• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2005

본 논문은 납 오염토에 대한 정회를 목적으로 EK 기법을 적용할때 기존의 EK 기법의 한계성을 극복하고자 향상기법으로써 흡착재(Apatite, Zeolite)를 이용하여 중금속의 고정화를 시도하였다. EK 추출을 위해서 우선 납에 대한 흡착능 실험을 실시하였고 오염농도, 전압조건, 가동시간 등을 달리하여 납이온을 흡착재 설치 위치로 이동시켜 고정화를 유도하였다. 그 결과 설험 조건에 따라 오염물의 이동 특성이 달라 정화 효율에 차이가 있었으며 전극교환과 흡착재의 설치 위치의 추가로 고정화 효율을 증진시켜 시료의 전 구간에서 미국 EPA의 TCLP 용출기준을 만족시킬 수 있었다. 특히 인회석의 흡착 고정화 능력은 탁월한 것으로 판명되어 EK 향상기법으로써 흡착재의 적용 기능성을 확인하였다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2015

In this study, land farming and chemical oxidation of a diesel-contaminated site is compared to evaluate the environmental impact during soil remediation using the Spreadsheet for Environmental Footprint Analysis by U.S. EPA. Each remediation process is divided into four phases, consisting of soil excavation, backfill and transportation (Phase 0), construction of remediation facility (Phase 1), remediation operation (Phase 2), and restoration of site and waste disposal (Phase 3). Environmental footprints, such as material use, energy consumption, air emission, water use and waste generation, are analyzed to find the way to minimize the environmental impact. In material use and waste generation, land farming has more environmental effect than chemical oxidation due to the concrete and backfill material used to construct land farming facility in Phase 1. Also, in energy use, land farming use about six times more energy than chemical oxidation because of cement production and fuel use of heavy machinery, such as backhoe and truck. However, carbon dioxide, commonly considered as important factor of environmental impact due to global warming effect, is emitted more in chemical oxidation because of hydrogen peroxide production. Water use of chemical oxidation is also 2.1 times higher than land farming.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.22-36
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• 2022

Cadmium is a class 1 carcinogen classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and has a high potential for leaching into groundwater. Therefore, it is necessary to address cadmium contamination by employing adequate treatment methodologies. Although various methods have been suggested to reduce cadmium in groundwater, their applications often suffer from various limitation arising from heterogeneous field conditions and technical difficulties. In this work, several in-situ technologies to treat cadmium contaminated groundwater were reviewed and discussed by separately addressing physicochemical, chemical and biological methods. In particular, the optimum cadmium remediation strategies that involve physical removal of source area → physicochemical and chemical remediation → biological remediation were proposed by considering reduction efficiency, adsorption rate, economic feasibility and ease of field application in groundwater.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2017

Although various methods have been investigated for treatment of crude oil contaminated soil, more researches are still required to preserve soil environment. This study investigated the potential utility of subcritical water in remediation of crude oil contaminated soil under various experimental conditions including temperature ($150-300^{\circ}C$), flow rate (1.0-2.0 mL/min) and extraction time (60-120 min). The removal rate of crude oil gradually increased with increasing temperature and time. After treatment at $200^{\circ}C$ and $300^{\circ}C$ for 60 min, the remaining concentration of crude oil met the Kuwait standard clean-up level (10,000 mg/kg) and the Korean standard level (2,000 mg/kg), respectively. The removal efficiency of crude oil increased from 77.8% to 88.4% with increasing extraction time from 60 to 120 min at $250^{\circ}C$. A decreasing rate of oil removal was observed as flow rate increased, possibly due to channeling flow occurred within the soil body at higher flow rate condition. Overall, the results revealed that subcritical water extraction process could be feasible for remediation of crude oil contaminated soil, and the relative effect of parameters on the oil removal was in the order of temperature > time > flow rate.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2002년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.67-70
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• 2002

Remediation of groundwater contaminated with chlorinated organics, nitro aromatics, and heavy metals using zero valent iron (ZVI) filings has paid considerable attention in recent years. When the contaminants of high concentration leaked abundantly in subsurface environment, permeable reactive barrier technology using iron filing is taken a long time for the remediation of contaminated groundwater, The problem of contaminant shock is able to be solved using surfactant (hexadecyltrimethylammonium, HDTMA) modified bentonite (SMB) as immobilizing material. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to develop the combined remediation technology using conventional permeable reactive and immobilizing barrier for the enhanced decontamination of chlorinated compounds. Four column experiments were conducted to assess the performance of the mixed reactive materials with Ottawa sand, iron filing, and HDTMA-bentonite for trichloroethylene (TCE) removal under controlled groundwater flow conditions. TCE reduction rates with sand/iron filing/HDTMA-bentonite were highest among four column due to dechlorination of TCE by iron filing and sorption of TCE by SMB.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1481-1484
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• 2006

In this study, glucose and glutamate (copiotrophic conditions) were used to enrich electrochemically active bacteria (EAB) in a microbial fuel cell (MFC). The enriched population consisted primarily of ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria (36.5%), followed by Firmicutes (27%) and O-Proteobacteria (15%). Accordingly, we compared our own enrichments done under many different conditions with those reported from the literature, all of which support the notion that electrochemically active bacteria are taxonomically very diverse. Enrichments with different types and levels of energy sources (fuels) have clearly yielded many different groups of bacteria.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2012

The objectives of this research were to study the applicability and limitations of permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for the removal of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) from the groundwater. PRB column tests were conducted using reactive material with Moringa Oleifera Mass - Bentonite (Mom-Bentonite). Most of the PCE in the groundwater was degraded and/or captured (sorpted) in the zone containing activated material (MOM-Bentonite). The removal rate of PCE from the groundwater was 90% and 75% after 30 days and 180 days, respectively. The effect of micro-organisms on the long-term permeability and reactivity of the barrier is not well understood. MOM-Bentonite PRB system in this research has the potential to be developed into an environmentally and economically acceptable technology for the in situ remediation of PCE-contaminated groundwater.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.315-327
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• 2010

A vast increase of antibiotics usage in concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) over the last few decades has led to an environmental risk due to the presence of antibiotic residuals in different environmental compartments. Especially in Korea, the use of antibiotics in CAFOs is much greater than in other developed countries. One of the primary adverse impacts of antibiotic residuals in the environment is that they readily produce antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB), which exert detrimental effects on the ecosystem as well as human health. In this article, the impacts of veterinary antibiotic residuals with regard to their quantification and management, and desirable remediation technologies have been widely reviewed. This review article concluded that the continuous monitoring should be required to ensure the safety of antibiotic residuals in the surrounding environments. Furthermore, the management guidelines of antibiotic residuals need to be developed in the future.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.637-642
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• 2005

The focus of this study was to examine the phosphorus removal characteristic by zirconium mesoporous structured material synthesized on various conditions. The zirconium sulfate-surfactant mesoporous structured material(ZS) was synthesized by hydro-thermal synthesis. The material has regular hexagonal array of surfactant micelles and sulfate ion ($HSO_4{^-}$). We confirmed that sulfate ion in zirconium mesoporous structured material can be ion-exchanged with phosphate ion ($H_2PO_4{^-}$) in phosphoric acid solution. On the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of ZS, three peaks which shows the important characteristics of hexagonal crystal lattice were observed at (100), (110) and (200). The transmission electron micrograph (TEM) show high crystallization with pore size about $47{\AA}$. The maximum adsorption capacity of ZS was as great as 3.2 mmol-P/g-ZS. From the adsorption isotherm, correlation coefficients were higher for the Langmuir isotherm than the Freundlich isotherm. With the respect of chain length of surfactant, the adsorption capacity for phosphate synthesized with C12 was higher than C16 and C18. The highest amount of adsorbed phosphate on ZS was observed at the surfactant-to-zirconium molar ratio of 0.5 to 1.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 1996년도 국제환경심포지엄
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• pp.43-67
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• 1996