• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.35-41
• /
• 2017

We propose a novel multi-photodiode array (MPDA) based retinal implant IC with on/off stimulation strategy for a visual prosthesis with improved spatial resolution. An active pixel sensor combined with a comparator enables generation of biphasic current pulses when light intensity meets a threshold condition. The threshold is tuned by changing the discharging time of the active pixel sensor for various light intensity environments. A prototype of the 30-channel retinal implant IC was fabricated with a unit pixel area of $0.021mm^2$, and the stimulus level up to $354{\mu}A$ was measured with the threshold ranging from 400 lx to 13120 lx.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
• /
• 제52권12호
• /
• pp.708-716
• /
• 2003

The surface EMG signal detected from voluntarily activated muscles can be used as a control signal for functional electrical stimulation. To use the voluntary EMG signal, it is necessary to eliminate the muscle response evoked by the electrical stimulation and enable to process the algorithm in real time. In this paper, we propose the Gram-Schmidt(GS) algorithm and implement it in FPGA(field programmable gate array). GS algorithm is efficient to eliminate periodic signals like muscle response, and is more stable and suitable to FPGA implementations than the conventional least-square approach, due to the systolic array structure.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 2017

After 40 years of age, the saliva glands are aged and the saliva is not made enough to cause xerostomia symptoms. Side effects such as hypertension medication or diuretics that the elderly take mainly can cause xerostomia syndrome. In addition, autoimmune diseases, diabetes, anemia, depression and other common diseases that cause xerostomia symptoms. If the saliva secretion is insufficient, tooth decay and gum disease are likely to occur, and the digestive ability of the saliva is also reduced due to the lack of amylase, which is a digestive element. Once the degenerated salivary gland is restored to its normal state, it is difficult to recover. In this paper, we give electrical stimulation to the masseter which is in contact with the large pituitary gland, and stimulate the salivary gland to the utmost by using speech recognition using words corresponding to oral gymnastics. Use the STM32F407VG to implement a system to relieve xerostomia.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국산학기술학회 2012년도 춘계학술논문집 2부
• /
• pp.808-811
• /
• 2012

매년 높은 비율의 전기안전사고가 발생하지만 예방교육은 단순한 영상홍보나 단순 텍스트를 이용한 교육 수준에서 주입식으로 이루어지고 있다. 항공, 군사, 전력산업 등 다양한 분야에서는 가상현실을 이용한 체험형 교육 시스템이 개발되어 운영되지만 전기안전 예방교육은 감전사고와 같은 특수한 상황의 체험과 사고를 유발시킬 수 있다는 측면에서 체험형 교육시스템이 개발 및 적용이 어렵다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 전기감전 체험교육 시스템에 저주파 자극 장치를 사용할 수 있도록 저주파 간섭형 자극기를 이용한 인체 자극의 임계값 산출시험을 실시하고 대표적으로 성별, 연령별(아동 및 성인 구분)로 구분하여 적절한 자극값을 산출하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 전기안전사고 예방을 위한 체험형 예방 교육 시스템에 활용이 가능할 것이다.

• 전자공학회논문지
• /
• 제52권5호
• /
• pp.58-65
• /
• 2015

본 논문에서는 신경 관련 인공 전자기기를 위한 신경 자극 집적회로를 $0.18-{\mu}m$ 표준 CMOS 반도체 공정을 이용하여 설계하였다. 제안 된 신경 자극 회로는 12.8-V 전원을 사용하면서 $10-k{\Omega}$의 부하에 최대 1 mA의 전류까지 전달이 가능하다. 표준 CMOS 공정 기술로 구현을 위해서 저전압 트랜지스터만을 이용하여 설계를 하였고, 고전압에서의 안정적인 동작을 위하여 트랜지스터 스태킹 기술을 적용하였다. 또한, 신경 자극 동작 후 전하 잔여량이 남아 있지 않도록 active charge balancing회로를 포함하였다. 제안 된 단일 채널 자극 집적회로의 경우 디지털-아날로그 변환기, 전류 출력 드라이버, 레벨 시프터, 디지털 제어 부분, 그리고 active charge balancing 회로까지 모두 포함하여 전체 칩 레이아웃 면적은 $0.13mm^2$을 차지하며, 다중 채널 방식의 신경 자극 기능의 체내 이식용 인공 전자기기 시스템에 적용을 하는데 적합하다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제9권9호
• /
• pp.243-248
• /
• 2009

요통을 주소로 내원한 환자 74명(실험군 37명, 대조군 37명)을 대상으로 추나요법 중 점혈법이 요통환자의 통증감소에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위하여 시각적 상사척도(VAS)의 도구를 이용하여 전방굴곡, 전방굴곡 후 신전, 좌 우 측방굴곡시 각각의 통증정도를 측정하여 대조군(근피신경전기자극군)과 비교 실험하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS WIN 12.0 프로그램으로 이용하여 ANCOVA 검정을 하였다(p<0.05). 통증정도(VAS)는 실험군이 대조군 보다 실험 전 후 감소 정도가 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 실험군에서의 점혈법 실시 전 후 요통정도를 비교한 결과 전방굴곡에서는 실험군이 1.92정도 통증이 감소하였고, 전방굴곡 후 신전에서는 실험군이 2.22정도 통증이 감소하였으며, 우측굴곡에서는 실험군에서 1.23정도 감소하였고, 좌측굴곡에서는 실험군이 1.21정도 통증이 감소함을 보였다. 즉, 사전 통증정도를 모두 같게 고정을 한 후에 점혈법을 받은 실험군은 근피신경전기자극을 받은 대조군보다 통증정도가 유의하게 감소하였다.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.17-21
• /
• 2009

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analysis the effect of electrical stimulation for dysphagia caused by cerebral infarction. Methods : We recruited nineteen adults after cerebral infarction(14 male, 5 female; mean age, 69y) for our study. Electrical stimulation was used for participants with electrical stimulator connected to two pair of electrodes positioned on the neck for one hour a day and 5 times a week for 4 weeks. Maximum tolerated stimulation levels were applied at rest while participants held their mouth closed. Videofluoroscopic recordings, physical examination of swallowing, and swallow function score were used to evaluate swallowing state of participants. All evaluate items were evaluated before and after treatment. Results : There was no significance difference of swallowing stage. The swallow function score significantly increased from 1.8 to 5.3(p<0.001). Also, cough reflex(p<0.001), laryngeal excursion(p<0.01) were significantly reduced compared to before electrical stimulation. Conclusion : Therefore, electrical stimulation for dysphasia is proved effective as it activates the function of swallowing muscle.

• 대한통합의학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.181-187
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the activity of respiratory muscle and lung capacity during deep breathing with electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve. Methods: This study was conducted on 30 healthy adults in their 20s. Subjects were randomly performed to deep breathing or deep breathing with vagus nerve electrical stimulation. All subjects' diaphragm and internal oblique muscle activity were measured during deep breathing by electromyography, and lung capacity was measured by spirometry immediately after beep breathing. In the vagus nerve stimulation method, the surface electrode was cut into the left ear and then electrically stimulated using a needle electric stimulator. Results: The activity of diaphragm was significantly increased in deep breathing with vagus nerve electrical stimulation than in deep breathing. However, lung capacity did not show any significant difference according to the condition. Conclusion: Vagus nerve electrical stimulation could induce diaphragm activity more than deep breathing alone. Deep breathing with vagus nerve electrical stimulation may enhance the activity of the respiratory muscles and is expected to be an effective treatment for the elderly or COPD patients with poor breathing ability.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.57-72
• /
• 2003

This study conducts electrical stimulation to male white rat of Spargue-Dawley which is 7 weeks, has the weight of 240 g and is seemingly healthy for one or two weeks by means of neuromuscular electrical stimulator in order to examine the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on its gastrocnemius, measures change of weight of gastrocnemius, serum and enzyme activity and then obtains the following conclusions. There is little difference in AST and CPK of weight and serum of gastrocnemius after one or two weeks of conducting neuromuscular electrical stimulation in all experimental groups. On the one hand, as a result of histochemical observation, NMES I group showed hypertrophy of perimysium and increase of sectional diameter of muscle fiber compared to comparison group, but NMES II group showed a similar result to comparison group. When ultrasubstructure was observed under electron microscope, I-type muscle fiber of NMES I group showed well-arranged mitochondria and it was similar to comparison group. II-type muscle fiber showed a large quantity of glycogen granules within sarcoplasmatic and the extension of luminal of T-tubule. I-type muscle fiber of NMES II group had small mitochondria and showed the vacuolar degeneration of mitochondria and extended T-tubule. II-type muscle fiber showed the extension of agranule cytoplasma reticulum with T-tubule and the reduction of amount of glycogen granule within partial sarcoplasmatic.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.273-280
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of quadriceps setting exercise(N= 10) and electrical stimulation(N= 10) on improvement of quadriceps muscle strength. The experiment were performed for 6weeks. The subject of this study was 20 college students(male) who had not any medical problems. The quadriceps muscle strength was evaluated by make use of the KIN COM(Isokinetic dynamometer). The electrical stimulator was used to stimulate the quadriceps muscle. The results were as follows: 1. The mean increment ratio was 29.6% for concentric muscle strength and 36.4% for eccentric muscle strength after quadriceps setting exercise(p<0.05). 2. The mean increment ratio was 21.2% for concentric muscle strength and 24.3% for eccentric muscle strength after electrical stimulation, but did not significantly higher than pre-electrical stimulation In this study, we have found that quadriceps setting exercise on left side affect the improvement of the muscle strength in college students(male). However, electrical stimulation did not affect on the muscle strength.