• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2023

The main cause of solar facility fires is arc, and in the last 3 years ('16 to '18), about 80% of domestic solar facility fires have been caused by arcs. The capacity of solar power facilities installed around the world continues to increase, and fires caused by arcs are also expected to increase as the solar power generation facilities that were initially installed become obsolete, In this paper, an arc generation test was conducted based on the UL1699B test standard. As a result of the test, the arc generation satisfied the minimum arc current according to the test conditions, and DC arc characteristics were analyzed through data such as arc voltage and arc current according to variables such as speed of moving electrodes and electrode spacing.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.151-154
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• 2012

Background: The aim of this study was to document the optimal spacing of two cannulae to form continuous strip lesions and maximal surface area by using water-cooled bipolar radiofrequency technology. Methods: Two water-cooled needle probes (15 cm length, 18-gauge probe with 6 mm electrode tip) were placed in a parallel position 10, 20, 24, 26, and 28 mm apart and submerged in egg white. Temperatures of the probes were raised from $35^{\circ}C$ to $90^{\circ}C$ and the progress of lesion formation was photographed every 1 minute with the increase of the tip temperature. Approximately 30 photographs were taken. The resultant surface areas of the lesions were measured with the digital image program. Results: Continuous strip lesions were formed when the cannulae were spaced 24 mm or less apart; monopolar lesions around each cannula resulted if they were spaced more than 26 mm apart. Maximal surface areas through the formation of continuous strip lesion were 221 $mm^2$, 375 $mm^2$, and 476 $mm^2$ in 10, 20, and 24 mm, respectively. Summations of maximal surface area of each monopolar lesions were 394 $mm^2$ and 103 $mm^2$ in 26 and 28 mm, respectively. Conclusions: Water-cooled bipolar Radiofrequency technology creates continuous "strip" lesions proportional in size to the distance between the probes till the distance between cannulae is 24 mm or less. Spacing the cannulae 24 mm apart and treating about $80^{\circ}C$ for 24 minutes maximizes the surface area of the lesion.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.49-53
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• 2018

최근 유연 소자, 투명 소자, MEMS 소자와 같은 다양한 소자를 결합하는 시스템 집적화 기술이 많이 개발되고 있다. 이러한 다종 소자 시스템 제조 기술의 핵심 공정은 칩 또는 웨이퍼 레벨의 접합 공정, 기판 연삭 공정, 그리고 박막 기판 핸들링 기술이라 하겠다. 본 연구에서는 Si 기판 연삭 공정이 투명 박막 트랜지스터나 유연 전극 소재로 적용되는 산화주석 박막의 전기적 성질에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. Si 기판의 두께가 얇아질수록 Si d-spacing은 감소하였고, Si 격자 내에 strain이 발생하였다. 또한, Si 기판의 두께가 얇아질수록 산화주석 박막 내 캐리어 농도가 감소하여 전기전도도가 감소하였다. 얇은 산화 주석 박막의 경우 전기전도도는 두꺼운 산화 주석 박막보다 낮았으며 Si 기판의 두께에 의해 크게 변하지 않았다.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.316-323
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• 2011

대형 고분의 발굴 조사를 위한 전기비저항 탐사법의 적용 가능성을 시험하기 위하여, 나주 복암리 3호분에 대하여 3차원 전기비저항 탐사를 수행하였다. 높은 해상도의 지하구조 영상을 얻기 위해서는 고분의 정확한 지형 구조 및 전극 위치에 대한 정보 획득이 필수적이다. 이에 따라 문화재 발굴 조사에서 사용하는 방법인 실을 이용한 구획설정법을 응용하여 전극을 설치하였다. 탐사 자료는, 전극 간격은 2 m, 측선 간격은 1 m로 하여 얻었으며, 각 탐사 측선은 상대적으로 1 m 엇갈리게 배열함으로써 전체적으로 고분에 대하여 1 m ${\times}$ 1m 크기의 격자망으로 구성하였다. 탐사 자료에 대하여 3차원 전기비저항 영상화를 수행하고 이를 기존의 발굴 조사 결과와 대비하였으며, 이로부터 확인된 매장 유구 분포와 전기비저항 영상이 매우 잘 일치함을 확인하였다. 이 연구를 통하여 대형 고분에서 매장 유구를 조사할 때 3차원 전기비저항 영상화 기술이 매우 유용함을 밝혔다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.574-581
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• 2015

In this paper, the effect of high voltage current pulse against shaped charge jet was analyzed through the visualization of jet behavior using flash X-ray and comparison of depth of penetration(DOP) into RHA(Rolled Homogeneous Armor) witness plates. The behavior of jet particles has been acquired using a flash X-ray equipment when current pulse was applied into the metal jet of a shaped charge(SC) warhead. Typical results such as jet breakup and radial jet dispersion, which are due to electromagnetic pressure by current pulse, have been obtained. Dozens of penetration experiments using a shaped charge with 55 mm diameter were performed according to various combinations of major parametric variables such as electrode spacing, standoff distance from SC warhead to electrode, and charge voltage. Subsequently, interrelations between major parametric variables and DOPs into RHA were analyzed.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.110-114
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• 2001

2차 광상 성인에 의해서 형성된 미고결 역질층내에 배태되고 있는 금 광상이 분포하는 인도네시아 중부 칼리만탄의 타카오이 지역의 천부 지질정보 획득 및 탐사자료 특성 파악을 목적으로 물리탐사를 수행하였다. 사용된 물리 탐사법은 전기비저항탐사로서, 1999년 10월 15일부터 10월 27일 까지 수행하였다. 쌍극자 탐사는 전극간격 a=3m, 5m, 전극 전개수 n=10으로 5개 측선에 대하여, 수직탐사는 6개 지점에서 수행하였다. 취득된 자료들은 DIPRO와 SOUNDPRO 프로그램을 이용하여 처리$\cdot$해석하였다 자료해석 결과, 조사지역의 층서는 비교적 수평 층으로 분류할 수 있으며, 수직비저항 탐사자료 형태는 중간지층의 비저항 간이 높은 KH형을 보여주고 있다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1823-1826
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• 2002

The purpose of this experiment was to develope Triggered Vacuum Switch (TVS) for the high voltage and high current. The TVS has an array of rods of alternate polarity in which a fixed gap spacing is maintained between the rods. The cross section of each rod has trapezoidal shape. It consists of electrode, ceramic chamber, getter and trigger. Currently, triggered vacuum switch (TVS) with seal-off has been designed and fabricated at PAL. An experimentation and trigger devices for TVS were designed for testing characteristics of electricity. For making the prototype of TVS, it is developed of fabrication process and fined of electrode material. The fabrication of the TVS is a lot of process which have manufacturing of part, chemical clean, ceramic brazing and metal welding. The fabricated TVS is tested of leak for vacuum, hold-off voltage and conditioning of trigger system. The TVS has pinch-off after it is removed of gas in the TVS and activated of getter in degassing furnace. The prototype TVS tested about 20 kV, 75 kA, 83 ${\mu}s$ with 100 kJ capacitor bank and inductance 5 ${\mu}H$. This paper describes the results of tests and the characteristics of the switch.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2002

천열수 광상 함금석영맥이 도처에 발달하고 있는 인도네시아 중부 칼리만탄 타란 지역에서 천부 지질정보 획득(지질구조 및 광상분포 확인)을 목적으로 1999년 9월30일부터 10월27일 가지 28일간의 일정으로 자연전위탐사, In-suite 대자율 측정 및 전기 비저항 탐사법를 수행하였다. 자연전위탐사/in-suite 대자율 측정은 10m$\times$250m 간격으로 5개 측선에서, 쌍극자 탐사는 전극간격 ${\alpha}$=30 m, 전극배열 n=7으로 1개 측선에서 행하였다. 탐사결과. 한금 석영맥의 분포지역은 유화광물을 많이 포함하는(은, 아연 및 연의 광화작용)형태, 유화광물을 적게 포함하는(금 광화작용)형태 지역으로 분리 할 수 있다. 측선5에서 낮은 비저항값을 보여주는 구간은 파쇄대, 유화광물을 많이 포함하고 있는 구간을 의미한다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.863-871
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• 2013

Dielectric discharges are an emerging technique in environmental pollutant degradation, which that are characterized by the production of hydroxyl radicals as the primary degradation species. For practical application of the plasma reactor, reactor that can handle large amounts of water are needed. Plasma research to date has focused on small-scale water treatment. This study was carried out basic study for scale-up of a single DBD (dielectric barrier discharge) plasma reactor. The degradation of N, N-Dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline (RNO, indicator of the generation of OH radical) was used as a performance indicator of multi-plasma reactor. The experiments is divided into two parts: design parameters [effect of distance of single plasma module (1~14 cm), arrangement of ground electrode (single and multi), rector number (1~5) and power number (1~5)]; operation parameter [effect of applied voltage (60~220 V), air flow rate (1~5 L/min), electric conductivity of solution ($1.4{\mu}S/cm$, deionized water)~18.8 mS/cm (addition of NaCl 10 g/L) and pH (5~9)]. Considering the electric stability of the plasma reactor, optimum spacing between the single plasma module was 2 cm. Multi discharge electrodes - single ground electrode array was selected. Combination of power 3-plasma module 5 was the optimal combination for maximum RNO degradation. The optimum 1st voltage and air flow rate for RNO degradation were 180 V and 4 L/min, respectively. The pH and conductivity of the solution was not influencing the RNO degradation.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.7
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• pp.450-450
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• 2006

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) as pixels for flat panel displays are being actively pursued because of their relatively simple structure, high brightness, and self-emitting nature [1, 2]. The top-emitting diode structure is preferred because of their geometrical advantage allowing high pixel resolution [3]. To enhance the performance of TOLEDs, it is important to deposit transparent top cathode films, such as transparent conducting oxides (TCOs), which have high transparency as well as low resistance. In this work, we report on investigation of the characteristics of an indium tin oxide (ITO) cathode electrode, which was deposited on organic films by using a radio-frequency magnetron sputtering method, for use in top-emitting organic light emitting diodes (TOLED). The cathode electrode composed of a very thin layer of Mg-Ag and an overlaying ITO film. The Mg-Ag reduces the contact resistivity and plasma damage to the underlying organic layer during the ITO sputtering process. Transfer length method (TLM) patterns were defined by the standard shadow mask for measuring specific contact resistances. The spacing between the TLM pads varied from 30 to $75\;{\mu}m$. The electrical properties of ITO as a function of the deposition and annealing conditions were investigated. The surface roughness as a function of the plasma conditions was determined by Atomic Force Microscopes (AFM).