• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.1
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• pp.48-53
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of $NO_3{^-}$ and $NH_4{^+}$ on the adventitious root growth and eleuthroside synthesis of Eleutherococcus senticosus during 3 L-bioreactor culture. The change of medium component ratio was also measured during culture. The fresh weignt of adventitious root reached to the greatest level of 24.4g FW/L in the presence of 50 mM $NO_3{^-}$ and 10 mM $NH_4{^+}$, representing 3.4-fold increase compared to the 60 mM $NH_4{^+}$. However, as the increase of the portion of $NH_4{^+}$, the root growth was decreased. Maximum eleutheroside B and E1 production were $249{\mu}g/g$ and $43{\mu}g/g$, respectively, with 30 mM total nitrogen source. The maximum production of eleutheroside E were $788{\mu}g/g$ with 120 mM total nitrogen source. The greatest weight of adventitious root increased up to 6.2 fold of inoculum size within 9 weeks. The change of pH was influenced from 4.81 to 6.35 and the amounts of $NH_4{^+}$ and $K^+$ were decreased during culture periods. From these results we suggest, need further study of various treatment to increase the growth of biomass and the accumulation of useful secondary metabilites.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.166-172
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• 2005

In order to prepare liqueur of Acanthopanax koreanum, changes in major constituents by soaking below 0.5 cm size dried sample 700 g in 10 l of $15{\sim}95%$ spirit solution for 70 days were investigated. Color b was increased according to lower ethanol concentration and longer soaking periods. Extract was increased gradually with soaking periods, and the content was $0.6{\sim}0.7%$ (w/v) with stem, $1.0{\sim}1.5%$ (w/v) with root. Eleutheroside B and E were extracted rapidly within 20 days of soaking, moreover were increased according to ethanol concentration within 15% to 70%. Acantoic acid was extracted rapidly $2.8{\sim}22.6\;{\mu}g/ml$ with stem, and $560{\sim}1,700\;{\mu}g/ml$ with root within 5 to 10 days. For preparation of liqueur of Acanthopanax koreanum, it is necessary to soak more portion of dried root with $60{\sim}80%$ ethanol concentration for $30{\sim}50$ days, and then to blend after aging for 13 weeks.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.148-154
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to select compounds for the standardization of fermented Kalopanax pictus Nakai (KP-F), to develop the analysis method using HPLC-PDA and to perform method validation. KP-F is a fermented powder developed to improve the original physiological activities and create a new functionality. Eleutheroside E, Acanthoside B, and Syringaresinol were selected as the standard compounds and developed our own method for simultaneous analysis. The analyte was isolated using C18 column with a gradient elution of 0.05 M phosphoric acid in water and methanol as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and detected at 210 nm. As a result, all standard compounds showed good linearity with an $R^2$ (coefficient of correlation) of 1.000 and for the limit of detection range of $0.710{\sim}0.831{\mu}g/mL$, and the limit of quantification as $2.150{\sim}2.520{\mu}g/mL$. The precision was RSD (%) of less than 4.80%, while the accuracy was 4.70%>RSD (%) for the range 102.44~110.48%. In conclusion, the developed analysis method is suitable for the detection of Eleutheroside E, Acanthoside B, and Syringaresinol in KP-F.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2010

Fruit wine from Acanthopanax sessiliflorus(A. sessiliflorus) including many pharmacological components was manufactured and its functional properties were investigated. The fruit part of A. sessiliflorus contained 75.74${\pm}$0.49%(w/w) moisture, 12.51${\pm}$1.23%(w/w) crude protein, 4.20${\pm}$0.51.%(w/w) crude fat and 5.21${\pm}$1.64%(w/w) crude ash. Minerals of fruit were potassium(12.94${\pm}$0.08 mg/g), calcium(1.53${\pm}$0.06 mg/g) and magnesium(1.12${\pm}$0.05 mg/g). Initial soluble solid and fermentation temperature were 24-30$^{\circ}$Brix and 20${^{\circ}C}$ for manufacturing fruit wine from A. sessiliflorus. When initial soluble solid of a must was adjusted to more than 30$^{\circ}$Brix, ethanol production was suppressed slightly. The polyphenol content of the fruit wine fermented at 20${^{\circ}C}$(125.24${\pm}$1.86 mg/mL) was higher than those at 25${^{\circ}C}$(99.69${\pm}$2.11 mg/mL) and 30${^{\circ}C}$(95.55${\pm}$1.54 mg/mL). Electron donating activities of wines fermented at 20, 25 and 30${^{\circ}C}$ were 85.9${\pm}$2.3, 55.7${\pm}$2.5 and 55.2${\pm}$3.4%, respectively. The content of eleutheroside B increased up to 146.58${\pm}$4.10 $\mu$g/mL during fermentation. There was no significant effect of fermentation temperature on eleutheroside B content. The fruit part of A. sessiliflorus can be used as a valuable resource for development of nutraceutical foods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.411-418
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• 2014

Three mushroom mycelia, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium erinaceum, and Phellinus linteus, were separately diluted with the natural culture media Acanthopanax senticosus. Solid-state fermentation was used to produce three different A. senticosus-fermented mushroom mycelium groups: G. lucidum mycelia, H. erinaceum mycelia, and P. linteus mycelia. The resulting mycelia were analyzed to assess their efficacies as health functional foods. Optimized fermentation conditions were determined by considering the density and growth speed of mycelia in each A. senticosus-fermented mushroom mycelium group. The cultured mushroom mycelia under the optimized conditions were extracted using water and 70% ethanol. Extraction was followed by filtration, concentration and freeze-drying to produce extract powder of A. senticosus-fermented mushroom mycelia: Water extracts (FM-5111, FM-5121, and FM-5131) and 70% ethanol extracts (FM-5112, FM-5122, and FM-5132). Analysis of extract powder of A. senticosus-fermented mushroom mycelia was performed using the maker compounds eleutheroside B and eleutheroside E. Analysis of ${\beta}$-glucan contents was performed by enzymatic procedures.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.106-110
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• 2004

The antioxidant activities of Acanthopanax senticosus stems were evaluated in $CCl_4$-intoxicated rats. The n-butanol fraction from the water extract of the stems, when pretreated orally at 200 mg/kg/day for 7 consecutive days in rats, was demonstrated to exhibit significant increases in antioxidant enzyme activities such as hepatic cytosolic superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase by 30.31, 19.82 and 155%, respectively. The n-butanol fraction whereas showed a significant inhibition of serum GPT activity (65.79% inhibition) elevated with hepatic damage induced by $CCl_4$-intoxication. Eleutheroside B, a lignan component, isolated from the n-butanol fraction was found to cause a moderate free radical scavenging effection DPPH, its scavenging potency as indicated in $IC_{50}$ value, being 58.5$\mu$ M. These results suggested that the stems of A. senticosus possess not only antioxidant but also hepatoprotective activities.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2023

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the total phenolic content of Korean Acanthopanax senticosus stems harvested in different seasons and provide basic data for developing functional reinforcement products based on the optimal harvesting time. Methods: Each sample harvested in different seasons was extracted and concentrated twice for 2 hours using 70% ethyl alcohol. Phenolic compounds were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography for simultaneous multi-component analysis of 14 compounds, including syringaresinol and so on. Results: The results showed that the stem of Korean Acanthopanax senticosus harvested in winter (November 29th) (EAS-5) had the highest phenolic content of 1.038%. The stem of Korean Acanthopanax senticosus harvested in autumn (October 1st) (EAS-4) showed the second-highest phenolic content of 0.764%, followed by the stem of Korean Acanthopanax senticosus harvested in spring (February 2nd) (EAS-1) with a content of 0.390%. On the other hand, the stem of Korean Acanthopanax senticosus harvested in the summer (June 2nd) (EAS-3) showed the lowest content at 0.342%. In conclusion, the stem of Korean Acanthopanax senticosus harvested in winter (EAS-5) showed the highest phenolic compound content. Conclusions: Considering the extraction yield and the total phenolic content, as well as the concentrations of key functional components such as eleutheroside B, chlorogenic acid, and syringaresinol in the 70% ethyl alcohol extract of Korean Acanthopanax senticosus, it is suggested that the stems of Korean Acanthopanax senticosus harvested during the winter season are suitable for the development of novel materials with enhanced anti-obesity functionality.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.324-329
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• 2011

Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim. has been successfully used as an oriental medicine for various diseases including allergic disorders. Histamine is a major factor on various allergic responses and it is reported that histamine was released from mast cells by sensitization of allergens. In this study, ethanol extracts from E. senticosus Maxim. were prepared and the composition was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The eleutheroside B as a primary effective component of E. senticosus was contained approximately 225 mg/kg in root bark extracts. The extracts were found to significantly inhibit compound 48/80-induced histamine release form mast cells in dose dependent manner. However the extracts had low cytotoxicity on the mast cells with MTT assay. These results showed that E. senticosus Maxim. extracts may be the effective materials on inflammatory disorders.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.199.3-199.3
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• 2003

Acanthopanacis Cortex (Acanthopanax sessiliflorum, Araliaceae, KP VIII), an important Korean medicinal herbal drug, has been widely used as tonic, anti-stress and immuno-enhancing drugs. To monitor the contents of active ingredients (acanthoside D[=eleutheroside E], eleutheroside B, isofraxidin, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid) in Acanthopanax sp., we developed the HPLC analysis method and validated. The simultaneous determination of five active ingredients was achieved in a C$\sub$18/ column with an acetonitrile water (containing 1 % phosphoric acid) (15 : 85) mobile phase. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.200.2-200.2
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• 2003

Six compounds were isolated from the stems of Acanthopanax senticosus (Araliaceae). Their structures were elucidated as iso-fraxidin, H-sesamin, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, eleutheroside B, eleutheroside E and an unknown compound by spectral analysis. Of them, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was isolated for the first time from A. senticosus.