• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권10호
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• pp.1558-1564
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• 2018

Objective: We report monitoring conservation effect for a Chinese indigenous chicken (Langshan) breed using major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and DNA barcords. Methods: The full length of MHC B-G gene and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene in generations 0, 5, 10, 15, 16, and 17 was measured using re-sequencing and sequencing procedures, respectively. Results: There were 292 single nucleotide polymorphisms of MHC B-G gene identified in six generations. Heterozygosity (He) and polymorphic information content (PIC) of MHC B-G gene in generations 10, 15, 16, and 17 remained stable. He and PIC of MHC B-G gene were different in six generations, with G10, G15, G16, G17 >G5>G0 (p<0.05). For the COI gene, there were five haplotypes in generations 0, 5, 10, 15, 16, and 17. Where Hap2 and Hap4 were the shared haplotypes, 164 individuals shared Hap2 haplotypes, while Hap1 and Hap3 were the shared haplotypes in generations 0 and 5 and Hap5 was a shared haplotype in generations 10, 15, 16, and 17. The sequence of COI gene in 6 generations was tested by Tajima's and D value, and the results were not significant, which were consistent with neutral mutation. There were no differences in generations 10, 15, 16, and 17for measured phenotypic traits. In other generations, for annual egg production, with G5, G10, G15, G16, G17>G0 (p<0.05). For age at the first egg and age at sexual maturity, with G10, G15, G16, G17>G5>G0 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Combined with the results of COI gene DNA barcodes, MHC B-G gene, and phenotypic traits we can see that genetic diversity remained stable from generations 10 to 17 and the equimultiple random matching pedigrees conservation population conservation effect of Langshan chicken was effective as measured by these criteria.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.267-274
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• 2008

천연식물자원들 중에 항산화 물질로 알려진 다양한 소재들이 소개되고 있다. 이들 중 가시오갈피와 두충과 같은 소재는 항산화 효과뿐만 아니라 약용으로서도 널리 입증된 천연식물성 소재이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 실용 산란계에 이들 소재의 첨가 급여가 개체의 생리활성도 및 계란 품질에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 텔로미어의 함량을 비교 분석하고, 생산된 계란의 난질을 조사하였다. 시험 분석은 하이라인 브라운 상업용 실용 산란계 360수를 이용하여 가시오갈피 및 두충을 각각 사료 급여량 대비 0.5%와 1%를 첨가하였다. 급여 시기는 초기 산란기($20{\sim}30$주령) 및 후기 산란기($60{\sim}70$주령)로 제한하고, 30주령 말과 70주령 말 개체의 혈액 및 각종 조직들의 텔로미어 함유율과 생산한 계란의 품질을 양적형광접합보인법(Q-FISH) 및 난질 분석기로 분석하였다. 가시오갈피 및 두충 급여에 따른 각 조직별 텔로미어 함량을 비교 분석한 바 산란 초기에 증식성 세포인 백혈구 내 텔로미어 함유율은 모든 첨가 급여구가 무 첨가구에 비해 현저히 높은 함량을 보이고 비 증식성 세포에 있어서는 처리구별 차이가 없었다. 그러나 산란 후기 시 첨가 급여에 따른 모든 조직들의 텔로미어 함량 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 가시오갈피 및 두충의 첨가 급여가 난질에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 바 산란 초기에 난중, 난백고, 호우 유니트는 첨가 급여 처리구가 무처리구에 비해 유의적으로 높은 결과를 보였고, 난각 두께, 난각색, 난황색, 난각 무게 및 난각 밀도는 처리구별 차이가 없었다. 반면 산란 후기에서는 급여처리간 난질에 미치는 효과는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 항산화 물질의 급여가 성장기 개체의 생리 활성도 및 생체기능을 향상 시킨다는 것을 강력히 뒷받침하는 증거로서 산란계에 있어 산란 초기에 소량의 가시오갈피와 두충의 첨가는 체내에 미치는 독성 없이 개체의 기능성 증가와 더불어 난 형성에 매우 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2014

가금 사육 프로그램에서 경제적으로 중요한 형질에 잠재적인 후보 유전자의 식별 및 활용은 점점 더 중요해지고 있다. Ovocalyxin-32(OCX-32) 유전자는 닭의 9번 염색체에 위치하며, 난각을 형성하는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 한국 재래닭의 OCX-32 유전자 내 SNP의 유전자형 결정과 산란 형질과의 연관성을 분석하기 위해 수행하였다. PCR-RFLP 방법을 통해 한국 오골계 46수, 백색 46수, 회색 43수, 흑색 46수를 포함한 총 181수의 한국 재래닭 암컷 4종의 SNP을 분석하였다. 산란 형질은 시산일령, 시산난중, 산란율, 난중의 4가지 항목을 포함하여 측정하였다. OCX-32 유전자 내 c.494A>C SNP은 오골계의 산란율과 유의적인 차이를 나타냈으며(p<0.001), 백색 재래닭에서는 난중과 유의적인 상관관계가 있었다(p<0.05). c.267T>G SNP은 오골계의 난중과 유의적인 연관성이 나타났다(p<0.05). 하지만 회색과 흑색 재래닭에서는 유의적인 상관관계가 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구 결과, 한국 재래닭의 사육 프로그램에서 산란형질을 선발하는 마커로 사용되기까지 추후 더 많은 개체군을 통한 연구가 요구되나, OCX-32 유전자 내 c.494A>C와 c.267T>G의 단일염기변이가 한국 재래닭 중 오골계와 백색 재래닭에서 산란 특성에 따른 DNA 선발 마커로서 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 1989

Abnormalities of structure and morphology of chromosomes concentrated with genetic materials, DNA, are directly related to phenotypical performances of animals. So, cytogenetical research in domestic animals is important to prevent congenital deformity and improve genetic performances. Especially utilities of egg transfer technique combined with cytogenetical study can be accelerated by the wide spread of the best genetic sources dependent on the micromanipulation and sexing of eggs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.1075-1081
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• 2014

CRBP1 (cellular retinol binding protein 1) and CRBP3 (cellular retinol binding protein 3), are important components of the retinoid signaling pathway and take part in vitamin A absorption, transport and metabolism. Based on the role of vitamin A in chicken laying performance, we investigated the polymorphism of CRBP1 and CRBP3 genes in 349 chickens using single strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing methods. Only one polymorphism was identified in the third intron of CRBP1, two polymorphisms were detected in CRBP3; they were located in the second intron and the third intron respectively. The association studies between these three SNPs and laying performance traits were performed in Erlang mountainous chicken. Notably, the SNP g.14604G>T of CRBP1 was shown to be significantly associated with body weight at first egg (BWFE), age at first egg (AFE), weight at first egg (WFE) and total number of eggs with 300 age (EN). The CRBP3 polymorphism g.934C>G was associated with AFE, and the g.1324A>G was associated with AFE and BWFE, but none of these polymorphisms were associated with egg quality traits. Haplotype combinations constructed on these two SNPs of CRBP3 gene were associated with BWFE and AFE. In particular, diplotype H2H2 had positive effect on AFE, BWFE, EN, and average egg-laying interval. We herein describe for the first time basic research on the polymorphism of chicken CRBP1 and CRBP3 genes that is predictive of genetic potential for laying performance in chicken.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.239-243
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• 2013

Salmonella Enteritidis is responsible for causing foodborne diseases upon consumption of egg products. While cases of S. Enteritidis isolation from eggs have been reported in other countries, no such cases have previously been reported in Korea. In this study, we report the first isolation and identification of S. Enteritidis from domestically distributed eggs in Korea. Eggs were collected from eight countrywide grocery stores during different seasons between 2011 and 2012. Egg contents and washing solution of egg shells were incubated in buffered peptone water, and the enriched broth was further enriched in tetrathionate broth and Rappaport-Vassiliadis. The secondary enriched broth was streaked on xylose lysine desoxycholate agar. The suspected colonies were confirmed to S. Enteritidis by a biochemical test, serotyping, and PCR test. Genetic relatedness among the isolates was analyzed using Diversilab Salmonella kit. Three strains of S. Enteritidis were isolated from egg contents and egg shells collected from grocery stores of the Eumseong-city in the fall of 2011. All three stains showed resistance to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, nalidixic acid, and ampicillin by the disk diffusion method. In addition, the isolates showed more than 99% DNA homology, indicating that they were presumably identical strains. Therefore, there is a requirement to monitor and control against S. Enteritidis from eggs in Korea.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.179-193
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• 2024

Background: Because oxidative stress can induce decreased quality of caprine semen during the storage, there has been limitation for the use of stored semen in the assisted reproductive technologies. The present study, therefore, assesses the potential of Annona muricata (A. muricata) to reduce semen storage associated-damages. Methods: Semen was collected by electro-ejaculation from ten bucks, and extended with Tris-egg yolk (TEY) supplemented with A. muricata leaf aqueous extract (SAE) at 20 (SAE20), 40 (SAE40), and 80 (SAE80) ㎍/mL. Sperm variables including motility, motion characteristics, viability, membrane functionality, and DNA integrity were assessed at different storage periods (6, 24, 48, and 72 hr). In addition, oxidative stress indicators in the extender supplemted with SAE were also assessed for each group. Results: By adding SAE at 80 ㎍/mL in TEY, the storage of goat buck semen was improved, resulting in reduced loss of sperm motility, viability, DNA fragmentation, and membrane integrity during chilled storage at 4℃ for up to 72 hr. In addition, enrichment of TEY extender with SAE significantly (p < 0.05) reduced malondialdehyde, an indicator of oxidative stress, compared to the negative control. Conclusions: Supplementation of SAE in TEY extender can reduce buck spermatozoa liquid storage associated damages due to oxidative stress.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.32-36
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• 2010

Twelve fungal isolates out of 123 isolates obtained from cysts and soils of potato cyst nematode (PCN)-infested fields in Central Java, Indonesia had parasitic abilities of over 50% on PCN eggs or females (cysts) in vitro pathogenicity tests. Cultural and morphological characters and DNA sequences of ribosomal genes in ITS region revealed that they were four isolates of Gliocladium (Trichoderma) virens, three isolates of Fusarium oxysporum, one of F. lateritium, one of Penicillium tritinum and two of Taralomyces spp. A hundred percent infections occurred in eggs or cysts by three fungal isolates G. virens, F. oxysporum and P. oxalicum, suggesting that these fungi may have a good potential for the PCN biocontrol. Especially, G. virens isolates, which occurred most frequently in the PCN-infested potato fields and are known to be highly adaptable to varying habitats, may be developed as reliable agents for controlling PCN with both egg- and cyst-parasitic capabilities and with high ecological adaptabilities.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.25-28
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• 2000

The anthocyanin gene encoding flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase(F3,5H) was normally expressed in Nicotiana tobacco (Xanthi) plants cocultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 carrying egg plant flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase cDNA. Northern blot analysis showed the normal expression of F3', 5'H gene from transgenic plants. Here we found the phenotypic differences between transgenic plants and wild-type plants. The petal shape of transgenic plants showed more round shape and around petal tube area was compared to that of wild-type tobacco plants. And the petal color of transgenic plants was much lighter than that of wild-type tobacco plants.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.109-118
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• 1999

Hen's eggs have been regarded as one of the best animal bioreactors to produce biologically active peptides originated from many organisms including human. Despite the last decade's efforts to produce transgenic chicken for any commercial purposes, the results so far reported are very disappointing, indicating that hen's eggs are very difficult to crack for transgenesis. Comparatively large female gamete with enormous amount of yolk may be one of the major obstacles in achieving a similar feat to those of other vertebrate species including mouse, sheep, fish and frog. The delay or less efficiency evidenced may instruct to try an alternative way of gens transfer into chicken egg. Sperm-mediated gene transfer is one of them, and may require a great deal of understanding of mechanisms involved in early fertilization and embryonic development. In other animals where the technique was successful, basic mechanisms have been well studied and established only by painstaking efforts for decades. This paper discusses the accumulated knowledge on early fertilization mechanism in the chicken and how can this information be utilitzed to find the alternative gene transfer in making transgenic chicken.