• 센서학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.240-245
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• 2007

AlN thin film for SAW filter application was deposited on (100) silicon, sapphire, $Si_{3}N_{4}$/Si, and $Al_{2}O_{3}$/Si substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering method, respectively. The structural characteristics were dependent on the structure of substrates. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) have been used to analyze structural properties and preferred orientation of AlN thin films. Preferred orientation and SAW characteristic of AlN were improved by insertion of $Al_{2}O_{3}$ buffer layer. Insertion loss of SAW devices using AlN/Si and AlN/$Al_{2}O_{3}$/Si were about 33.27 dB and 30.20 dB, respectively.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.467-472
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• 1998

Gray mold rot of perilla was epidemic at Kangdong, Pusan and Miryang, Kyungnam in 1997 and 1998. The incidence of this disease ranged form 21.3 to 68.1% at Kangdong area. Leaf necrosis initially appeared on the edge of the infected leaves, and it was developed to the center of the leaves forming typical V-shaped brown necrotic lesions. Under high moisture condition, abundant mycelia of the pathogen was formed on the surface of the lesions. Infected stems became slender and were completely blighted up to the top of the plant. Two isolates, LVF12 and SD7, were isolated from diseased lesions showing typical symptoms, and the pathogenicity was tested using mycelial disks and conidial suspension inoculation. The developed symptoms were same as the naturally produced ones. These two pathogenic fungi were identified as Botrytis cinerea based on the morphological characteristics using a microscope and a scanning electron microscope, and cultural characteristics. This is the first report of gray mold or perilla in Korea.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.278-283
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• 2012

This investigation evaluated the effect of cavitation condition on electrochemical characteristics of 304 stainless steel, which is widely used for marine environment. The cavitation test with time were conducted on 304 stainless steel in seawater solution. Surface morphologies of specimen were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and 3D microscope. Pitting depth, weight loss and damage rate were analyzed after each cavitation experiment. The surface damage was more severe as the current density increased. A dramatical increase in the damage depth and weight loss was observed after 7 hours of cavitation experiment.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.492-497
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• 2017

In this study, we investigated the effect of thermal aging on mechanical characteristics of Inconel 600 nickel-based alloy. The thermal aging was conducted up to 1000 hours at an atmosphere of $650^{\circ}C$. The microstructure of thermally aged specimens was investigated by an optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). In addition, tensile test (strain rate: 2 mm/min) and micro Vickers hardness test were conducted to evaluate mechanical properties with time. As a result of the experiment, Cr-rich carbide continuously precipitated during thermal aging, leading to the change of the mechanical characteristics and fracture mode. With the increase of aging time, tensile strength, yield strength, and hardness gradually decreased. The fracture mode changed from ductile to brittle with the increase of grain boundary carbide.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.904-909
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• 2019

$100^{\circ}C$에 소성한 인듐 아연 산화막 (IZO)을 이온빔 처리하여, 균일할 수평 액정 배향을 구현하였다. 유리 기판 위에 코팅된 IZO 박막을 $100^{\circ}C$에 소성하고 액정 배향 기술로 이온빔을 사용하였다. 이것을 이용하여 얻어진 액정 배향의 특성을 분석하기 위해서, 편광 현미경과 결정 회전법을 사용하였다. 또한 이온빔 처리된 IZO 박막을 이용하여 만든 액정 셀이 높은 품질의 액정 소자에 충분한 열적 안정성을 가진다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 전계방출 주사 전자 현미경을 이용하여 이온빔의 IZO 박막의 표면에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이것을 통하여 이온빔이 IZO 박막 표면의 거칠기를 변화시키고, 액정 배향에 영향을 준다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 IZO 박막으로 제작한 액정 셀의 전기-광학 특성을 측정하였다. 그리고 이것이 기존에 사용되는 러빙법 처리된 폴리이미드 박막으로 제작한 액정 셀보다 뛰어난 특성을 가진다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 액정 고정 에너지를 측정하여 이것이 균일한 액정 배향을 구현하기 위한 적합한 특성을 가진다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.539-550
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• 2012

In-depth knowledge of fabric microstructure is essential for understanding clothing comfort since it plays a significant role in heat and mass transfer between the human body and clothing. In this study, a novel method was employed for investigating 3D surfaces and solid construction characteristics of specific fabrics by using a reverse engineering technique. The surface construction data were obtained by a confocal laser scanning microscope and then manipulated by a 3D analysis program. Triangle mesh was used for connecting each 3D point, with clouds and fabric surface characteristics created by rendering techniques. For generating a 3D solid model, determinants of radius of curvature was used. According to the proposed method, actual surface expression of the real fabric was achieved successfully. The results from this methodology can be applied to the detailed analysis of clothing comfort that is highly influenced by the microstructure of the fabric.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.634-639
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• 2001

We investigated the etching characteristics of chromium films by using Cl$_2$/O$_2$ gas mixtures with electron cyclotron resonance plasma. In order to examine the chemical etch characteristics of Cr films by using Cl$_2$/O$_2$ gas plasma, we obtained the etch rate with various gas mixing ratios. By X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the surface reaction on the chromium films during the etch was examined. From narrow scan analyses of Cr, Cl, and O, it was confirmed that a chromium oxychlorie (CrCl$_{x}$O$_{y}$) layer was formed on the surface by the etch using Cl$_2$/O$_2$ gas mixtures. We observed a new characteristic emission line during the etch of chromium films using Cl$_2$/O$_2$ gas mixtures by an optical emission spectroscopy. It was found that the peak intensity of this emission line had a tendency compatible with the etch rate. The origin of this emission line was discussed in detail. At the same time, the etched profile was also examined by scanning electron microscope.e.e.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.1355-1362
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• 2018

In order to obtain a better understanding of the ageing process of the field composite insulators, it is necessary to explore a quantitative-valuation method for the aging state evaluation. And the linear relationship between volume resistivity and temperature is proposed. In this paper, the composite insulators with different lengths of operating lives from two manufacturers were tested. The relationship between trap characteristics and volume resistivity-temperature characteristics were analyzed based on Thermal Stimulated Current (TSC), volume resistivity-temperature test, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Furthermore, the application of trap characteristics in the quantitative evaluation of aging state of composite insulators was discussed. The results showed that there was a general negative correlation between the relative variation ratio of trap charges and the volume resistivity-temperature characteristics. Meanwhile, the physicochemical properties would change with the aging time, which would result in the increasing of electron traps. Combined with the TSC and volume resistivity test results, the trap characteristic thresholds which indicated the serious age of the composite insulators had been proposed.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.115-123
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• 1995

This study was carried out to observe the functional ultrastructures of photoreceptor cells in frog(Rana catesbeiana) retina using transmission electron microscope. The photoreceptor cells are divided into two types-rod and cone cells-consist of outer and inner segment. The long outer segment of rod cell contains dense stacks of membrane and formed vertical and horizontal folds. The outer segment of cone cell is small, and vertical and horizontal folds are not exist. The electron dense cytoplasm of rod cell contains compact mitochondria, Golgi complexes, and endoplasmic reticula. The inner segment of cone cell shows low electron density and contains a large lipid droplet in the upper part of inner segment. In addition, cone cell contains many mitochondria, Golgi complexes. rough endoplasmic reticula, ribosomes and numerous glycogen particles. It is believed that these ultrastructural characteristics are closely associated with photoreceptive function of photoreceptor cells in frog retina.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2017

Field electron emission measurements were performed on dielectric-coated tungsten emitters, with apex radii in the nanometer and micrometer range, which were prepared by electrochemical etching in NaOH solution. Measurements were performed in a field electron microscopy (FEM) with a base pressure <$10^{-6}$ Pascal ($10^{-8}$ mbar). Four different types of dielectric were used, namely: (1) Clark Electromedical Instruments epoxylite resin, (2) Epidian 6 produced by Ciech Sarzyna S. A., (3) a Radionox solution of colloidal graphite; and (4) Molyslip 2001 E compound ($MoS_2$ and MoS). Current-voltage measurements and FEM images were used to investigate the characteristics of these composite emitters, and to assess how the different types of dielectric coating affect the suitability of the composite emitter as a potential electron source.