• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.310-323
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• 1990

A three-noded, with three degree-of-freedom at each node, in-plane curved beam element is formulated and employed in eigen-analysis of constant curvature beam. The conventional quadratic shape functions used in a three noded C .deg. type curved beam element produce such an undesirable large stiffness that a significant error is introduced in displacements and stresses. These phenomena are called 'Stiffness Locking Phenomena', which result from spurious strain energy due to inappropriate assumptions on independent isoparametric quadratic interpolation functions. Stiffness locking phenomena can be alleviated by using modified interpolation functions which get rid of spurious constraints of conventional interpolation functions. Eigenvalues and their modes as well as displacements and stresses may be locked because they are related to stiffness. Using modified curved beam element in eigenvalue problem of cantilever and arch, the property and performance of modified curved beam element are examined by numerical experimentations. In these eigen-analyses, mass matrices are calculated by using both modified and unmodified curved beam element, are compared with theoretical solutions. These comparisons show that the performance of the modified curved beam element is better than that of the unmodified curved beam element.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.733-751
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• 2007

The metis element method (Hung 1978) has been applied to analyse free edge interlaminar stresses and delamination in composite laminates, which are subjected to extension and bending. The paper recalls Lekhnitskii's solution for generalized plane strain state of composite laminate and Wang's singular solution for determination of stress singularity order and of eigen coefficients $C_m$ for delamination problem. Then the formulae of metis displacement finite element in two-dimensional problem are established. Computation of the stress intensity factors and the energy release rates are presented in details. The energy release rate, G, is computed by Irwin's virtual crack technique using metis elements. Finally, results of interlaminar stresses, the three stress intensity factors and the energy release rates for delamination crack in composite laminates under extension and bending are illustrated and compared with the literature to demonstrate the efficiency of the present method.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제2권
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• pp.53-60
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• 1982

A strain gage relief technique was used to determine the magnitude and directions of a virgin principal stresses, but the values measured in the same borehole are always not consistent. This paper has shown the use of the eigen analysis to achieve precise and reliable principal stress from measured values. The best fit stress ellipsoid to the data has been obtained through consideration of direction cosine of each principal stress.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2021

In this research paper, the free vibrational response of laminated composite plates is investigated using a non-polynomial refined shear deformation theory (NP-RSDT). The most interesting feature of this theory is the parabolic distribution of transverse shear deformations while ensuring the conditions of nullity of shear stresses at the free surfaces of the plate without requiring the Shear correction factor "Ks". A fourth-nodded isoparametric element with four degrees of freedom per node is employed for laminated composite plates. The numerical analysis of simply supported square anti-symmetric cross-ply and angle-ply laminated plate is carried out using a special discretization based on four-node finite element method which four degrees of freedom per node. Several numerical results are presented to show the effect of the coupling parameters of the plate such as the modulus ratios, the thickness ratio and the plate layers number on adimensional eigen frequencies. All numerical results presented using the current finite element method (FEM) is presented in 3D curve form.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제9권4호통권33호
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• pp.659-672
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• 1997

합성 박스형 교량의 비선형 온도분포로부터 유발되는 열응답(thermal response)은 여러 변수들의 영향을 받는다( 기상조건, 재료상수, 교량의 위치 및 방향, 단면형상 등). 본 논문에서는 계절, 교량의 위치 및 방향, 단면형상 그리고 몇 가지 재료특성치의 변화가 합성 박스형 교량의 축변형 곡률 및 응력에 미치는 영향 파악을 위해 매개변수해석을 수행하였으며, 이 해석을 수행하기 위한 2차원 시간 종속적 유한요소모델에 대해 간략히 언급하였다. 먼저, 매개변수들이 하루동안의 곡률 변화에 미치는 영향에 대해 고려하고, 최대 곡률을 나타내는 시간의 합성 박스형 단면의 은도 및 응력분포에 미치는 영향에 대해 고려하였다. 최종적으로, 이 매개변수들의 변화가 온도에의한 축변형, 곡률 및 응력의 일최대값에 미치는 영향에 대해 고려하였다. 온도에의한 영향은 경우에따라서는 사하중이나 활하중이 구조물에 주는 영향만큼 클 수 있고 또한 강합성교의 설계시 바닥판 콘크리트 슬래브와 강재들보와의 온도차를 $10^{\circ}C$로 가정하고, 동시에 온도의 분포가 콘크리트 슬래브단면과 강재들보단면에서 일정하다고 가정하고 구한 온도응력은 실제 온도하중의 영향을 과소평가할 수 있다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.27-35
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• 1991

본 연구는 직선변이 단순지지, 원호변이 단순지지 및 고정지지 조건을 갖는 원통 panel을 해석하는 방법을 제시하였고 진동 및 좌굴에 관한 특성을 규명한 것이다. 초기응력을 받는 원통 panel을 지배하는 미분방정식은 Love-Timoshenko의 기초식을 이용하여 유도하였으며 이 미분방정식을 Galerkin 해석법을 이용하여 수치해석 하였다. 특히 고정 지지조건을 갖는 panel에 대해서는 시행함수로서 삼각함수로 구성되는 경우와 쌍곡선함수로 된 보의 고유함수로 구성되는 경우에 대하여 각각 해석하였으며 이들 시행함수가 수치해에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 수치해석의 결과로 곡률 parameter와 고유 진동수 및 임계 좌굴계수와의 관계를 검토하였다. 또한 진동 및 좌굴 모드를 도시하였다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.737-748
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• 2000

본 논문은 직선변이 단순지지, 원호변이 단순 또는 고정인 경계조건의 원통 Panel을 해석하였다. 해석방법은 Galerkin법을 사용하였고, 기초방정식은 Love-Timoshenko의 기초식을 이용한 진동 좌굴 및 동적문제에 관한 특성을 명확히 하였다. 특히, 고정지지를 포함한 Panel에 대해서는 시행함수로서 삼각함수만으로 나타나는 경우와 쌍곡선함수로 나타나는 보의 고유함수를 이용하여 해석하였으며 시행함수에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.582-591
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• 2001

It is known that the reduced integration, modified shape function, anisoparametric and non-conforming element can reduce the error induced by stiffness locking phenomenon in the finite element analysis. In this study, we propose new anisoparametric curved beam element. The new element based on reduced minimization theory is composed of different shape functions in each displacement field. By the substitution of this modified shape function, the unmatched coefficient that cause stiffness locking in the constraint energy is eliminated. To confirm the availability of this new model, we performed numerical tests for a simple model. As a result of numerical test, the undulate stress patterns are disappeared in static analysis, and displacements and stresses are close to exact solution. Not only in the static analysis but also in the eigen analysis of free vibrated curved beam model, this element shows successful convergent results.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.239-252
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• 2019

Since conical sandwich shells are important structures in the modern industries, in this paper, for the first time, vibration behavior of the truncated conical sandwich shells which include temperature dependent porous FG face sheets and temperature dependent homogeneous core in various thermal conditions are investigated. A high order theory of sandwich shells which modified by considering the flexibility of the core and nonlinear von Karman strains are utilized. Power law rule which modified by considering the two types of porosity volume fractions are applied to model the functionally graded materials. By utilizing the Hamilton's energy principle, and considering the in-plane and thermal stresses in the face-sheets and the core, the governing equations are obtained. A Galerkin procedure is used to solve the equations in a simply supported boundary condition. Uniform, linear and nonlinear temperature distributions are used to model the effect of the temperature changing in the sandwich shell. To verify the results of this study, they are compared with FEM results obtained by Abaqus software and for special cases with the results in literatures. Eigen frequencies variations are surveyed versus the temperature changing, geometrical effects, porosity, and some others in the numerical examples.