• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.234-245
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• 2009

Nutritional assessment for the elderly can identify health status and morbidity. However, development of Nutritional Risk Index (NRI) remains limited for elderly because of difficulties in understanding physiological mechanism of elderly. This study was performed to analyze and develop Nutritional Risk Index for Korean elderly Women (Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index, GNRI). Based on literature review, factors for NRI were identified and indices were assessed by a cross-sectional survey. The survey involved Korean elderly women (${\geq}$60, n = 94) in Gwangju area, and sociodemographics, lifestyle characteristics, health conditions, dietary intakes based on 24h- recall, anthropometric measures (wt, ht, BMI, waist, hip, WHR, body protein, body fat, abdominal fat, and triceps skinfold thickness), and clinical biochemistry parameters (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, prealbumin, hemoglobin, hematocrit, fasting blood glucose, HbAlc, ferritin, Zn, Ca, Na, K, Vit E, Vit $B_{12}$, folate, C-reactive protein) were examined relation to nutritional risk index. Based on literature review and data analyses, three NRIs were categorized (NRI I, NRI II, NRI III) and used for further analysis. NRI I was related to having metabolic syndrome, NRI II was related to serum albumin and body weight, and NRI III was related to food habit and health concerns. Abdominal fat (%) of elderly was correlated with each NRIs. NRI II was correlated with nutritional deficiency and higher tendency of inflammatory response, and NRI III was correlated with nutritional status which tend to be lower on aging (protein, folate, Vit $B_{12}$). NRI can serve as a useful tools in assessing health risk and nutritional status. Some modification of items in NRI and validity study are need to apply to Korean elderly.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.119-129
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this qualitative study is to explore the health problems and coping experiences of middle-aged and elderly women in the community. Methods: A total of five focus group interviews were conducted with three groups of middle-aged and two groups of elderly women. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. Data were analyzed using the content analysis method. Results: Health problems were categorized as confusion caused by problems that are difficult to handle alone in the middle-aged group and suffering originated by confronting changes in roles and environment in the elderly group. The health problems included stress, suffering, anxiety and social withdrawal as subcategories for the middle-aged women, and the stress, sense of loss, fear, and limited social activities caused by their life events for the elderly women. Meanwhile, the contents of categories about coping were revealed as the beginning of care for the body and mind for healthy life in the middle-aged group and active practice with insight into a healthy lifestyle in the elderly group. While the middle-aged women focused on themselves, attempted changes and started to take care of themselves, the elderly women interacted with the outside world, hardened their mind, made efforts for a dignified death, and managed health by their own methods. Conclusion: There were differences in the experiences of middle-aged and elderly women in accepting their health problems and coping. Nursing interventions reflecting these findings can help to manage and promote the health of middle-aged and elderly women based on an integrated perspective.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.1015-1031
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• 2022

The objectives of this study were to classify the types of elderly households and to compare the characteristics of their dietary lifestyle. Panel data surveyed by Korea Rural Economic Institute (KREI) for Food Purchase Attitudes over three years (2019 - 2021) were utilized for the analysis. Through a factor analysis, five common factors were extracted out of 19 basic variables related to dietary style, which indicate two kinds of consumer competency index (safe diet, traditional diet) and three kinds of purchase frequency (healthy food, meat & fish, fresh seafood). Applying the cluster analysis method, by using socioeconomic variables along the five common factors, elderly households aged 60 or older were grouped into four types. As a result, Type 1 elderly households accounted for 50.8%, Type 2 for 16.2%, Type 3 for 27.8%, and Type 4 for 5.2% out of all 870 elderly households. Type 1 is characterized as a low-income vulnerable class with a poor diet, Type 2 as a middle-income class with a healthy food-oriented diet, whereas Type 3 was classified as a middle-income class with a meat-oriented diet, and Type 4 as a high-income class with diverse dietary culture. It is necessary to expand the agri-food voucher pilot project to the entire country and also increase the monthly subsidy for the Type 1 elderly households. Implementing community kitchen projects for elderly single-person households, promoting senior internships by providing incentives to companies that employ retirees, the provision of education by local governments on a safe and balanced diet for Types 2 and 3, and the promotion of an elderly-friendly social environment are also recommended.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.52-60
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of lifestyle modifications on the constipation relief, the time required to see the effects, and the effective lifestyles for constipation in older adults admitted to a geriatric hospital. Methods: Nonequivalent control group pre-post test design was used. The subjects consisted of 25 elderly in the control group and 23 in the experimental group. Constipation was measured with symptoms of constipation, number of bowel movement and use of laxatives. Life style modification consisted of drinking water before breakfast, having a breakfast, scheduled toileting after breakfast and walking everyday for 3 weeks. Results: Symptoms of constipation (t=2.23, p=.030) and number of bowel movement per week (t=-2.55, p=.014) were significantly different between two groups after 3 weeks. Drinking water, scheduled toileting and walking might contribute to the results. Conclusion: Lifestyle modification was effective on constipation in older adults admitted to a geriatric hospital. However, the effects were produced after 3 weeks. Nevertheless, it is recommended that nurses continuously encourage older adults for drinking water, regular trying for bowel movement and walking to relieve constipation, since the lifestyle modification does not need any special education and skill.

• CELLMED
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.3.1-3.3
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• 2018

The aim of this article is to argue that rhythm of janggu may have meaningful effects as a form of vitality for the elderly. Janggu is the most popular and soft pitched instrument in the percussion family in Korean music. It is warm and soft makes very deep and exquisite sounds. Janggu is a source of Korean national pride because of unique, manifestation of yin-yang five-elements represented in Korean music. The meaning and influence of rhythm in human is in essence and natural. This style paper is a course of happy life and a basic step toward in the world. Music therapy has been employed as a therapeutic intervention to facilitate healing across a many of clinical populations. A cheerful rhythm of janggu promotes the vitality of the elderly. This joining has contributed to the vitality, health improvement and the whole body for the elderly. Instead of visiting hospital, they sit in front of the janggu what could be better than a daily dose of exercise. Therefore, the author thinks this might help them forget their anxieties, this very moment, janggu music rhythm therapy lays the foundation of a more vital lifestyle.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.319-324
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• 2013

The old man has different characteristics than those which have ages. To experience a variety of different environments and has tendencies because. Therefore, all the old uniform to the progress of art therapy is not possible and when you feel the need for self-treatment is effective participation hayeoyaman looks. Art therapy through the medium of art to express the inner feelings that are kept on the image of the elderly because of the feelings that naturally help revealing, emotion plays a role in mitigating the crisis. Art therapy in the treatment of non-verbal means of means of self-defense, so receives less control is reduced. In addition, the opportunity to use art media sensation itself reduced stimulation of the elderly a sense of the way so you are valued as a very useful educational program.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.565-574
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• 2018

Previous studies have shown that forest therapy program can help prevent dementia. However, few studies have focused on low-income elderly people living alone. The current study examined the meanings that the elderly living alone receiving medical care assigned to the urban forest therapy program, as a way to understand the pathways that nature-based intervention affect preventing dementia. Twenty-one participants were recruited and they participated in a five-week urban forest therapy program. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 21 participants who experienced the urban forest therapy program, and analyzed qualitative data using thematic analysis. Results showed that all themes identified were related to connectedness with oneself, neighbors and nature. Awarenesses of change were consisted of positive and negative themes. The themes of positive awareness were improvements of mental and emotional condition, feelings of isolation and loneliness, and health-related lifestyle. The negative themes were terminations of short-term programs and inconvenient access to the urban forest. Based on these data, we suggest an urban green welfare framework for future research and interventions for preventing dementia of underprivileged elderly group.

• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.151-160
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• 2003

Out of the OECD countries, Korea is showing the fastest growth of elderly population. Taking into account the rate of increase of the elderly and average lifespan, we can deduct that the future society will be an elderly society . Therefore, the market in Korea targeted to this group will quickly increase into a large market. Leading nations already into the elderly society , have actively pursued studies into silver generation product design and compared to these countries, Korea is far behind them. There is an immediate need for a detailed overall study on the design of products used daily by the elderly, This study has based its focused on the elderly society and silver generation products and was accompanied by thorough interview research method through questionnaires. The result showed that the Korean elderly were very aware about silver generation industry. However, they Pointed out that there are many Problems regarding silver generation products. Therefore, a need for a new design reflecting more of the lifestyle of the elderly is required. Also, there is an immediate need for development of more comfortable products and a well-structured system that enables easy access to these products.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.141-150
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• 2020

This paper studies the activities characteristics of the elderly aged 60-75 years old who can take care of themselves in the community public space, and puts forward the design principles of the community public space in the aging society. Using the methodology of experience design, through naturalistic observation, questionnaires, interviews and shadowing, the spatial and temporal characteristics of daily activities of the elderly are analyzed. In the community public space, the behavior of the elderly is essentially a social activity to get more attention and communication. This determines the needs, time, frequency and duration of activities of the elderly in community public space. In the community public space, the behavior of the elderly has the characteristics of long-term and regularity, and its behavior changes slightly with the space, the objective factors that affect the elderly are gender, age and climate. The subjective factors are lifestyle, family members and income level.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.111-122
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• 2023

Objective : To identify the effect of lifestyle risk factors on the daily activities and cognition of the older adults in the community using the National Health Insurance Corporation 2015 geriatric cohort database. Methods : Lifestyle risk factors were defined as body mass index (BMI), smoking, drinking, vigorous exercise, moderate exercise, and walking, and basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADL) and cognitive function variables were included in the analysis. ADL and cognitive function according to sex and age were analyzed using a t-test and one-way ANOVA. The correlation between lifestyle risk factors, ADL, and cognitive function was analyzed using Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis was performed to analyze their influence. Results : The factors affecting basic ADL (BADL) were sex and walking exercises, with an explanatory power of 1.7%. Instrumental ADL (IADL) included age, drinking, and walking exercises, with an explanatory power of 2.6%. Cognitive function included sex, age, BMI, vigorous exercise, and walking, with an explanatory power of 5.3%. Conclusion : Lifestyle risk factors partially affected BADLs/IADLs and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults. This suggests the need to systematically manage lifestyle risk factors to improve and maintain the healthy lives of older adults facing biological aging.