• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.925-932
• /
• 2008

Manufactures of automotive repair finishes are tending to reduce more and more the level of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in their paint processes in order to comply with increasingly strict environmental legislation. The production of high solids paints is a way to solve this problem. However, the application of high-solids paints is limited primarily by the viscosity of resin which is strongly related to painting ability: the higher solid content, the lower desired property. In this study, alkyl copolymer with low viscosity was synthesized by the introduction of the monomers with long-side chains and functional groups which improve flexibility and cross-linking density, respectively. The solid content of the paint prepared with the synthesized resin was 80wt% and its VOCs was reduced by 20%, compared to the commercialized paint. Also, the physical and mechanical properties of coatings on steel sheets were similar to commercialized one.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study focuses on exploring ways to improve the distribution method of shrimp farming so that it is eco-friendly and increases the distribution of shrimp. Research design, data and methodology: The experimental device installed in a biofloc shrimp culture in one area tested 10 times. Complex odor, concentration of H2S, water quality improvement effected by decomposition of organic substances, and degree of microbial activation measured. The data of the experimental results verified using the T-test technique, and the p value was determined based on the significance probability of 0.05. Results: This experimental device was effective in reducing odor and hydrogen sulfide in shrimp farms. With the improvement of water quality, dissolved oxygen increased due to the microbubble and cavitation action of air ejector and ultrasonic waves. In addition, the cultured microorganisms in the cultured water treated by the experimental device were remarkably proliferated compared to the raw water. Conclusions: The biofloc distribution method has a significant effect on improving water quality and reducing odor substances and will become a new eco-friendly and efficient distribution method for shrimp farming in the future.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.163-170
• /
• 2008

This experiment was conducted to determine the development of mixed organic fertilizer using photosynthetic bacteria and mass production of mixed microbial compound for the environment-friendly agriculture. Photosynthetic bacteria, Rhodobacter sp. SA16 was isolated from soil collected by plastic film house. The SA16 strain was identified based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis and it is closely related to Rhodobacter sp.(100% similarity). The mixed organic fertilizer using SA16 was made of $N-P_2O_5-K_2O=60-10-20\;g\;kg^{-1}$ with combined soybean cake, sesame cake, powdered blood, fish meal, powdered bones and red-yellow soil. The mixed organic fertilizer 0.45, 0.90 and 1.35 Mg $ha^{-1}$ application in Ihyeon series was treated based on soil testing for lettuce cultivation in plastic film house. These results showed that the yield was increased the 18 and 19%over control by the mixed organic fertilizer application 0.45 and 0.90 Mg $ha^{-1}$, respectively. In the physical properties of the soil, the porosity of mixed organic fertilizer 1.35 Mg $ha^{-1}$ treatment was highest at 58.8%. Our results clearly revealed that the organic fertilizer using Rhodobacter sp. SA16 and mass production of mixed strains could be a useful technology in pursuing environment-friendly agriculture.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.221-232
• /
• 2010

During 2005~2009, current status on the occurrence and the management of the major disease, insect and mite pests were investigated in the non-chemical or organic cultured apple orchards in Korea. Numbers of certified organic or non-chemical apple orchards increased from 14 in 2005 to 78 in 2008. Severe damages on leaves and fruits were caused by the several diseases such as marssonina blotch, bitter rot, white rot, sooty blotch and flyspeck, and the several insect pests such as apple leaf-curling aphid, woolly apple aphid, oriental fruit moth and peach fruit moth on the almost certified organic or non-chemical pest control orchards. About 10 and 18 environmental-friendly materials were used to control diseases and insect or mite pests, respectively. But, lime sulfur and bordeaux mixture to diseases and machine oil, plant oil mixed with egg yolk, and pheromone mating disruptions to insect pests were effective under the adequate conditions.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.109-121
• /
• 2007

For developing standard method for diease, pest and weed control in environmental friendly 'Ssam' vegetable cultivation, this study was carried out to investigating agriculture material use in organic agriculture and no pesticide cultivation for lettuce, kale, leafy perilla and korean cabbage. The 28.6% of investigated farmer carried out seed sterilization by seed selection with salt solution and soaking in chitosan that not validated. For raising seedling periods, the 55.6% of farmer did not use environmental-friendly agriculture material for, diease control and the 50% of farmer used one time for. pest control. Therefore, the control of disease and pest could be achieved with one or two times use of environmental-friendly agriculture material. Seed sterilization was carried out by soil solar sterilization, one time per year in 71.4% of farmer. Weed was controled by black PE film for weed germination of furrow in many farmer, by man-power weeding for weed of ridge in 85% of farmer and by machine weeding and mulching in some farmer. During cultivation period, the major pest were Aphis gossypii in lettuce, Plutella xylostella in kale, Plutella xylostella and Phyllotreta striolata (Fabricius) in korean cabbage and Pyrausta panopealis (Walke) in feat perilla. The many farmers used environ-mental-friendly agriculture material for control of pest over 10 times for spring season, and more used sold materials in market than home-made materials. In result, it needs to develop standardized method and validate cultivation methods for control of disease and pest, and seed sterilization treatment environmental-friendly 'Ssam' vegetable.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.308-314
• /
• 2012

In order to monitor the residual pesticides in environment friendly agricultural commodities, fruits and fruiting vegetables. Twenty-five agricultural commodities were collected twice in May and August 2011 from nine environment friendly agricultural commodities-selling supermarkets and retail stores located in eight major cities in Korea. The number of each agricultural commodity collected, 555 samples in total, was 152 organic agricultural products, 202 pesticide-free agricultural products and 201 low-pesticide agricultural products. Pesticide residues in samples were analyzed by multiresidue method for 245 pesticides using a GC-ECD/NPD and an HPLC-DAD/FLD and the peaks suspected as pesticides were identified with a GC/MSD. As a result of pesticide residue analysis, three pesticides, bifenthrin, EPN and chlorpyrifos, were detected from four samples including apple, representing a detection rate of 0.72%. The residue levels of the four pesticide-detected samples were less than their maximum residue limits (MRLs) but one pesticide EPN detected from pear exceeded its legible criterion of one twentieth MRL. Estimated daily intakes of the pesticides detected from fruits and fruiting vegetables were less than 0.76% of their maximum permissible intake.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
• /
• 2001.05a
• /
• pp.144-148
• /
• 2001

The structures built carelessly become the origin of a serious environmental problem caused from the urbanization. To solve this problem, I have considered the characteristics of Atrium as an environment-friendly factor to the office environment. The result is that Atrium protects the insiders health and contributes to the energy saving as it enables the use of natural lights and solar heat first. Second, it gives the office environment liveliness, makes a clean environment and helps the insiders health for introduction of green field. Third, it plays a role of a place for rest, a place for meeting, and a small park by attracting people to the organic space where the inside and outside are connected with a huge glass. On the basis of these characteristics, we should try to prepare the complementary relationship between human beings and nature mutually through its active introduction in the space.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2007

The objectives of this study are to analyze emitted components and concentrations of VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) from the inside of vehicles that were experimented with sedans and RVs (Recreational Vehicles) delivered from warehouses after 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. The value of TVOC (Total Volatile Organic Compounds) was twice to eight times over than the standard value. However, TVOC of vehicles was more detected than RVs. Especially, the value of toluene was rapidly decreased after 45 days. But after 60 days, it was more detected than the standard value. After 45 days, the xylene value was confirmed to be lower than the standard value. As a result, it was found that development of alternative technologies such as non-solvent and systems for automobile interior parts may be imminent. Using test method standard, although it is not yet International Standard, to analyze and replace components, concentrations, human-noxious, it will contribute to producing environmental-friendly vehicles.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.39-54
• /
• 2024

This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between the selection attributes and visit motivations of Ningxia wineries and tourist satisfaction and intention to revisit. Utilizing multiple linear regression and simple linear regression models, the study quantitatively analyzed tourists' selection attributes and visit motivations for Ningxia wineries. Factor analysis categorized 12 visit motivation variables into four factors: 'Sensation', 'Educational', 'Companion-Friendly', and 'Experiential'. Additionally, 17 selection attribute variables were classified into four factors: 'Service Quality', 'Environmental', 'Facility', and 'Economic'. Through analyzing the impact of visit motivations on satisfaction and revisit intentions, we have identified the pivotal factors as 'Wine Cultural Education', 'Enhanced Companion-Friendliness', and 'Wine Cultural Experience'. In the analysis of the relationship between selection attributes and revisit intentions, crucial elements involve 'Service Quality provided by the winery"'and 'Environmental of the winery'. Conversely, key influencing revisit intentions include 'Environmental of the winery' and 'Costs and Pricing associated with winery visits'. To ensure the sustainable development of the Ningxia winery industry and promote the enduring growth of rural economies, wineries should place greater emphasis on cultivating wine cultural experiences, artisanal activities, and other project endeavors.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.126-137
• /
• 2023

Paddy fields provide important habitats for biodiversity conservation within the agricultural ecosystem. Their importance is gradually increasing as their ecological value is better understood. Benthic macroinvertebrates dominate paddy fields. They play an essential role in maintaining the biodiversity of paddy ecosystems. This study aimed to analyze characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrate communities and main environmental factors affecting the distribution of golden apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata). Results showed that the diversity index (H') of the benthic macroinvertebrate community was the highest at the Sangju site (St. 12) but the lowest at the Sancheong site (St. 18). Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), salinity, and Electrical Conductivity (EC) values were the highest in Gimhae and Yeongam based on Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Numbers of P. canaliculata (m-2) were relatively low in Gunsan and Iksan where water temperatures were high. Therefore, changes in geographical characteristics and environmental factors might affect the distribution of P. canaliculata and characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrate communities. Results of this study can be used as primary data for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem service evaluation in agroecosystems.