Holstein종(種)의 유량(乳量)에 영향(影響)을 미치는 환경효과(環境效果) 추정(推定)에 관한 연구(硏究) (Study on the estimation of environmental effects on milk yield in Holstein)
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- Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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- 제9권
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- pp.37-49
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- 1991
본 연구는 한국종축개량협회(韓國種畜改良協會)에서 1985년-1989년 사이에 일반(一般) 낙농농가(酪農農家)를 대상으로 실시한 산유능력검정자료(産乳能力檢定資料) 4,008두(頭)의 기록(記錄)을 이용(利用)하여 유우(乳牛)의 주요경제형질중(主要經濟形質中), 유량(乳量)에 관여하는 환경요인중(環境要因中) 년도(年度), 분만연령(分娩年齡), 농가(農家), 착유(搾乳) 기간효과(期間效果)를 구명(究明)하기 위하여 수행되었으며 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 일반능력(一般能力)에 있어서 각(各) 형질(形質)의 평균치(平均値) 및 표준편차(標準偏差)는 실유량(實乳量)이
우리나라에서 사회적기업은 양적 성장에도 불구하고 대체적으로 영세한 규모, 경영 역량과 기술 부족의 문제, 취약한 자원 확보 능력의 문제를 갖고 있으며, 이에 따라 사회적기업의 지속가능성에 대한 우려가 제기되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 환경 속에서도 영리기업과 차별화되는 사회적기업만의 특성은 사회적 미션을 갖고 있다는 점이다. 또한 사회적기업은 취약계층 근로자와 일반근로자가 함께 공존하는 특성을 지니며, 취약계층의 자립을 돕는 역할을 한다. 이러한 특성에 따라 사회적기업에서 조직구성원의 성공적인 조직사회화는 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구는 사회적기업의 사회적 미션이 비전공유를 통해서 사회적기업만의 경쟁력으로 활용될 수 있으며, 조직구성원의 조직사회화에도 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수 있을 것으로 보고 비전공유와 조직사회화 간의 관계를 연구하고자 하였으며, 비전공유와 조직사회화 간의 관계에서 조직건강의 매개효과를 밝히고자 하였다. 156명의 부산, 대구 소재 사회적기업 종사자들을 대상으로 실시한 조사 결과, 비전공유는 조직건강 및 조직사회화에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 비전공유와 조직사회화간의 관계에서 조직건강의 하위요소 중 활기와 공동체지향이 매개효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 조직의 비전이 공유될수록 자신이 속한 조직이 건강하다고 인식하며, 이를 통해 성공적인 조직사회화를 이룰 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 바탕으로 취약계층을 포함한 사회적기업 조직구성원의 성공적인 조직사회화를 위한 방안을 제시할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 한계를 제시하였다.
Purpose : This research is to examine the work and job satisfaction of paramedics in the emergency room of university hospitals. This research is done to provide basic data needed for establishing work realms of paramedics in hospitals and to enhance their degree of satisfaction. Methods : Research questionnaire survey was conducted on 141 paramedics working in the emergency room of 32 university hospitals from August 24, 2010 to September 30, 2010 through direct visits and telephone interviews or email to explain the purpose of this research and assurance of confidentiality of responses on the questionnaires. As the tool for the degree of job satisfaction, 'The Index of Work Satisfaction' developed by Slavitt, et al(1978) and revised and supplemented by Soon-shim Kim and Hye-ran Kwon(2002) was used. The collected data were analyzed by evaluating frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA, Cronbach's
Franchising is one of the fastest growing types of business. It is already popular and well-known in the U.S., and has been growing in many other countries including Korea. Furthermore, many Korean franchising companies have expanded their business overseas actively. According to the data by the Ministry of Industry and Resource, 82 companies out of a sample of 500 franchising companies are already operating in many foreign countries and 48% of them have started their foreign business since 2006. This clearly indicates the fast growing current trend of foreign operation by Korean franchising companies. In spite of the fast growing trend of foreign expansion in the industry, academic research on internationalization of franchising companies is extremely difficult to find. Accordingly, academic research on the issue is necessary and urgent in Korea. Among the various research questions on internationalization of franchising business, this study intends to investigate the difference in organizational factors between the franchising companies doing foreign operation and those doing business only domestically. More specifically, this research has the following purposes. First, considering the lack of theoretical basis of previous studies, resource-based theory and agency theory are employed as the theoretical bases. Second, this study explains the difference in internationalization based on organizational factors such as company size, history and growth rate. Third, the five hypotheses regarding the difference in organizational factors are presented and tested empirically, which is the first attempt in the area of this topic. Finally, the study attempts to clarify the conflicting implications among theories regarding some organizational factos such as growth rate. As the theoretical background, resource-based theory and agency theory are discussed. According to resource-based theory, a firm can grow continuously when it has competence and resource, and also the ability to develop them. The competence and resource can include capital, human resource, management skill, market information, ability to manage risk, etc. Meanwhile, agency theory views the relationship between franchisor and franchisee as an agency relationship. In agency theory, bonding capability and monitoring capability are the two key factors which promote internationalization of franchising companies. Based on the two theories, a conceptual model is designed. The model consists of two groups of variables. One is organizational factors including size, history, growth rate, price bonding and geographic dispersion. The other is whether a franchising company is operating overseas or not. We developed the following five research hypotheses basically describing the relationship between organizational factors and internationalization of franchising companies. H1: The size of franchising companies operating overseas is larger than that of franchising companies operating domestically. H2: The history of franchising companies operating overseas is longer than that of franchising companies operating domestically. H3: The growth rate of franchising companies operating overseas is higher than that of franchising companies operating domestically. H4: The price bonding of franchising companies operating overseas is higher than that of franchising companies operating domestically. H5: The geographic dispersion of franchising companies operating overseas is wider than that of franchising companies operating domestically. Data for the analyses are obtained from 2005 Korea Franchise Survey data co-generated by Ministry of Industry and Resource, GS1 Korea, and Korea Franchise Association. Out of 2,804 population companies, 2,489 companies are excluded for various reasons and 315 companies are selected as the final sample. Prior to hypotheses tests, validity and reliability of the measures of size, history, growth rate and price bonding are examined for further analyses. Geographic dispersion is not validated since it is measured using nominal data. A series of independent sample T-tests is used to find out whether there exists any significant difference between the companies internationalized and those operating only domestically for each organizational factor. Among the five factors, size and geographic dispersion show significant difference, growth rate and price bonding do not reveal any difference and, finally, history factor shows conflicting results in the difference depending on how to measure it.