• The Journal of Information Systems
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.63-85
• /
• 2023

Purpose According to a recent survey, more than 90% of customers make purchase or use decisions for their products and services, primarily based on word-of-mouth(WOM) information (reviews, recommendations, ratings, etc.). However, few studies have explored what factors influence user's WOM intention in the context of OTT service. To address this gap, this study investigates the antecedent factors of WOM intention by adopting stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory and pleasure arousal dominance (PAD) theory as a theoretical basis. Design/methodology/approach The research model consists of stimulus factors (diversity of original content, aesthetics, interactivity, personalization quality), emotional factors (pleasure, excitement, dominance), and behavioral factor (WOM intention). The research hypothesis was tested using the survey data collected from OTT service users of 305. Findings The result reveals that diversity of original content significantly affects on pleasure and arousal whereas it is not associated with dominance. Findings indicate that aesthetics positively influences pleasure, and interactivity is not associated with arousal. It is also proven that personalization quality has a positive effect on dominance. In addition, pleasure, arousal, and domination are proven to be positively and significantly related to WOM intention.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.304-309
• /
• 2000

For understanding the information processing in human brain, we analyze the EEG, a spontaneous electric activity on the scalp of the human. In this paper, we used the mutual information to analyze EEG. The mutual information is used to show the stochastic correlation between signals which are generated in the communication and information theory. The used EEG is evoked by each auditory stimulus in positive and negative emotional states. As a result, we found thet there is some difference at the mutual information in each emotional state.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.94-102
• /
• 2018

It is known that gamma-band activity (GBA) and phase synchrony (GBPS) are induced by emotional visual stimuli. However, the characteristics of GBA and GBPS according to different emotional states have not been identified. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in gamma-band neuronal synchronization induced by positive and negative emotional visual stimuli using electroencephalograms (EEGs). Thirteen healthy male subjects have participated in the experiment. The induced spectral power in gamma-band was the highest for negative stimuli, and the lowest for neutral stimuli in 300-2,000 ms after the stimulus onset. The inter-regional phase synchronization in gamma-band was increased in 500-2,000 ms, mainly between the bilateral frontal regions and the parieto-occipital regions. Larger number of significant connections were found by negative stimuli compared to positive ones. Judging from temporal and spatial characteristics of the gamma-band activity and phase synchrony increases, the results may imply that affective visual stimuli cause stronger memory encoding than non-emotional stimuli, and this effect is more significant for negative emotional stimuli than positive ones.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.29-43
• /
• 2003

This study examined the difference in memories for emotional stimuli. After giving participants the memory task instruction that they should remember the given stimuli, the emotion-induced photographs and the neutral photographs were presented. To minimize the possibility to regulate the expressions of their mood which induced by emotional stimuli and to find out whether the antecedent-focused emotion regulation process would damaged the memory of emotional stimuli in men, participant's memory was measured directly after the presentation of each photograph by free reflection method. Also Sex differences in memories about emotional and neutral stimuli were measured and compared. Women memorized stimuli more than men, and as expected, women remembered more about the emotional stimuli than neutral ones. The analysis of sex difference about central and peripheral features indicated that women remembered central features of emotional stimulus more than those of neutral ones, but that men had no difference between central features of emotional stimuli and those of neutral ones. These results showed that men's damaged memories of emotional stimuli were caused by the antecedent-focused emotion regulation process.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.593-604
• /
• 2011

This study examines potential growth and different perspectives on green-walls, which are being re-evaluated recently. The aim is to identify the viewer preferences concerning the walls by collecting a wide spectrum of information to create an interior design related comprehensive and intellectual database. Also based on this proposition, choosing a green surface of indoor wall as a specific example stimulus, identifying a relationship betweeationsviewer's preference factors. The relationship will formulate detailed and absolute qualities, which will reach potential areas that the green walls can be widely applied in. As a result of a factor analysis, the viewers classified into the 3 factors as is pleasant, gorgeous and rich about the stimulus. Preferred key factors, which are closely related to emotional image language, were; cool, tidy, comfortable and beautiful. The common factors in preferred design stimulus, in order of importance are color>elements>image/form/plants. Specific levels of design factors according to relevance are contrast>furniture> modern>central/creeper foliage plants. In the meantime, this study is leading the process of quantitative measurement of green-walls to a new design direction and it is critical to consistently experimenting to back up the theory with solid evidence.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.163-170
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to verify the emotional response of user to LED light colors in healing bed system in cypress tree. Eight colors of LED light were provided including red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet and white. And three illumination color temperature were provided including 3,000K, 5,000K, 8,000K. Seven subjects in their twenties were involved without the medical history of eyes and heart disorders. The subjects were exposed to LED lighting during 5 minutes and their emotional response was evaluated through the following: first, at the physiological effect heart rate variability(HRV) was measured during the stimulation; second, at the emotion level the subjects were asked about lighting color and color temperature through a survey. Results, lower color temperature of 3,000K and green color shows high value on HRV. We have found that there is a difference of physiological and emotion level effect depending on color stimulus. This study could be applied to reference data to analysis of a decrease in fatique and charges of brain waves for color stimulus.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.427-435
• /
• 2012

The aim of this study is to investigate facial temperature changes induced by facial expression and emotional state in order to recognize a persons emotion using facial thermal images. Background: Facial thermal images have two advantages compared to visual images. Firstly, facial temperature measured by thermal camera does not depend on skin color, darkness, and lighting condition. Secondly, facial thermal images are changed not only by facial expression but also emotional state. To our knowledge, there is no study to concurrently investigate these two sources of facial temperature changes. Method: 231 students participated in the experiment. Four kinds of stimuli inducing anger, fear, boredom, and neutral were presented to participants and the facial temperatures were measured by an infrared camera. Each stimulus consisted of baseline and emotion period. Baseline period lasted during 1min and emotion period 1~3min. In the data analysis, the temperature differences between the baseline and emotion state were analyzed. Eyes, mouth, and glabella were selected for facial expression features, and forehead, nose, cheeks were selected for emotional state features. Results: The temperatures of eyes, mouth, glanella, forehead, and nose area were significantly decreased during the emotional experience and the changes were significantly different by the kind of emotion. The result of linear discriminant analysis for emotion recognition showed that the correct classification percentage in four emotions was 62.7% when using both facial expression features and emotional state features. The accuracy was slightly but significantly decreased at 56.7% when using only facial expression features, and the accuracy was 40.2% when using only emotional state features. Conclusion: Facial expression features are essential in emotion recognition, but emotion state features are also important to classify the emotion. Application: The results of this study can be applied to human-computer interaction system in the work places or the automobiles.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 2008

I Previous scrolling-shooter games cannot represent various emotions of characters as a personality and situations, so it can only represent simple and momentary emotions. This paper purpose to develop and applying an artificial emotion which gives emotional responses and actions to character as a personality and situations of a character. So we proposed an artificial emotion that receives emotional stimulus, analyzes what emotion will be generated, controls various emotions by a personality and time, and exports a current emotion. To visualize and to test an artificial emotion, We made a scrolling shooter game which has two characters who have a different personality each other. And we applied an artificial emotion to that game, modified it to be able to change status as emotions. To estimate a satisfaction of a artificial emotion for a scrolling-shooter game, we made up a question to two groups-one has people who likes a scrolling shooter game, the other has people who doesn't.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.139-156
• /
• 2016

This study uses S-O-R framework to examine the relationships among consumers' perception of economic benefits, usefulness, privacy risks, switching cost, and emotions and continued intention usage. Results from an online survey of 324 qualified respondents were analyzed using the structural equation model. The results of the survey showed that first, perceived economic benefits and perceived usefulness has a positively effect on consumers' positive emotions. Second, perceived privacy risks have a negative effect on consumers' positive emotions. Third, perceived usefulness has a negative effect on consumers' negative emotions. Fourth, perceived switching cost has a positive effect on consumers' negative emotions. Fifth, consumers' positive and negative emotions have an effect on continuous usage intention. Sixth, consumers' positive and negative emotions have a mediating effect. The S-O-R model can explain consumer's continued intention to use mobile payment services. The study analyzed the emotional elements of mobile payment services. Emotional elements through mobile payment services can be applied to other financial services. Therefore, this study can guide emotional related practices with various future consumer electronic services.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
• /
• v.1997 no.05
• /
• pp.176-178
• /
• 1997

We are exposed to the various types of external stimuli, and many researches have been conducted to analyze the emotional changes to the stimuli quantitatively. In this paper, changes of human emotion was studied by analyzing HRV from ECG signals which were varied by the auditory stimulus. Power contents for each frequency bands were calculated from HRV waveforms. Two peak values representing autonomic nervous system status, HF and LF, were used to extract the parameters. An analysis on the normalized HF/LF to the subjective rating of the subject were performed. It was assumed that the positive emotional changes evoked by the auditory stimuli, the HF values representing activation of the parasympathetic nervous system, are increased much higher than the LF values, activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Results showed that the parasympathetic nervous system works more actively than the sympathetic nervous system to the stimuli which cause the positive emotional changes.