• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.431-439
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• 2023

Objectives: Numerous studies have explored the causes and spread of outbreaks, yet there is a lack of research on post-coronavirus disease 2019 condition (PCC) in Korea. The goal of this study was to identify the various types of PCC and associated factors in discharged patients and to provide directions for the ongoing health management of confirmed patients. Methods: A telephone survey was conducted among 680 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients diagnosed between July 7, 2021 and August 26, 2021, in Dangjin, Chungnam, Korea. A descriptive analysis of characteristics, univariate analysis, and regression were performed using data from basic epidemiological surveys conducted at the time of diagnosis and post-discharge questionnaires. Results: Of the 585 patients who responded, 159 (27.2%) developed PCC. Of the 211 patients with no initial symptoms, 27 (12.8%) developed PCC, versus 132 (35.3%) of the 374 patients with initial symptoms. Among the initial symptoms, fever or chills, cough or sputum, loss of smell, and sore throat were associated with PCC. Compared to patients with less than 10 days of hospitalization, those with a hospitalization period of 21 days to 30 days (odds ratio [OR], 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0 to 5.2) and 31 days or more (OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 1.9 to 18.1) had a higher risk of PCC. Conclusions: More than a quarter of COVID-19 patients, including those who had no initial symptoms, experienced PCC in Korea. People with the initial symptoms of fever, chills, and respiratory symptoms and those who had prolonged hospital stays had a high risk of PCC.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.89-110
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• 2012

Meningococcal Disease, manifesting as meningitis and septicemia, is a life-threatening bacterial infection that results in significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in childhood. Its epidemic potential and limited opportunities for clinical intervention due to its rapid course present unique public health and clinical challenges. Incidence is highest in infants and young children, with a secondary peak of risk in adolescents. Approximately 10% of cases are fatal and survivors can be left with serious and permanent sequelae including amputations, hearing loss and cognitive impairment. Transmission is only from human-to-human, by infected respiratory tract secretions or saliva and therefore crowding poses a tremendously elevated risk for disease development. Military recruits and university students are at high risk due to the high carriage rate in adolescents, their behavior patterns and close contact. Menveo$^{(R)}$ (Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics), a novel quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine directed against meningococcal serogroups A, C, W-135 and Y, has been shown to be immunogenic and well tolerated in all age groups and was recently licensed for use in Korea. Recent cases and deaths among military recruits drew public attention to their elevated risk and the Korean government has recommended vaccination of all new military recruits. Many Korean students seek to attend school, university, or language institutes in countries where routine meningococcal vaccination is required - clinicians should be aware of such requirements to ensure that students are vaccinated prior to arrival in the destination country.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.200-206
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• 1995

Myocarditis refers to inflammation, necrosis, or myocytolysis that may be due to many infectious, connective tissue and many other causes affecting the myocardium or involvement of the endocardium or pericardium. The most common manifestation is congestive heart failure, although arrhythmias and sudden death may be the first sign of myocarditis. Viral myocarditis is typically a sporadic but occasionally epidemic illness, noted as an acute potentially fulminant disease of 1-to 4-wk-old infants, as an acute but more benign myopericarditis of toddlers and young children. The most common casuative agent in viral myocarditis is Coxsackievirus and the outcome of the biopsy-proven chronic dilated cardiomyopathy associated with Coxsackievirus is poor without therapy. Myocarditis may be confirmed by percutaneous endomyocardial biopsy and the viral myocarditis may be diagnosed by the serological viral study with the clinical manifestations. He was admitted for the management of tachyarrhythmias occurred suddenly without prodromal symptoms and signs and diagnosed as viral pancarditis by serological Coxsackievirus study, echocardiogram, chest x-ray, EKG and other clinical manifestations.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.311-343
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• 2004

Various aspect of epidemics broke out continually from the middle of Joseon Dynasty due to the famine and drought caused by abnormal climate of the sixteenth century and the war. Thus the Dynasty performed sacrificial rites, isolated the patients and published plenty of medical books related epidemics in order to cure of the patients, and Heojun edited 『Byeokyeoksinbang』 as 'Dangdokyeok' broke out at Gwanbuk(關北) districts in 1613, Heojun explained the cause of Dangdokyeok as meteorology under the feudal conditions, and concluded Simhwa(心火) by fever toxin, Therefore he selected the method of puting out Simhwa by attack of fever toxin. In addition he presented emergency treatment that can maintain the airway by bleeding. To treat Dangdokyeok, Heojun presented lots of prescriptions so as Seungmagalgeuntang(升麻葛根湯), Cheongyeolhaedoksan(淸熱解毒散), Yeongyopaedok-san(連翹敗毒散), Bangpungtongsaongsan(防風通聖散), Jowiseunggitang(調胃升氣湯) and Hwangryeonhaedoktang(黃連解毒湯) etc. And he proposed Samdueum (三豆飮), Realgar(石雄黃) and so on to prevent infection from that. They presume from 120 to 150 years as the period of human adaptation to the first epidemics. Dangdokyeok put a large number of people to death at first, but it wasn't referred at the history any more after Byeokyeoksinbang. So we can say that the treatment of Heojun may be effective. Common cold and dyspeptic cold broke out in our country differently from 'Shanghan(傷寒)' in the China, so we had settled 'pestilence infectious epidemic disease(瘟疫)' while 'epidemic febrile disease(溫病)' of the China. Dangdokyeok of Heojun is similar to 'Scalet fever' belonging to 'virulent heat pathogen(溫毒)', 'newly epidemic febrile disease(新感溫病)'. As a cure of Dangdokyeok, the Korean medicine uses the treatment of removing fever state whereas the western medicine uses the antibiotics to kill the streptococcus. The symptoms of Dangdokyeok are remarkably similar to those of the Scarlatina, so this occupies a high position on the world history of medicine in aspects of the period and details of symptoms. These days we have the problems that the tolerance of antibiotics increases and disease of unknown cause is prevalent. It means the western medicine get to limits. So if we progress epidemiography based on Heojun's medicine, we may contribute to the world history of medicine.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to keep the Security Control Center, which operates under a shift system, uninterrupted during the COVID-19 virus epidemic. Security facilities responding to cybersecurity threats are essential security facilities that must be operated 24 hours a day, 365 days a day in real time, and are critical to security operations and management. If security facilities such as infectious disease epidemic, system failure, and physical impact are closed or affected, they cannot respond to real-time cyberattacks and can be fatal to security issues. Recently, there have been cases in which security system facilities cannot be operated, such as the closure of facilities due to the COVID-19 virus epidemic and the availability of security systems due to the rainy season, and other cases need to be prepared. In this paper, we propose a plan to configure a security system facility as a multiplexing facility and operate it as an alternative in the event of a closed situation.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.265-270
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• 2015

The recent Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak has originated from a failure in the national quarantine system in the Republic of Korea as most basic role of protecting the safety and lives of its citizens. Furthermore, a number of the Korean healthcare system's weaknesses seem to have been completely exposed. The MERS-CoV outbreak can be considered a typical public health crisis in that the public was not only greatly terrorized by the actual fear of the disease, but also experienced a great impact to their daily lives, all in a short period of time. Preparedness for and an appropriate response to a public health crisis require comprehensive systematic public healthcare measures to address risks comprehensively with an all-hazards approach. Consequently, discussion regarding establishment of post-MERS-CoV improvement measures must focus on the total reform of the national quarantine system and strengthening of the public health infrastructure. In addition, the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention must implement specific strategies of action including taking on the role of "control tower" in a public health emergency, training of Field Epidemic Intelligence Service officers, establishment of collaborative governance between central and local governments for infection prevention and control, strengthening the roles and capabilities of community-based public hospitals, and development of nationwide crisis communication methods.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 1959

In Korea ,little attention was paid to chiggers until 1950 so only to reports on four species of chiggers were pulished before Korean War. Since 1950 (beginning of Korean War), a marked progress in the study of chiggers has been made in connection with investigations of Epidemic hemorrhagic fever occurring among the United Nations troops which was suspected as a chigger-borne infectious disease and the first report of tsutsugamushi disease in Korea called natives attention to chiggers as the vector mites of this newly known disease in Korea. This paper is mostly based on specimens of author's collections from 3269 Rodentia Insectivora, 9 Chiroptera, 24 Aves , 35 Amphibia and 3 Reptilia during the time from December 1955 to December 1956 but four species were introduced here from works of others . There are reported here five species of chiggers previously known only out of Korea and a new species also. This new species was collected by author but Lipovsky informed his colleague had collected the same one in Korea and they would publish it as new one in near future. This is the reason of describing the new species without specific name . Of course, this paper is incomplete in view of the geographic distribution, seosonal change and host relation etc, but will serve as a brief summary of the chiggers fauna of Korea up to the present. This species described here are as follows : Gahrliepia brennani var. ventralis Neoschongastia posekanyi Euschongastia kigtajimai Euschongastia miyagawai Euschongastia koreaensis Trombicula nagayoi Trombicula japonica Trombicula pomeranzevi Trombicula mitamurai Trombicula tamiyai Trombicula palpalis Trombicula orientalis Trombicula pallida Trombicula scutellaris Trobmicula miotis Trombicula hiranumai Trombicula sp. Trombicula hiranumai Trombicula sp. Trombicula subintermedius Shunsennia tarsalis . Euschongastia ikaoensis . Trombicula koomori Trombicul subakanushi

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.43-43
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• 2003

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) are an acute viral enteritis. colibacillosis by E coli is a microbial enteritic disease in suckling piglets[1]. These infectious intestinal diarrheal diseases cause severe diarrhea to suckling piglets, so that lead to enormous economical loss in swine-product industries. Ig-Top (AD Biotech, Korea) is a immunomodulator with IgY the specific yolk-antibody for PED, TGE and E. coli and oligosaccharide. The purpose of this study was to investigate protective effects against PED virus, TGE virus E.coli and in suckling piglets by oral administration of the Ig-Top. (omitted)

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.130-138
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• 2021

The outbreak of COVID-19 has had a huge impact on human life. The World Bank group (WBG) has stated that 2020 is the worst year since World War II for economic growth. An epidemic of an infectious disease such as COVID-19 is classified as a "social disaster" by law. The social disaster caused by COVID-19 puts certain industries, occupations and vulnerable groups at risk of exclusion and isolation. This paper intends to examine the fluctuations in the consumer price index in the cultural, sports and tourism sector before and after the onset of COVID-19. In addition, it predicts the consumer price index by sector until December 2021 and reveals its implications.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.49-76
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• 2024

Objectives : The purpose of this paper is to examine the mechanism and treatment of the Zangfu warm disease in the Beijiqianjinyaofang. Methods : This study examined the Zangfu warm disease content in the Beijiqianjinyaofang, Shanghanzongbinglun, Saninfang, based on the Neijing explanation of the pathological mechanism. Treatment was analyzed among the three texts in terms of their similarity and difference. Results & Conclusions : 1. Zangfu warm disease is caused by seasonally inappropriate qi, which is infectious, epidemic, and seasonal. 2. While the Qingjinqian disease pattern was explained in terms of the relationship between Shaoyin and Shaoyang, the actual disease pattern happened more in the Taiyang channel, and partly in the Shaoyang channel. For treatment of Fu deficiency pattern, the Chaihudihuangtang was listed in the Qianjinyaofang and the Shanghanzongbinglun, while in the Sanyinfang, the formula was modified to extinguish heat and thin phlegm, while reinforcing healthy qi. 3. The Chimaifei disease pattern was explained in terms of the relationship between Shaoyin and Taiyang that is deeply associated with Wei qi. For treatment of Fu deficiency the Qianjinyaofang and Shanghanzongbinglun used the Shigaodihuangtang, while the Sanyinfang reinforced healthy qi and eliminated pathogenic qi. 4. The Huangrousui disease pattern was explained as being caused by problems in the Taiyin and Yangming, in which the Triple Burner fails to control and manage cold dampness. In treating Zang excessiveness, the Qianjinyaofang and Shanghanzongbinglun used the Xuanshenhanshuishitang, while the Sanyinfang instructed to reinforce healthy qi and eliminate pathogenic qi. In treating Fu deficiency, the Sanyinfang instructed to warm the center and dry dampness, tonifying the Spleen and reinforcing qi. 5. The Baiqili disease pattern was explained within the relationship between Taiyin and Taiyang. In treating Fu deficiency, the Qianjinyaofang and Shanghanzongbinglun used the Shigaoxingrentang, while the Sanyinfang instructed to reinforce healthy qi and eliminate pathogenic qi. In treating Zang excessiveness, the Qianjinyaofang and Shanghanzongbinglun used the Shigaocongbaitang, while the Sanyinfang instructed to reinforce healthy qi and eliminate pathogenic qi. 6. The Heiguwen disease pattern was explained as being caused by stagnation and obstruction in the Triple Burner due to clash between Taiyang and Shaoyin. In treating Zang excessiveness, the Qianjinyaofang and Shanghanzongbinglun used the Kushenshigaotang, while the Sanyinfang instructed to reinforce healthy qi and eliminate pathogenic qi. The Zangfu Warm Disease is a infectious disease concept which is based on the Five Zang that integrates the meridian aspect together with the Six Fu with which there is an external/internal relationship. This concept and treatment could be considered in dealing with COVID-19.