• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2007

무한영역에서 진행하는 탄성파를 유한영역에서 수치적으로 해석하기 위해 많은 흡수경계조건들이 제안되어져 왔다. Paraxial 경계조건은 흡수경계조건의 하나로서 스칼라 및 탄성파 방정식의 paraxial 근사화를 통해 얻어지며, 그 성능이 우수하고 수치해석시 계산적 부담을 주지 않는다. 그러나 경계조건이 복잡한 편미분 방정식으로 표현되어 있어 유한요소해석으로의 적용이 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 penalty function method를 이용하여 전체 에너지 범함수와 paraxial 경계조건을 함께 변분정식화 함으로써 유한요소해석을 수행하였다. 유한요소해석에 가장 적용이 용이하며, 많이 사용되어지는 Lysmer-Kuhlemeyer의 흡수경계조건과 성능을 비교함으로써 연구결과의 타당성을 입증하였다.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.32-41
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• 1994

탄성파에 의한 미소 동적 변위를 측정하기 위하여 안정화 회로가 부착된 Michelson 간섭계를 개발하였다. 안정화 회로는 외부 진동신호에 따른 광로차의 교란을 보상하기 위하여 압전구동기가 부착된 기준거울을 사용하였다. 안정화 회로를 사용함으로써, 간섭계는 외부 진동신호의 영향을 줄일 수 있었고, 항상 직각조건(quadrature condition)을 만족하여 광검출기의 출력신호가 최대의 감도와 선형성을 유지할 수 있었다. 검출가능한 최소 변위는 10MHz 대역에서 0.3nm 이었다. 개발된 간섭계를 사용하여 유리관 파괴 및 강철구 충격에 의한 진앙점에서의 변위를 검출하여 이론적으로 계산된 값과 비교하였다.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.471-479
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• 2022

In this paper, vibrational attributes of double-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been studied based upon nonlocal elastic shell theory. The implication of small scale is being perceived by establishing nonlocal Love shell model. The wave propagation approach has been operated to frame the governing equations as eigen value system. The comparison of local and nonlocal model has been overtly explored by means of scaling parameter. An appropriate selection of material properties and nonlocal parameter has been considered. The influence of changing mechanical parameter Young's modulus has been studied in detail. The dominance of end condition via nonlocal parameter is explained graphically. The results generated furnish the evidence regarding applicability of nonlocal shell model and also verified by earlier published literature.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.587-614
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• 2014

In recent years the interest in online monitoring of lightweight structures with ultrasonic guided waves is steadily growing. Especially the aircraft industry is a driving force in the development of structural health monitoring (SHM) systems. In order to optimally design SHM systems powerful and efficient numerical simulation tools to predict the behaviour of ultrasonic elastic waves in thin-walled structures are required. It has been shown that in real industrial applications, such as airplane wings or fuselages, conventional linear and quadratic pure displacement finite elements commonly used to model ultrasonic elastic waves quickly reach their limits. The required mesh density, to obtain good quality solutions, results in enormous computational costs when solving the wave propagation problem in the time domain. To resolve this problem different possibilities are available. Analytical methods and higher order finite element method approaches (HO-FEM), like p-FEM, spectral elements, spectral analysis and isogeometric analysis, are among them. Although analytical approaches offer fast and accurate results, they are limited to rather simple geometries. On the other hand, the application of higher order finite element schemes is a computationally demanding task. The drawbacks of both methods can be circumvented if regions of complex geometry are modelled using a HO-FEM approach while the response of the remaining structure is computed utilizing an analytical approach. The objective of the paper is to present an efficient method to couple different HO-FEM schemes with an analytical description of an undisturbed region. Using this hybrid formulation the numerical effort can be drastically reduced. The functionality of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by studying the propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in plates, excited by a piezoelectric patch actuator. The actuator is modelled utilizing higher order coupled field finite elements, whereas the homogenous, isotropic plate is described analytically. The results of this "semi-analytical" approach highlight the opportunities to reduce the numerical effort if closed-form solutions are partially available.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2018

이 논문에서는 스펙트럴 요소법과 외연적 시간적분법을 이용해 SH파의 전파 거동을 계산하는 수치해석 기법을 제시한다. 2차원 영역에서의 탄성파 해석을 위해 해석영역을 유한 영역으로 한정하고 파동이 반사되지 않도록 수치적 파동흡수 경계조건인 perfectly matched layer(PML)를 도입하였다. PML이 포함된 시간영역 파동방정식의 유한요소해법을 위해 스펙트럴 요소법을 적용하였고 Legendre- Gauss-Lobatto 수치적분법을 사용하여 질량행렬을 대각화하였다. 2차 미분방정식 시스템의 파동방정식을 1차 미분방정식 시스템으로 변환하였고 병렬화를 통한 탄성파 해석 성능의 최적화를 위해 외연적 시간적분법인 4차 Runge-Kutta 방법을 이용해 해석영역에서의 변위응답을 계산하였다. 2차원 해석영역에서 SH파의 전파 거동을 계산하는 수치예제를 통해 제시한 외연적 스펙트럴 요소법의 정확성을 검증하였고 PML로 인한 반사파의 감쇠효과를 확인하였다. 외연적 시간적분법을 통한 탄성파 해석 기법은 3차원 영역과 같은 대규모 문제에서의 탄성파 수치해석을 효율적으로 수행할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제13권3B호
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• pp.73-82
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• 1999

In this research, an experimental study is presented to check the possibilities of offshore structures monitoring using AE techniques. The underwater transducer and preamplifier are fabricated. And, it is proved that this unit can be used for the detection of AE in offshore structures. Wave propagation studies have shown that supplementary attenuations due to seawater are significantly reducing the detection range of the sensors. It excludes the possibility of offshore structures monitoring with a small number of sensors. We conclude that AE waves would be correctly detected for a path of about 3m. Tubular joints have been tested in air and underwater using simulated elastic wave. Ability of AE techniques to detect and locate cracks early in their evolution has been demonstrated. Several parameters of AE generation have been set in evidence. It has also been shown that crack development goes with an increase of AE parameter. Conclusively, it is shown that AE techniques can provide practical alternatives to present methods being used for inspection of deep-water offshore structures undergoing structural degradation due to fatigue crack growth.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제71권5호
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• pp.577-601
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• 2019

The paper investigates the influence of the rheological parameters which characterize the creep time, the long-term values of the mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials and a form of the creep function around the initial state of a deformation of the materials of the hollow bi-layered cylinder on the dispersion of the flexural waves propagated in this cylinder. Constitutive relations for the cylinder's materials are given through the fractional exponential operators by Rabotnov. The dispersive attenuation case is considered and numerical results related to the dispersion curves are presented and discussed for the first and second modes under the first harmonic in the circumferential direction. According to these results, it is established that the viscosity of the materials of the constituents causes a decrease in the flexural wave propagation velocity in the bi-layered cylinder under consideration. At the same time, the character of the influence of the rheological parameters, as well as other problem parameters such as the thickness-radius ratio and the elastic modulus ratio of the layers' materials on the dispersion curves, are established.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.469-483
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• 2012

인체 연조직에서 기계적인 진동의 전달 특성은 조직의 탄성 특성에 의존한다. 연조직의 진동 특성으로부터 암이나 종양을 진단할 수 있기 때문에 진동의 전달 특성에 대한 연구는 중요한 의미를 가진다. 이 논문은 연조직의 표면에 위치하는 여러 형태의 응력 진동원에 의해 연조직 내에 발생되는 변위 패턴을 분석하고 비교하였다. 진동원으로는 수직하중, 접선하중, 그리고 면외전단하중이 고려되었다. 점탄성 단일층에서의 변위에 대한 이론적 표현식을 구하였고, 수치계산은 반공간 및 무한평판조직에서 수행되었다. 그리고 유한크기조직에서의 변위패턴을 유한요소법으로 시뮬레이션하였다. 응력 형태, 진동원 크기 및 주파수, 그리고 경계면이 변위에 미치는 영향이 분석되었다.

• 소음진동
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.156-166
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• 2001

This work uses tensor calculus to derive a complete set of three-dimensional field equations well-suited for determining the behavior of thick shells of revolution having arbitrary curvature and variable thickness. The material is assumed to be homogeneous, isotropic and linearly elastic. The equations are expressed in terms of coordinates tangent and normal to the shell middle surface. The relationships are combined to yield equations of motion in terms of orthogonal displacement components taken in the meridional, normal and circumferential directions. Strain energy and kinetic energy functionals are also presented. The equations of motion and energy functionals may be used to determine the static or dynamic displacements and stresses in shells of revolution, including free and forced vibration and wave propagation.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.25-36
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• 1989

This essay is a general review of the application of ultrasonic NDE techniques to the performance assessment and characterization of composite materials. A brief review of ultrasonic input-output characterization of a composite plate by shear waves is presented. A theoretical development of ultrasonic wave propagation in isotropic and anisotropic media excited, respectively, by a circular transducer and an oscillatory point source is summarized. Some experimental results are described in which ultrasonic velocity and attenuation measurements give insight into material degradation of fatigued composite laminates. Ultrasonic determination of the elastic constants of a composite plate and an experimental attempt at ultrasonic testing of an isotropic plate containing a crack are also included. A recent effort for the characterization of viscoelastic materials using the ultrasonic NDE technique is outlined. Finally, the reliability of ultrasonic NDE is briefly touched upon.