• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.155-164
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• 2003

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of explanations about physical phenomena given in non-physics textbooks on the formation of student physical conceptions. Two classes, 39 students in each, were sampled from two middle schools in Pusan, Korea, and two kinds of test tools for investigating student conceptions were developed for the study. The first test tool(a) investigated student conceptions after reading explanations about physical phenomena in non-physics textbooks, while the second(b) investigated student conceptions after reading explanations revised by physics education experts about the same physical phenomena. The two test tools were applied to each class, and for a fair invetigation, test(a) followed by test(b) was applied to one class, while test(b) followed by test(a) was applied to the other class. The results were as follows: In both classes, the students' level of understanding from explanations revised by physics education experts was significantly (p < .01) higher than that from explanations in non-physics textbooks. As such, it is feasible that false or inappropriate explanations in non-physics textbooks can cause student misconceptions. Moreover, the improper expression of physical science concepts, improper choice of scientific terms, and incorrect grammatical structures, along with the use of unsuitable examples and improper model pictures can make it difficult for students to understand physics concepts. Furthermore, differences in the terms used in physics textbook and those used in other textbooks can also confuse students' learning.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.259-264
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• 2017

Purpose: This study examined the effects of a positioning education program through the brochure or oral explanations for the parents of premature infants with a brain lesion and investigated the satisfaction level of physical therapy of parents of premature infants with a brain lesion. Methods: Forty parents of premature infants with a brain lesion participated in this study. The recruited premature infants were randomized into groups A (n=20) and B (n=20) for the purpose of the positioning education method through brochure or oral explanations. The level of satisfaction and recognition for the positioning education program was investigated by the parents of 12 month old infants. The gross motor function, measure-88, was examined at three months, six months, nine months, and twelve months of the corrected age. Results: No significant differences in the recognition of the position education program, level of satisfaction of the environment, and the attitude of the therapist were noted (p>0.05). Significantly high levels of satisfaction with the program of group B given the brochure were noted. The gross motor function measure-88 was also similar in both groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that the parents were satisfied with the positioning education program of the brochure. The differences in educational methods did not affect the development of premature infants.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.90-104
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• 2000

Background : This study was designed to assess the effects of information on the satisfaction of parents and families whose children underwent elective surgery in the Pediatric Operating Room. Methods : We measured parent and family satisfaction with information given before and after offering informational interventions. The data were collected from 510 patients parents and families whose children had undergone elective surgery in the Pediatric Operating Room of Seoul National University Hospital in Seoul. South Korea. The data collection ran from May 3. 1999 to May 30. 1999 and from September 6, 1999 to September 30, 1999. The research instrument consisted of four categories (pre-operative period, intra-operative period, post-operative period, others) and 24 questionnaires. SPSS was used to analyze the data. Results : The major findings of this study are summarized as follows: 1. Before surgery, the satisfaction with the following was increased: the explanations of the necessary preparation for the surgery (6.0%), the time the patient would enter the operating room (20.6%), the operative procedure (2.0%), and the use of the waiting room (10.0%). 2. During the operation, the satisfaction with the situation board (15.1%), public announcements in the waiting room (8.4%), and the answering of the families questions (12.2%) was increased. however, the satisfaction with the surgeons explanations of the surgical outcomes decreased by 8.3%, even though the frequency of these explanations increased by 5%. 3. After surgery, the satisfaction with the following was increased: the explanations of patient's status of recovery(10.3%) the time the patient would be moved from the recovery room (17.6%), how the patient would be transferred to the ward (19.2%), and post-operative care (6.3%). Conclusion : Based upon the above findings, we concluded that pre-, intra-, and post-operative informational interventions were effective in increasing the satisfaction of the parents and families of children undergoing elective surgery.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.163-189
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• 2014

The public perceptions about the cause of the poverty are generally considered as the important subject because they are assumed to have profound influences on the anti-poverty strategies, the features of the welfare system, and the welfare politics. Yet, there have been few studies on the public perceptions about attributions for poverty in Korea. In this article, we explore the popular perceptions about the causes of the poverty and investigate the determinants of the various beliefs about the causes of the poverty in Korea. The data derive from the Welfare Attitudes data of the 8th Korea Welfare Panel Survey. The results indicates that Koreans are more likely to support the individualistic explanations on the causes of the poverty than the structural and the fatalistic explanations. The results of regression model analysis show that there are differences in the determinants of the three types of poverty explanations, but subjective variables have the strong effects on all of the poverty explanations in Korea. In this study we find that Koreans are more likely than the western european welfare states to endorse individualistic explanations. These findings suggest that the underdevelopment of the welfare system in Korea is assumed to have the connection with the popular individualistic explanations. And, they suggest that there are needed to have notices to changing the public perceptions of the poverty and the cultural context of the social welfare in order to advance the welfare state in Korea.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.13-24
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• 2012

Objectives NJ is being used to treat inflammatory diseases in Korea. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the effects of NJ on atopic dermatitis (AD)-like lesions and mast cell-mediated allergy inflammation in vivo and in vitro. Methods and Results We investigated to ascertain the pharmacological effects of NJ on 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced allergic reactions under in vivo conditions. Additionally, to find possible explanations for the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of NJ, we evaluated the regulatory effects of NJ on the level of inflammatory mediators in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate plus calcium ionophore A23187 (PMACI)-stimulated human mast cells (HMC-1). Conclusions NJ inhibited the production of the inflammatory cytokines (IgE, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-${\alpha}$) significantly in vivo and in vitro.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.21-28
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• 2014

This paper provides the up to date review of the shading effects on PV module performance and the associated detection algorithm related to the maximum power point tracking. It includes the brief explanations of the MMP variations due to the shading occurrence on the PV modules. Review of experimental and simulation studies highlighting the significant impacts of shading on PV efficiencies were presented. The literature indicates that even the partial shading of a single cell can greatly drop the entire module voltage and power efficiency. The MMP tracking approaches were also reviewed in this study. Both conventional and advanced soft computing methods such as ANN, FLC and EA were described for the proper tracking of MMP under shaded conditions. This paper would be the basic source and the comprehensive information associated with the shading effects and relevant MPP tracking technique.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.391-411
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of culture teaching and using web sites as a method of culture teaching in college English education. To achieve these purposes, a web-based culture teaching-learning model was developed and applied in English classes. Then, the effects were compared with those of a culture teaching method which were based on the traditional verbal explanation. As the tools for this study, two test sheets were used to measure language proficiency and American cultural knowledge. Focusing on the study results, the conclusions were summed up as follows: First, for enhancing the American cultural knowledge, using the web was found to be more effective than traditional verbal explanations. Second, for English language enhancement through web-based culture teaching, it is necessary to do it for each level of English proficiency or develop web sites which fit well with students' interests or levels.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the experience of computer programming in Logo geometry advances the development of young children's concepts and/or representation of Euclidian spatial relations, particularly their concepts of the vertical-horizontal. Papert's claim of the positive effects of Logo programming experiences on young children's cognitive development was tested using the Piagetian Water Level Test (PWLT), the Free Hand Drawing Test (FHDT), and the Computer Drawing Test (CDT). Forty-four subjects were drawn from 2nd graders attending a public elementary school in Ithaca. The subjects were divided into 2 groups: a treatment group (TG) with Logo training for 10 weeks and a control group (CG) without Logo training. Our results showed that TG did not make any significant improvement on PWLT. In contrast, TG outperformed CG on FHDT. We suggested several possible explanations for this contradiction.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.26
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• pp.61-90
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of anti-smoking advertising on attitude toward anti-smoking and behavioral intention to quit smoking in terms of audience's involvement with anti-smoking and knowledge on smoking. For this, a total of 10 hypothesis were established and statistically tested. According to the results, all but hypothesis 1-1(attitude toward anti-smoking is more favorable in the high involvement condition than in the low involvement condition) were unfortunately rejected. These results can be justified by theoretical explanations such as Hierarchy Effects Model or Elaboration Likelihood Model. In addition, some methodological reasons were provided as well.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.55 no.9
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• pp.316-321
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• 2012

The ketogenic diet has been widely used and proved to be effective for intractable epilepsy. Although the mechanisms underlying its antiepileptic effects remain to be proven, there are increasing experimental evidences for its neuroprotective effects along with many researches about expanding use of the diet in other neurologic disorders. The first success was reported in glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome, in which the diet served as an alternative metabolic source. Many neurologic disorders share some of the common pathologic mechanisms such as mitochondrial dysfunction, altered neurotransmitter function and synaptic transmission, or abnormal regulation of reactive oxygen species, and the role of the ketogenic diet has been postulated in these mechanisms. In this article, we introduce an overview about the expanding use and emerging trials of the ketogenic diet in various neurologic disorders excluding intractable epilepsy and provide explanations of the mechanisms in that usage.