Korean Chemical Engineering Research

The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers (한국화학공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Semi-pilot Scaled Biofilter Treatment of Malodorous Waste Air Containing Hydrogen Sulfide and Ammonia: 2. Performance of Biofilter Packed with Media Inoculated with a Consortium of Separated Microbes

황화수소와 암모니아를 함유한 악취폐가스의 세미파일럿 규모 바이오필터 처리: 2. 분리 미생물들을 접종한 담체를 충전한 바이오필터 운전

  • Lim, Kwang-Hee (Department of Chemical Engineering, Daegu University, Research Institute for Industrial and Environmental Waste Air Treatment)
  • 임광희 (대구대학교 화학공학과, 산업 및 환경폐가스연구소)
  • Received : 2014.01.15
  • Accepted : 2014.02.13
  • Published : 2014.04.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

A semi-pilot biofilter inoculated with the microbes consortium of Bacillus cereus DAH-1056 and Arthrobacter sp. KDE-0311 was operated under various operating conditions in order to treat malodorous waste air containing both hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. When both hydrogen sulfide and ammonia contained in malodorous waste air were treated simultaneously by semi-pilot biofilter inoculated with Thiobacillus sp. IW and return-sludge, the removal efficiencies of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia were ca. 80% and ca. 50%, respectively. On the other hand, in this study, the removal efficiencies of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia were ca. 90% and ca. 60%, respectively. Therefore, the removal efficiencies of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia were enhanced by ca. 13% and 20%, respectively, compared to the semipilot biofilter inoculated with Thiobacillus sp. IW and return-sludge. In addition, in this study, the maximum elimination capacities of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia were enhanced by ca. 15% ($8g/m^3/h$) and 10~17% ($3{\sim}5g/m^3/h$), respectively. In this study, it was observed either that in case of even a same inlet load of hydrogen sulfide, a higher concentration of hydrogen sulfide causes more difficulties in treating ammonia containing in waste air than a lower one, or that in case of even a same inlet load of ammonia, a lower concentration of ammonia results in higher removal efficienciy and elimination capacity than a higher one. Even though hydrogen sulfide and ammonia were treated simultaneously by a biofilter in this study, the maximum elimination capacity of hydrogen sulfide in this study exceeded or was similar to that in previous study of biofilter treating only hydrogen sulfide. In addition, this study showed the higher maximum elimination capacity of ammonia than other previous investigation of biofilter treating hydrogen sulfide and ammonia simultaneously.

황화수소와 암모니아를 포함한 악취폐가스를 처리하기 위하여 여러 semi-pilot 바이오필터 운전 조건 하에서 Bacillus cereus DAH-1056과 Arthrobacter sp. KDE-0311를 고정한 semi-pilot 바이오필터 시스템을 운전하였다. Semi-pilot 바이오필터 운전조건에서 Thiobacillus sp. IW와 반송슬러지를 고정한 바이오필터의 황화수소 removal efficiency는 약 80%이었고 암모니아의 removal efficiency는 약 50% 정도이었던 반면에 Bacillus cereus DAH-1056과 Arthrobacter sp. KDE-0311를 고정한 본 연구에서 황화수소의 removal efficiency는 약 90%이었고 암모니아의 removal efficiency는 약 60% 정도이었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 Thiobacillus sp. IW와 반송슬러지를 고정한 semi-pilot 바이오필터의 경우를 기준으로 황화수소 및 암모니아의 removal efficiency가 각각 약 13% 및 20% 정도 제고되었다. 또한 본 연구에서는 암모니아의 최대 elimination capacity가 약 $35g/m^3/h$로서 Thiobacillus sp. IW와 반송슬러지를 고정한 semi-pilot 바이오필터의 경우보다 $3{\sim}5g/m^3/h$ 정도 제고되어 10~17% 더욱 높았다. 한편 본 연구의 황화수소의 최대 elimination capacity는 약 $63g/m^3/h$ 정도로 약 15% 증가하였다. 본 연구에서는 같은 inlet load의 황화수소라 할지라도 높은 농도의 황화수소가 낮은 농도의 황화수소보다 바이오필터의 암모니아 처리를 더 어렵게 하거나, 같은 inlet load의 암모니아라 할지라도 낮은 농도의 암모니아의 경우가 높은 농도의 암모니아보다 더 큰 removal efficiency와 elimination capacity를 갖는 것이 관찰되었다. 본 연구에서의 황화수소 최대처리용량은 황화수소와 암모니아를 동시처리 하였음에도 불구하고 황화수소만을 바이오필터로 처리한 선행연구에서의 황화수소 최대처리용량을 초과하거나 비슷하였다. 또한 본 연구에서는 바이오필터로 황화수소와 암모니아를 동시처리한 선행연구보다 더 높은 암모니아 제거용량을 보였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Hirai, M., Ohtake, M. and Shoda, M., "Removal Kinetics of Hydro-gen Sulfide, Methanethiol and Dimethyl Sulfide by Peat Biofilters," J. Ferment. Bioeng., 70, 334-339(1990). https://doi.org/10.1016/0922-338X(90)90145-M
  2. Chris, E., Chris, Q., Peter, B., Jay, W. and Dirk, A., "Odor and Air Emissions Control Using Biotechnology for Both Collection and Wastewater Treatment Systems," Chem. Eng. J., 113, 93-104(2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2005.04.007
  3. Islander, R. I., Devinny, J. S., Mansfield, F., Postyn, A. and Shin, H., "Microbial Ecology of Crown Corrosions in Sewers," J. Environ. Eng., 117, 751-770(1990).
  4. Oyarzun, P., Arancibia, F., Canales, C. and Aroca, G. E., "Biofiltration of High Concentration of Hydrogen Sulfide Using Thiobacillus thioparus," Process Biochem., 39(2), 165-170(2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-9592(03)00050-5
  5. Cho, K.-S., Ryu, H. W. and Lee, N. Y., "Biological Deodorization of Hydrogen Sulfide Using Porous Lava as a Carrier of Thiobacillus thioxidants," Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 90, 25-31(2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1389-1723(00)80029-8
  6. Wani, A. H., Branion, M. R. and Lau, A. K., "Effects of Periods of Starvation and Fluctuating Hydrogen Sulfide Concentration on Biofilter Dynamics and Performance," J. Hazard. Mater., 60, 287-303(1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3894(98)00154-X
  7. Chung, Y.-C., Huang, C. and Tseng, C.-P., "Biodegradation of Hydrogen Sulfide by a Laboratory-Scale Immobilized Pseudomonas putida CH11 Biofilter," Biotechnol. Progr., 12, 773-778(1996). https://doi.org/10.1021/bp960058a
  8. Chung, Y.-C., Huang, C. and Tseng, C.-P., "Operation Optimization of Thiobacillus thioparus CH11 in a Biofilter for Hydrogen Sulfide Removal," J. Biotechnol., 52, 31-38(1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1656(96)01622-7
  9. Chung, Y.-C., Huang, C. and Tseng, C.-P., "Biological Elimination of $H_2S$ and $NH_3$ from Wastegases by Biofilter Packed with Immobilized Heterotrophic Bacteria," Chemosphere, 43, 1043-1050(2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00211-3
  10. Chung, Y.-C., Huang, C., Tseng, C.-P. and Pan, J. R., "Biotreatment of $H_2S$ and $NH_3$-Containing Waste Gases by co-immobilized Cells Biofilter," Chemosphere, 41, 329-326(2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00490-7
  11. Cox, H. H. J. and Deshusses, M. A., "Co-treatment of $H_2S$ and Toluene in a Biotrickling Filter," Chem. Eng. J., 87, 101-110(2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1385-8947(01)00222-4
  12. Shareefdeen, Z., Herner, B., Webb, D., Verhaeghe, L. and Wilson, S., "An Odor Predictive Model for Rendering Applications," Chem. Eng. J., 113, 215-220(2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2005.03.006
  13. Lebrero, R., Gondim, A. C., Perez, R., Garcia-Encina, P. A. and Munoz, R., "Comparative Assessment of a Biofilter, a Biotrickling Filter and a Hollow Fiber Membrane Bioreactor for Odor Treatment in Wastewater Treatment Plants," Water Res., 49, 339-350(2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.09.055
  14. Filho, J. L. R. P., Sader, L. P, Damianovic, M. H. R. Z., Foresti, E. and Silva, E. L., "Performance Evaluation of Packing Materials in the Removal of Hydrogen Sulphide in Gas-phase Biofilters: Polyurethane Foam, Sugarcane Bagasse, and Coconut Fibre," Chem. Eng. J., 158, 441-450(2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2010.01.014
  15. Kim, J. H., Rene, E. R. and Park, H. S., "Biological Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide Under Study and Transient State Conditions in an Immobilized Cell Biofilter," Bioresour. Technol., 99, 583-588(2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.12.028
  16. Lee, E. J. and Lim, K.-H., "Transient Behavior of Hybrid System Composed of a Photo-Catalytic Reactor and a Biolter to Treat Waste-Air Containing Highly Concentrated-Hydrogen Sulde with High Loading," J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., 46, 636-647(2013). https://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.13we076
  17. Ramiro, G. M. and Danny, L. R., "Compatibility of Ammonia Suppressants Used in Poultry Litter with Mushroom Compost Preparation and Production," Bioresour. Technol., 97, 1679-1686(2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.07.029
  18. Kim, K. Y. and Choi, H. L., "On Site Evaluation on Odor Emissions from Livestock Manure Composting Facilities in the Han River Basin," J. Anim. Sci. & Technol., 43, 1005-1018(2001).
  19. Kazutaka, K., Takashi, O., Mitihiro, Y., Akane, K., Takako, N., Sigenori, M. and Tomoko, N., "Emissions of Malodorous Compounds and Greenhouse Gases from Composting Swine Feces," Bioresour. Technol., 56, 265-271(1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(96)00047-8
  20. Akdeniz, N., Janni, K. A. and Salnikov, I. A., "Biofilter Performance of Pine Nuggets and Lava Rock as Media," Bioresour. Technol., 102, 4974-4980(2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.058
  21. Malhautier, L., Gracian, C., Roux, J.-C., Fanlo, J.-L. and Cloirec, P. L., "Biological Treatment Process of Air Loaded with An Ammonia and Hydrogen Sulfide Mixture," Chemosphere, 50, 145-153(2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00395-8
  22. Lee, E. J. and Lim, K.-H., "Treatment of Malodorous Waste Air Using Hybrid System," Korean Chem. Eng. Res.(HWAHAK KONGHAK), 48(3), 382-390(2010).
  23. Chen, Y.-X., Yin, J. and Wang, K.-X., "Long-term Operation of Biofilters for Biological Removal of Ammonia," Chemosphere, 58, 1023-1030(2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.09.052
  24. Lee, E. J., Park, H. and Lim, K.-H., "Semi-pilot Scaled Biofilter Treatment of Malodorous Waste Air Containing Hydrogen Sulfide and Ammonia: 1. Performance of Biofilter Packed with Media with Immobilized Thiobacillus sp. IW and Return Sludge," Korean Chem. Eng. Res.(HWAHAK KONGHAK), 51(5), 568-574(2013). https://doi.org/10.9713/kcer.2013.51.5.568
  25. Lim, K.-H., Jung, Y.-J., Park, L. S. and Min, K.-S., "Preparation and Characteristics of Media from Waste Tire Powder for Wastewater Treatment," Korean Chem. Eng. Res.(HWAHAK KONGHAK), 39(5), 600-606(2001).
  26. Lim, D. J. and Lim, K.-H., "Characteristics on the Incubation of Sulfur Compound-oxidizing Strains Separated for the Removal of Malodor," Korean Chem. Eng. Res.(HWAHAK KONGHAK), 47(6), 788-794(2009).
  27. Lee, E. J. and Lim. K.-H., "Treatment of Malodorous Waste Air Containing Ammonia Using Hybrid System Composed of Photocatalytic Reactor and Biofilter System," Korean Chem. Eng. Res.(HWAHAK KONGHAK), 51(2), 272-278(2013). https://doi.org/10.9713/kcer.2013.51.2.272
  28. Lim, K.-H. and Park, S.-W., "Transient Behavior of Biofilter Inoculated with Thiobacillus sp. IW to Treat Waste-air Containing Hydrogen Sulfide," Korean J. Chem. Eng., 23(6), 965-971(2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-006-0016-0
  29. Lee, E. J., Park, S. W., Nam, D. V., Chung, C. H. and Lim, K-. H., "Treatment of Malodorous Waste Air Containing Ammonia Using Biofilter System," Korean Chem. Eng. Res.(HWAHAK KONGHAK), 48(3), 391-396(2010).