• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.167-177
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• 2015

This study was conducted to establish an inventory and propose conservation strategies for 'village wetlands' in Asan city, Korea, using GIS. As results, the village wetlands are defined as such places as 'palustrine' wetland, village embankment, agricultural reservoir or small reservoirs located in or near the village and related to everyday life or farming. Firstly 807 provisional village wetlands(draft) were identified in Asan by using Arc-GIS 10.1, then 196 wetlands(final) were defined finally as village wetlands and listed the inventory of Asan Village Wetlands after being validated through office works and field survey. The office works analyzed minimum area(greater than $625m^2$), satellite images, the Korea Land Information System, land use map and land coverage map. To evaluate the function and conservation values, the 37 wetlands were selected for detailed surveying and function assessment based on the following criteria : 1) doubled code both wetland and reservoir at digital map, 2) located less than 100m from village and 3) ecologically connected to such ecological resources as seaside mudflats, mountains and green area and ecological passages for small size wildlifes. As the result of the wetland function assessments by the RAM method, 7 wetlands were found to have 'high' wetland function (conservation) 18 wetlands were 'medium' (enhancement) and 12 wetlands were 'low' (restoration or enhancement). Enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services through ecological management of wetlands in Asan and connecting with the Ecological Natural Degree were proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.104-126
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• 2004

The recognition of the environment and its importance have generated various types of parks, such as the ecological put the environmental put and the natural academy. They are considered the connecting media for the creation of space as a new paradigm in design for the 21st century from the late 1990s, environmental designs in space planning have been created from various angles of Perspectives including restoration of the natural ecosystem and introduction of natural circulation systems. Based on the aye facts and through theoretical examination of environmental park models, this research (1) establishes the concept and the significance of environmental parte; and, based on this, classifies the types of industrial sublimity; (2) presents environmental designing principles and standards; and (3) presents the "Chung Ra pro-Environmental Park plan" based on these ideas. The following is the summary of research results: First, while existing city parks are human-oriented, interior-oriented, and shape-centered, an environmental park considers human and nature equally and gives great importance to the relationship between the internal and external of the subject. It is a mark of environmental education that considers the natural ecosystem. Therefore, the environmental park is the 21st Century′s type of an open park for creating new forms of nature, as well as for incorporating culture and values through education. In such an environmental system, nature, culture, and human beings pursue balance, harmony, and security through mutual recognition. Second, in a broad sense, the types of environmental park can be classified into Cultural Restoration, Ecological Conservation, and Environmental Replacement. Third, by selecting Chung na environmental park in Incheon, which is a filtration plant lot, as a research subject, I have presented alternative planning for environmental parte in which culture and nature coexist on the basis of environmental planning principles and standards.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.177-188
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• 2013

In this research, forest cover distribution change, forest volume and carbon stock in Yongin-city, Gyeonggi procince were estimated focused on the forest of Yongin-City using forest type map and HyTAG model in relation to climate change. Present forest volume of Yongin-city was estimated using the data from $5^{th}$ Forest Type Map and Korean National Forest Inventory (NFI). And for the future 100 years potential forest distribution by 10-year interval were estimated using HyTAG model. Forest volume was also calculated using algebraic differences form of the growth model. According to the $5^{th}$ Forest Type Map, present needleleaf forest occupied 37.8% and broadleaf forest 62.2% of forest area. And the forest cover distribution after 30 years would be changed to 0.13% of needleleaf forest and 99.97% of broadleaf forest. Finally, 60 years later, whole forest of Yongin-city would be covered by broad-leaf forest. Also the current forest carbon stocks was measured 1,773,862 tC(56.79 tC/ha) and future carbon stocks after 50 years was predicted to 4,432,351 tC(141.90 tC/ha) by HyTAG model. The carbon stocks after 100 years later was 6,884,063 tC (220.40 tC/ha). According to the HyTAG model prediction, Pinus koraiensis, Larix kaempferi, Pinus rigida, and Pinus densiflora are not suitable to the future climate of 10-year, 30-year, 30-year, and 50-year later respectively. All Quercus spp. was predicted to be suitable to the future climate.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.332-341
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• 2018

This study aims to establish operating methods for value-oriented and competitive operation of Dalseong Wetland Ecological Learning Center in Daegu, Korea, which will open in 2018. For this purpose, we surveyed 77 Ecological learning facility managers nationwide using 22 questions on the subjects such as the operating method, volunteer, budget, and profit. The managers of 50 ecological learning facilities (Type A) responded, and we extracted the responses by the managers of 12 ecological learning facilities (Type B) that had the similar size as the Dalseong Wetland Ecological Learning Center and conducted an additional analysis. The results of the survey indicated that it was advisable for Daegu Metropolitan City to operate the Dalseong Wetland Ecological Learning Center and that the staff at least 3-5 managers were necessary while the number of volunteers to regularly work at the center was estimated to be 25-30. Excluding labor costs, the annual operating budget was estimated to be between 150 million won and 200 million won if Daegu Metropolitan City operates the facility directly. This study is meaningful in that it provides reference data to establish realistic and detailed management plan of the Dalseong Wetland Ecological Learning Center based on the opinions of the surveyed managers of ecological learning facilities in Korea.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

Climate change lead to environmental pollution caused by the radical economic growth and development of industry. The amount of damage from abnormal climate is increasing rapidly for this reason in Korea. In particular, the cities is a lot of carbon emission quantity from the radical growth. Thus the government present "low carbon green growth" for eco-friendly city planning. As one of the important factors effecting climate change, active researches on land use change is performed. In this study, we knew land use change of each scenarios using land use equilibrium model which is kind of predictive model of land use in Japan. First, we selected study area to Jeju lsland. For this study, indicators for input data were selected and spatial data for input data were established using GIS program. Second, we established future scenarios based in 2040s. There are 2 future scenarios: dispersion scenario, compact scenario. Third, we compared with residential area of current and residential area for future scenarios. Results showed that residential area of the difference between current and dispersion scenario were 1,230 ha and residential area of the difference between current and compact scenario were 1,515 ha. Finally, for comparing carbon dioxide absorption volume between dispersion scenarios and compact scenarios, we calculated carbon dioxide absorption volume according to residential area decreased of each future scenarios. Results showed that carbon dioxide absorption volume in dispersion scenario was 477,878 ton and carbon dioxide absorption volume in compact scenario was 588,606 ton. Therefore, the study showed that land use equilibrium model is expected to put to use for future enhancement in creating data for climate change stabilization. And it is also expected to be utilized for city planning research in Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.507-514
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• 2013

The Nakdong River being used as drinking water sources for the Busan metropolitan city has the vulnerability of water management due to the fact that industrial areas are located in the upper Nakdong River. This study used emergy analysis method to evaluate ecological-economics of water treatment systems of D water treatment plant (WTP) where located in the downstream of the Nakdong River. The emergy methodology is a system evaluation tool that uses energy as the common currency to compare different resources on a common basis. Emergy yield ratio (EYR) and emergy sustainability index (EmSI) of D WTP were 1.16 and 0.18, respectively. It means not resources and sustainable system but consumer goods and not sustainable system. Ratio of emergy benefit to the purchaser (EBP) shows 2.7 times higher than economic costs. To change the weak water source and situations we need to diversity water intake.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.191-201
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• 2019

This study suggested a vegetation restoration plan for a coastal area where the ecosystem conservation fund return project, targeting the whole area of Dalmaji-gil, located in Haeundae, Busan. After distinguishing if it would be a proper site for the operation of the ecosystem conservation fund return project by analyzing the ecological environment, human environment, and the current status of land owners, the target species for vegetation restoration was determined, and the facilities and programs were selected in accordance with the spatial division of the biosphere reserve. The basic direction is as follows. First, is the expansion of green space and the securement of life habitats downtown. Second, is the conservation of core areas by separating the conserved area from the space for use. Third, is the establishment of ecological resting space and the reinforcement of an ecological educational programs. The significance of this study is to suggest a vegetation restoration plan of a coastal area, fully utilizing the existing vegetation of the subject area, by suggesting the land use and flow planning, environmental improvement (vegetation restoration) plan, life habitats establishment plan, planting plan, and hydrologic plan, facilities, maintenance, and monitoring plan based on the basic direction. This study would provide useful basic data for ecosystem conservation and restoration in the Korean Peninsula, surrounded by the ocean on three sides.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.49-68
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• 2021

This study was to carried out to survey and analyse the vascular plants of Mt. Jangsan, Busan Metropolitan City, South Korea. The vascular plants were surveyed from June to October, 2019. The numbers of vascular plants in this site were 497 taxa and comprised of 106 families, 306 genera, 454 species, 7 subspecies, 29 varieties, 5 forms and 2 hybrids. The planted species were 16 taxa including Ginkgo biloba, Cedrus deodara, Zea mays and so on. In this study, 309 taxa were identified, including Selaginella rossii, Cyrtomium falcatum, Cephalanthera falcata and so on. The rare plants were 4 taxa including Hololeion maximowiczii(EN), Ottelia alismoides(LC), Iris ensata Thunb. var. spontanea(LC) and Sagittaria trifolia(DD). All rare plants were found in Jangsan Wetland. The Korean endemic plants were 9 taxa including Populus × tomentiglandulosa, Hemerocallis hakuunensis, Hosta minor and so on. The floristic target species were totally 53 taxa, which were 2 taxa of grade IV, 11 taxa of grade III, 6 taxa of grade II and 34 taxa of grade I. The alien plants were 58 taxa including Rumex crispus, Ipomoea purpurea, Helianthus tuberosus, Vulpia myuros and so on.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.9-16
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• 2022

The relevance of the topic is determined by the existence of inconsistencies between economic and environmental aspects of innovative development of urban logistics infrastructure, as well as the conflict of public, state and private commercial interests in this issue. The purpose of the article is to determine the principles and effective tools for innovative development of urban logistics infrastructure, taking into account pandemic constraints. The influence of the environmental aspect on the dynamics of transport flows was analyzed in detail and characterized, the scheme of determining the optimal solution for the development of the city was proposed considering the compromise between economic and ecological interests of society, state and business entities. A scheme of innovative development of urban logistics infrastructure under pandemic constraints was also developed. Materials of the article are relevant for developers of city plans, managers of urban logistics infrastructure, employees of enterprises participating in transport and logistics markets, scientists, and doctoral students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.49-59
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• 2015

In this research, the connectivity status between natural environment (forests and rivers) and urban parks in view of ecological networks in a city is evaluated and on the basis of these evaluation results, a future connectivity enhancing recommendations are suggested. As a result, the 96.8% of the connectivity role of the neighborhood parks were core or connected parks and as in terms of the ecological pattern on the outer park, 84.1% of the case neighborhood parks were connected to the ecological element at least one side. Therefore, it can be expected to play a role as corridor that enables the direct connection with the natural environment if the connection plan is well established. As a result of connectivity evaluation of the parks, inside of the parks had low ecological element overall and had low connectivity, outside of the parks had 1.5 times more of low connectivity parks than high connectivity parks, and had similar disconnections such as facilities(fence, soundproof walls, breast walls, etc.), developments(roads, apartment complexes, industrial complexes, etc.), or poor greens regardless of the neighborhood with the ecological elements. To increase the connectivity of ecological network, the cities already built shall secure primarily green territory where can connect with the isolated park due to the surrounding with the developing areas and when planning for new cities or residential complexes, it shall establish a connection plan with the nearby at the beginning.