• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.10B
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• pp.981-987
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• 2009

Recently, the study on wireless body area network for providing ubiquitous healthcare services has been actively done, including the standardization of the IEEE and others. Wireless body area network is usually configured in tree format using multi-hop communication mode due to the power limitation and the characteristics of human body. In this case, differently from existing sensor network, the wireless body area network tends to be disconnected due to the frequent movement of human body. The number of connections which can be supported at each node has some limitations due to the constraint imposed on power consumption. In this paper, we have proposed a heuristic algorithm for optimal selection of parent node with guaranteed QoS for a disconnected node, which considers the priority on packet transmission. Simulation has been performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.5 no.3 s.17
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• pp.83-89
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• 2005

This paper provides the results of the investigation on the optimum topology of simply supported deep beam structures with multi-point load cases. In this study, the strain energy to be minimized is considered as the objective function and the initial volume of structures is used as the constraint function. The resizing algorithm based on the optimality criteria is adopted to update the hole size existing inside the material. In this study, the sensitivities of topology optimization parameters to the optimum topology of the deep bean structures is investigated and also the effect of filtering process on the optimum topology is thoroughly tested. From numerical tests, the optimum topology of the deep beam is closely related with the optimization parameters used in the iteration and the filtering process play important role in order to find the optimum topology of the deep beam.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.202-208
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• 2015

A wireless ship area network is required to configure and control various sensors and electrical instruments embedded or boarded in a ship. In such environment, wireless communication protocol adopting relaying function is needed because direct link or communication between two nodes is hardly guaranteed due to spatial constraints in a ship. In this study, we introduce and analyze a WiMedia Distributed MAC (D-MAC) based approach considering throughput and energy constraint of wireless communication module. Performance evaluation results demonstrate that the relay-based wireless communication protocol improves reliability of wireless communication network in a ship.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.266-274
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• 2009

An abdominal aortic aneurysm occurs most commonly in older individuals (between 65 and 75), and more in men and smokers. The most important complication of an abdominal aortic aneurysm is rupture, which is most often a fatal event. An abdominal aortic aneurysm weakens the walls of the blood vessel, leaving it vulnerable to bursting open, or rupturing, and spilling large amounts of blood into the abdominal cavity. surface modeling is very useful to surgery for quantitative analysis of abdominal aortic aneurysm. the 3D representation and surface modeling an abdominal aortic aneurysm structure taken from Multi Detector Computed Tomography. The construction of the 3D model is generally carried out by staking the contours obtained from 2D segmentation of each CT slice, so the quality of the 3D model strongly defends on the precision of segmentation process. In this work we present deformable model algorithm. deformable model is an energy-minimizing spline guided by external constraint force. External force which we call Gradient Vector Flow, is computed as a diffusion of a gradient vectors of gray level or binary edge map derived from the image. Finally, we have used snakes successfully for abdominal aortic aneurysm segmentation the performance of snake was visually and quantitatively validated by experts.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.141-147
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• 2019

In this paper, a systematic beam splitter design for multi-beam forming is proposed. The objective of this research is to a design beam splitter that splits and focuses scattering microwaves into intense beams in multiple directions. It is difficult to split multi-beam to non-specific directions with theoretical approaches. Therefore, instead of using transformation optics(TO), which is a widely used process for controlling electromagnetic wave propagation, we used a systematic design process called the phase field design method to obtain an optimal topological structure of beam splitter. The objective function is to maximize the norm of electric field of the target areas of each direction. To avoid island structure and obtain the structure in one body, volume constraint is added to the optimization problem by using augmented Lagrangian. Target frequency is set to X-band 10GHz. The optimal beam splitter performed well in multi-beam forming and the transported electric energy of target areas improved. A frequency dependency test was conducted in the X-band to determine effective frequency range.

• Composites Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.66-73
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• 2009

Total thickness, areal density and mass moment of inertia of materials are important material factors for structural characteristics. In this work, a material-structural optimization was performed up to the maximum ballistic limit of multi-layered composite structures under high impact velocity followed by the investigation of the influence of these factors on an impact absorption performance. A unified model combined with Florence's and Awerbuch-Bonder's models was used in optimizing the multi-layered composite structure consisting of CMC, rubber, aluminum and Al-foam. Total thickness, areal density and mass moment of inertia were used for the optimization constraint. As shown in the results, the ballistic limit determined from a newly developed unified model was closely similar to the finite clement analysis. Additionally, the ballistic limit and impact absorption energy obtained by the optimized structure were improved approximately 16.8% and 26.7%, respectively comparing with a not optimized multi-layered structure.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2006

A Principal component analysis (PCA)-based Mel-Frequency Discrete Wavelet Coefficients (MFDWC) feature Parameters for speaker verification system is Presented in this Paper In this method, we used the 1st-eigenvector obtained from PCA to calculate the energy of each node of level that was approximated by. met-scale. This eigenvector satisfies the constraint of general weighting function that the squared sum of each component of weighting function is unity and is considered to represent speaker's characteristic closely because the 1st-eigenvector of each speaker is fairly different from the others. For verification. we used Universal Background Model (UBM) approach that compares claimed speaker s model with UBM on frame-level. We performed experiments to test the effectiveness of PCA-based parameter and found that our Proposed Parameters could obtain improved average Performance of $0.80\%$compared to MFCC. $5.14\%$ to LPCC and 6.69 to existing MFDWC.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.985-994
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• 2007

Small hydropower is the one of the cleanest one among new and renewable energy with less green house gas emissions. Recently, the necessity of developing small hydropower is emerging since its remaining potential resources in this country are abundant. However, a survey or research on the small hydropower development has been hardly performed since the 1990#s. These circumstances encourages a systematic approach for the small hydropower development. The purpose of this study is to propose a methodology of the location analysis for developing small hydropower. To this end, constraint and location criteria with weights are established and quantification method of each factor is presented. Especially, the analysis procedure is established on the basis of GSIS. Also the study focus on raising the objectivity and precision of analysis by developing system model with automatic search. The proposed methodology is applied to Bochung stream in Keum Riverbasin. The result selects the four and two locations of dam type and run-of-river type respectively. This study will be beneficial to the future activation of small hydropower development as a fundamental work.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.457-479
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• 2013

Through a Chinese rise, Chinese dream is actualizing as the world's great power. According to outlook of World Bank and IMF, Around 2030 China will be a great power bigger than America's economic power. The rise of China will give a huge impact to the whole world. China expands her influence through a global manufacturing base and a global market. To actualize 'Peaceful Rise' Strategy, China has many constraints. Chinese society is facing many difficult social problem due to side effects of a rapid development. Such as the spread of corruption, the severity of wealth gap, environmental degradation and energy shortage. Internationally there are containment from hegemon so-called 'China threat' dispute, Taiwan issue and territorial disputes. Western countries are hostile to China for two reasons. Based on expectations, one is China's socialist system and the other is the rising China which will compete for supremacy with Europe and America. Recent emergence of Chinese nationalism and the containment of the neighboring countries are also serious limiting factors. Domestically they have the rampant corruption in the bureaucracy, weakened capacity of Communist rule, wealth disparity due to the discriminatory economic development strategy, seriousness of rural problem, social instability, lack of social security systems and the development gap between the eastern coastal areas and western inland areas, ethnic minorities problems, the constraint of sustainable development issues due to lack of resources, environmental pollution and energy constraints. Like the former Soviet Union, China may face a dismantlement. After the rise, China may encounter possibilities of a war between great powers or a collapse of Chinese society caused by deepening internal conflict. Serious economic polarization would make peasants and urban workers, who are social vulnerable people, to turn their back to communist party and threaten the justification and the appropriateness of the ruling communist party. Chinese government will think internal system security threat is more formidable risk factor than a system security threat from the hegemon. The decline of great country comes from internal reasons rather than external reasons. To achieve peaceful rise, unification with Taiwan is an essential prerequisite. Taiwan issues are complex problems which equipped with international and domestic factors. Lack of energy resources, environmental pollution in China will bring economic crisis to Korean enterprises. Important influence to Korean economy will be a changeover of the method in economic development. It will turn the balance of investment and consumption, GDP-centered growth to consumption and environment-centered growth. Services industries including finance, environment, culture, education, health care and social welfare will grow. Change in China's growth model will give a great challenge upon the intermediate goods industry in Korea. Korea should reduce the portion of machinery, automotive, semiconductor, steel and chemical-centered export industry to China, and should increase the proportion of the service industry.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.345-358
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• 2021

This study focuses on the development of the liquid air production process that uses LNG (liquefied natural gas) cold energy which usually wasted during the regasification stage. The liquid air can be transported to the LNG exporter, and it can be utilized as the cold source to replace certain amount of refrigerant for the natural gas liquefaction. Therefore, the condition of the liquid air has to satisfy the available pressure of LNG storage tank. To satisfy pressure constraint of the membrane type LNG tank, proposed process is designed to produce liquid air at 1.3bar. In proposed process, the air is precooled by heat exchange with LNG and subcooled by nitrogen refrigeration cycle. When the amount of transported liquid air is as large as the capacity of the LNG carrier, it could be economical in terms of the transportation cost. In addition, larger liquid air can give more cold energy that can be used in natural gas liquefaction plant. To analyze the effect of the liquid air production amount, under the same LNG supply condition, the proposed process is simulated under 3 different air flow rate: 0.50 kg/s, 0.75 kg/s, 1.00 kg/s, correspond to Case1, Case2, and Case3, respectively. Each case was analyzed thermodynamically and economically. It shows a tendency that the more liquid air production, the more energy demanded per same mass of product as Case3 is 0.18kWh higher than Base case. In consequence the production cost per 1 kg liquid air in Case3 was $0.0172 higher. However, as liquid air production increases, the transportation cost per 1 kg liquid air has reduced by $0.0395. In terms of overall cost, Case 3 confirmed that liquid air can be produced and transported with $0.0223 less per kilogram than Base case.