• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.371-380
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• 2002

The objectives of this study were to analyze gear rattle in a power drive line using its dynamic model and to derive design guidelines to eliminate it. A 72 degrees of freedom model of power driveline of an agricultural tractor was developed and proved to be valid fer predicting the collision characteristics of gears in mesh, which may determine whether or not the gear rattle will occur. Using the model the effects on the rattle of drag torque, backlash, mass moment of inertia, transmitting torque were analyzed. Increasing drag torque or decreasing mass moment of inertia reduced gear rattle. The gears transmitting power do not develop rattles. It was also found that a large amount of rattle is likely to be developed by the change gears placed at the end of idle shafts. Increasing the drag torque to such change gears may be the most effective way of reducing the gear rattle in a tractor driveline.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.531-546
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• 1999

The paper presents an experimental and theoretical study on the influence of steel fibers and longitudinal tension and compression reinforcements on immediate and long-term deflections of high-strength concrete beams of 85 MPa (12,300 psi) compressive, strength. Test results of eighteen beams subjected to sustained load for 180 days show that the deflection behavior depends on the longitudinal tension and compression reinforcement ratios and fiber content; excessive amount of compression reinforcement and fibers may have an unfavorable effect on the long-term deflections. The beams having the ACI Code's minimum longitudinal tension reinforcement showed much higher time-dependent deflection to immediate deflection ratio, when compared with that of the beams having about 50 percent of the balanced tension reinforcement. The results of theoretical analysis of tested beams and those of a parametric study show that the influence of steel fibers in increasing the moment of inertia of cracked transformed sections is most pronounced in beams having small amount of longitudinal tension reinforcement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.49-58
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• 1998

On the stability of the Timoshenko cantilever column subjected of a compressive follower force, the influences of the moment of inertia of the tip mass at the free end and the characteristics of a translational spring at the free end of the column are studied. The equations of motion and boundary conditions of system are estabilished by using the d'Alembert virtual work of principle. On the evaluation of stability of the column, the effect of the shear deformation and rotatory inertia is considered in calculation. The moment of inertia of the tip mass at the free end of the column is changed by adjusting the distance c, from the free end of the column to the tip mass center. The free end of the column is supported elastically by a translational spring. For the maintenance of the good stability of the column, it is also proved that the constant of the translational spring at the free end must be very large for the case without a tip mass while it must be small for the case with a tip mass. Therefore, it is found that the shape of the tip mass and the characteristic of the spring at the free end are very effective elements for the stability of the column when the columns subjected to a compressive follower force are designed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.989-992
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• 2008

Recently, high-strength concrete has been frequently used for long-span bridges and high-rise buildings. Deflection of reinforced concrete structures is uncertain, so that many researchers have proposed various equations in order to predict deflection through experiments. Domestic concrete specification offers a procedure to evaluate deflection using effective moment of inertia which was proposed by Branson. However, it is inaccurate for high strength concrete compared to the method suggested in Eurocode 2 in that Eurocode 2 predicts deflection by using curvature integration of effective moment of inertia. In this study, experimental data about deflection of reinforced concrete beams were analyzed to compare domestic standard and Eurocode 2.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.936-943
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• 2011

The effective moment of inertia revising the expression proposed by Branson has been used in ACI 440.1R-06 design guide for calculating deflections of FRP-reinforced concrete members. However, its adequacy has been questioned by several researchers. The propose of this study is to provide fundamental data for the rational design of deflection by the comparison of the experimental results obtained from twelve specimens with rectangular section and nine specimens with T-shaped section to the theoretical results. As a result, it found that calculated results for specimens with rectangular section were underestimated comparing to test results, while calculated results for specimens with T-shaped section were overestimated comparing to test results.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.95-102
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• 2015

Recently, the maintenance activity for aging of bridge structures was difficult because of traffic jam, environment pollution and increasing cost. And to solve these problems, modular bridge research has been studied. After static and cyclic loading test was conducted for serviceability and bending performance with one way slab, effective moment of inertia of modular specimen was analyzed to estimate the deflection by KCI(2012). To conduct the test, one integral slab and three modular slabs were made for static loading and one integral and modular slab were made for cyclic. As a result of the test, the modular slab had the similar bending performance of the integral. But the ultimate deflection showed the insufficient which was smaller than 20%. In the cyclic loading test, the modular slab has different behavior of deflection with the integral, so it was evaluated difficult for serviceability. In addition, effective moment of inertia by KCI(2012) was not estimated for modular slab with connection. The new value of m which was ratio between moments is 4.53 based on result of test for predicting deflection of modular.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.185-191
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• 2008

To fundamentally solve the problem of deterioration of concrete structures, it has been researched that the high durable concrete structure reinforced with the FRP rebar can be one of major solution to the newly-developed concrete structure. FRP rebar has lots of advantages such as non-corrosive, high performance and light weight against the conventional steel rebar. Among these kinds of FRP rebars, GFRP rebar has usually been considered as the best reinforcement because of its economic point of view. Even though the material capacity of the GFRP rebar was already investigated, there are some problems such as low modulus of elastic that will be cause for degrade of the serviceability of flexural concrete member reinforced with the GFRP rebar. Thus, the deflection characteristics of the GFRP rebar reinforced concrete structure should be considered then investigated. In this study, ACI 440 guideline (2003), ISIS Canada Design Manual (2001) and Toutanji et al. (2000) was considered for predicting the moment of inertia of the concrete beam reinforced with the GFRP rebar. And it was also evaluated that load-deflection relationship had a good accordance with the test and analysis result. In the result of this study, it could be estimated that the load-deflection relationship using the suggested equation of moment of inertia in this study indicated better accordance with the test result than that of the others until failure.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.484-492
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• 2023

The structural behaviour of concrete beam was examined by the three points bending test after the completion of the electrochemical chloride extraction (ECE), rather than bond strength mostly measured in previous studies. It was found that the flexural rigidity of concrete was lowered by the ECE, but the strength was enhanced in terms of the maximum load.The flexural rigidity, in the linear elastic range, was reduced by the loss of effective cross-section area. In fact, the inertia moment was substantially subjected to 70 % loss of the cross-section by the tensile strain at the condition of the failure. However, a lower rate of the inertia moment reduction was achieved by the ECE, implying the higher resistance to the cracking, but the higher risk of deformation.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.109-125
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• 2014

The force transfer mechanism in positive moment continuity details for prestressed concrete girder bridges is investigated in this paper using a three-dimensional detailed finite element model. Positive moment reinforcement in the form of hairpin bars as recommended by the National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report No 519 is incorporated in the model. The cold construction joint that develops at the interface between girder ends and continuity diaphragms is also simulated via contact elements. The model is then subjected to the positive moment and corresponding shear forces that would develop over the service life of the bridge. The stress distribution in the continuity diaphragm and the axial force distribution in the hairpin bars are presented. It was found that due to the asymmetric configuration of the hairpin bars, asymmetric stress distribution develops at the continuity diaphragm, which can be exacerbated by other asymmetric factors such as skewed bridge configurations. It was also observed that when the joint is subjected to a positive moment, the tensile force is transferred from the girder end to the continuity diaphragm only through the hairpin bars due to the lack of contact between the both members at the construction joint. As a result, the stress distribution at girder ends was found to be concentrated around the hairpin bars influence area, rather than be resisted by the entire girder composite section. Finally, the results are used to develop an approach for estimating the cracking moment capacity at girder ends based on a proposed effective moment of inertia.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.512-514
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• 2008

In this paper, a new electromagnetic circuit is proposed for an optical pickup actuator with high sensitivity. Contrary to those of conventional actuators, the proposed circuit has two focusing coils which are diagonally placed at the front and rear of a moving part. The configuration which makes the effective length of the focusing coil longer and the moving part lighter, is helpful in increasing the sensitivity of the actuator. However, the asymmetry of the moving part by two focusing coils causes flexible node vibrations in quite low frequency range. This paper shows that the design modification of the moving part for the reconfiguration of mass moment of inertia can reduce the mode vibrations.