• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.44-47
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• 2001

Semen were collected from 9 male dogs and frozen by liquid nitrogengas. Frozen semen were thawed at 7$0^{\circ}C$ for 8 seconds. About $2{\timss}10^8$ sperm per insemination were inseminated to 10 bitches (3 Retrievers, 4 Chihuahuas, 1 Yorkshire Terriers, 1 Maltese, and 1 Poodle) at three and six days after the estimated peak of luteinizing hormone. For small breed dogs, uretero-renoscope (Kahl Storz, Germany, 12.5 Fr) was used for trans-cervical insemination, whereas cystoscope(Kahl Storz, Germany, 22Fr) was used for large breeds (Retrievers). Pregnancy was diagnosed by ultrasonography at 30 days after insemination. All of 3 Retrievers (100.0%) and 3 bitches of 7 small breed dogs (42.9%) were conceived (60.0% in total). This result indicated that trans-cervical insemination using endoscope is an effective method for AI with frozen semen not only for large breed dogs such as Retriever but also for small breeds.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.142-145
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• 2002

In order to develop a self-propelled microendoscope, the frictional resistance of the capsule-type endoscope inside the intestine should be understood. In this work the frictional resistance behaviors of capsules with different designs were experimentally investigated using a pig intestine. It was found that cylindrical capsule design had the least frictional resistance. Also, the resistance increased as the speed of the capsule motion was decreased. It is expected that the results of this work will be used to design the optimum propulsion system for the microendoscope.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.222-226
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• 2007

We suggest the fluorescence endoscope system that has light source apparatus providing selectable white or excitation light. White light source generates normal color images and is easily switched over to excitation light with the wide spectrum range from 380 nm to 580 nm. 5-ALA is deposited selectively in the abnormal tissue like cancer and causes fluorescence in the red spectrum range when excited by blue spectrum range. In addition, the others of excitation light make the color background image by reflected light to allow accurate orientation and visualization of the abnormal tissue and around. According to clinical studies, the fluorescence intensity contrast that defines the fluorescence intensity of lesion over the fluorescence intensity of around has more than 2 in tumour. Proposed system is useful and objective way in early diagnosis. Furthermore, it can be used in the biopsy for tumour classification at the highest fluorescence intensity point.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.854-857
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• 2001

At present, colonoscopy is performed by means of quite long and flexible endoscopes and controlled manually. Although the flexibility of the distal tip allows the endoscope to follow the tortuous path of the colon, the insertion of the endoscope requires the endoscopist to exert forces on and to perform rotations of the proximal end; these actions cause discomfort to the patient. Though self-propelling colonoscopic systems has been suggested to overcome these problems, it is difficult to pass through highly curved regions of the intestine. In this paper, we introduce a steering mechanism for a self-propelling coloinlscope, the smart capsule, which has three actuator units. The mechanism is designed not only to move forward and backward but also to pass through the curved regions. We derived the governing equations of this mechanism. Active movements and motion control are developed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.362-365
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• 1997

In the field of Micro-Mechanics, it has been known diffcult to integrate the micro-machine with sensor and source line for the conventional copper line cnanot be used in compact and small size. We developed a system to make thethin copper film as a connect line on the poyurethane pipe (2mm in diameter) by the evaporation technique. This system consists of an evaporation chamber two long branches, substrate hoider and a Linear-Rotary motion feed feedthrough. The results showed that thin copper film coated polyurethanc pipe could be applied th the small medical devices such as the micro active endoscope.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.22 no.8 s.173
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• pp.57-63
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• 2005

Development of a locomotive mechanism fer the capsule type endoscopes will largely enhance the ability to diagnose disease of digestive organs. In connection with it, most of researches have focused on an installable locomotive mechanism in the capsule. In this paper, it is introduced that the movement of a capsule type endoscope in digestive organ can be manipulated by magnetic force produced outside human body. Since the magnetic force is provided by permanent magnets, no additional power supply to the capsule is required. Using a robotic manipulator for locating the external magnet, the capsule motion control system can cover the whole human digestive organs. This study is particularly concentrated on dither motion effect to improve the mobility of capsule type endoscope. It was experimentally found out that the friction coefficient between the capsule and digestive organ can be remarkably reduced by superposing yawing or rolling dither motion on the translatory motion. In this paper, the experimental results obtained with the direction, amplitude and frequency of sinusoidal dither motion changed is reported.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.174-177
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• 2001

Previously, we used a rigid bronchoscope in removal of endotracheal granulation tissue and foreign body. But these method has poor visual field and difficulty in handling of the instruments, therefore there were restriction in removing the endotracheal granulation tissue and foreign body. Recently we underwent one case each of endotracheal granulation tissue and foreign body causing dyspnea and removed them by right angled forceps under visualization via nasal rigid endoscope inserted through the tracheal stoma. We suggest this method for removal of tracheal foreign body, granulation tissue and excision of tumorous condition in patients with tracheocutaneous fistula.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.555-557
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• 2012

We report an uncommon case of a 45-year-old woman who presented with spontaneous rhinorrhea. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the head revealed an abnormally large sphenoid sinus associated with a parasellar bony defect (Sternberg's canal) through which magnetic resonance imaging could detect an encephalocele of the right temporal lobe. An endoscope-assisted trans-sphenoidal approach was performed and, with the aid of image guided surgery, reduction of the encephalocele was obtained and followed by surgical repair of the dural and bony defects. The postoperative course was uneventful and the cerebrospinal fluid fistula was closed as confirmed by the postoperative CT scan and by the absence of rhinorrhea. After three years of monitoring the patient remained asymptomatic.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1998 no.11
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• pp.102-103
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• 1998

Various Endoscope Video System have been introduced and used at wide fields in our country. But this system doesn't have fuction available for recording of Video and Audio data at a time. So many problems were caused by this point, like loose of data accuracy, time and manpower consumption for re-editing prodedure and so on. For solving these problems, we made and modified some systems considering economical and practical aspects and tried to lift up efficiency of clinical usage.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06b
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• pp.289-294
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• 2001

The two prototypes of a Wheel Type Locomotive Mechanism Using Micro motor for a Capsule-Type Endoscope are outlined and realized. Basic concept of these mechanisms is to use a rod-shaped wheel, with which these mechanisms can go over the haustral folds inside colon. The actuator of Prototype I is geared dc motor and the actuator for steering is Shape Memory Alloy. Prototype I goes through the whole area of colonoscopy training model. Prototype II can not only go forward and backward, but also be steerable with 2 geared dc motors. Prototype II goes through dead pig colon.