• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.237-246
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• 2016

Objectives: To investigate the effect of a worksite-based dietary intervention program for the management of metabolic syndrome (MS) among male employees. Methods: A dietary intervention program combining individual and environmental approach was implemented targeting white-collar employees at a worksite located in Seoul for 10 weeks. Out of 104 employees having agreed to participate in the program, those having three or more out of five components of MS and having two components, including a waist circumference component were classified into "the high risk group" (n=41) and received group nutrition education and individual nutrition counseling three times each. The rest of the study subjects were considered as "the low risk group" (n=63). The food environment at the worksite, where both the high and low risk groups were exposed, was changed to promote healthy eating. Physical data including MS components were collected and a questionnaire on dietary behaviors was administered before and after the intervention. The data from the high risk group (n=17) and the low risk group (n=20), excluding the subjects ineligible for or failed to complete the study (n=67), were analyzed. The difference before and after intervention was tested for significance by Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results: Weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol, and HbA1c and the healthy dietary practice score improved significantly after intervention in the high risk group. The median number of MS components decreased significantly from 3.0 to 1.0 in the high risk group. In the low risk group, only HbA1c significantly decreased. Conclusions: The 10-week worksite-based dietary intervention program combining individual and environmental approach was found to be effective for managing MS of male employees.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.1223-1226
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• 2004

Previously candidate gene approach revealed estrogen receptor (ESR) locus was associated with increased litter size. In this study, PvuII polymorphisms of ESR gene was detected by PCR-RFLP, and ESR locus was evaluated for its association with reproductive tracts components in the Large $White{\times}Meishan$ ($LW{\times}M$) F2 offspring. Ninety seven gilts with reproductive tracts components records and 136 offspring with performance traits records were genotyped and the results were used to estimate allele substitution effects. The results showed that two alleles (A and B) were identified, and 121 bp fragments were observed for the AA genotype and 65 bp and 56 bp fragments for the BB genotype; the length of uterine body (LUB) of BB gilts were significantly shorter than AA gilts', the additive effect was -1.762 cm; the uterine weight (UW) of AB gilts were significantly lighter than AA gilts' with the additive effect -18.058 g; no significant associations of ESR alleles with ovulation rate (OR), length of uterine horn (LUH), length of uterine cervix (LUC), weight of two ovaries (OW), volume of uterine lumen (VUL), length of oviduct (LO) were observed. BB genotypes gilts need significantly less days to 100 kg ($D_{100kg}$) than AA genotypes (p<0.01), the additive effect was per copy of B allele. Allele B is also favorable for average daily gain (ADG), with additive effect 0.015 kg/d (p<0.05). There was no difference between genotypes for backfat thickness at the 13th rib (SF13), loin meat height (ELMH), and loin meat percentage was estimated (ELMP), individual birth weight (IBW) and teat number (TN).

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.139-151
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• 1975

Individual effect of genes controlling quantitative traits can not ordinarily be distinguised from one another. Consequently, it is not possible to determine the mode of inheritance for single genes. By studying their combined effectsin segregating generations, however, one can gain some insight into their behavior and can make statistical inferences about their average gene action. The investigation reported herein was to extend genetic variance components and variance and covariance analyses, special attention was given to the genetic statistics from which least square estimators of genetic parameters are obtained.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.119-139
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• 2011

Using a establishment-worker matched data, this paper estimates wage differentials between standard and non-standard workers. Unlike previous studies, we estimate a fixed-effect model for the tree-way error-components that control for both unobserved individual heterogeneities and unobserved firm heterogeneities. The estimation results show that standard workers earn 6.5~8.4% mire than non-standard workers. This wage premium is 30~40% of the wage differential estimated from the OLS model. The results implies that a large proportion of the wage differentials between standard and non standard workers can be explained by unobserved firm and individual characteristics.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.25-37
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• 2021

Purpose - This study analyzes the situational relationship between the components of job crafting and innovation performance, and based on this, suggests practical alternatives to the effect of the control variables of organizational support. Design/methodology/approach - For this survey, 350 questionnaires were distributed to Korean SME workers from October 5, 2020 to March 20, 2021, and 230 questionnaires were collected. In order to check the validity of the questionnaire, the questionnaire judged to be inappropriate in response was excluded. The recovery rate was 65.7%, and the effectiveness of the questionnaire was 82%. Structural equation model and hierarchical regression analysis are used to analyze those data. Findings - First, job enhancement through job redesign as well as organizational support is a key task in order to expect innovative results from field members. Innovative performance is not created by individual jobs, but is created between jobs and jobs, tasks and tasks, teams and teams, and departments and departments. This is why it is worth paying attention not to the functional approach, but to the interconnection structure of the process. Research implications or Originality - In this study, it was analyzed that structural job resource increase and social job resource increase, which are components of job crafting, had a positive effect on innovation performance, and that challenging job will had no significant effect. Challenging work will itself does not negatively affect innovation performance. Combining the survey and interview, field members who make up the majority of respondents say that they do not lack the will to work. They claim that there is no channel or opportunity to express or practice a challenging will.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.27-41
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• 2014

Purpose - This study examines various reservation service components that would increase customers' brand attachment and loyalty, while discussing how reservation service components would affect the customer behaviors. Research design, data, and methodology - This study theoretically analyzed the hotel package product reservation system, the customer expectations, the brand attachment, and the brand loyalty, while reviewing previous studies. Results - This study analyzed the distribution channels of the hotel package products from various angles and, as for more extensive research, the study explained the different results caused by each different reservation system type that may be preferred by each individual customer. Conclusions - It was confirmed that, of the hotel reservation service components, the convenience factors, the reliability factors, the information factors, and the other factors other than the human factors, have a significant influence on the customer expectations. Further, the study also revealed that the customer expectation has an important effect on the brand attachment. In addition, the study improved the prevailing understanding on the relation between the brand attachment and the brand loyalty.

• Computational Structural Engineering : An International Journal
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2001

A reliability approach to evaluate structural performance has gained increased acceptability and usage over the past two decades. Most reliability analyses are based on the reliability of an individual component without examining the entire structural system. These analyses often result in either unnecessary repairs or unsafe structures. This study uses examples of series, parallel, and series-parallel models of structural systems to illustrate how the component reliabilities affect the reliability of the entire system. The component-system reliability interaction can be used to develop optimum lifetime inspection and repair strategies for structural systems. These examples demonstrate that such strategies must be based on the reliability of the entire structural system. They also demonstrate that the location of an individual component in the system has a profound effect on the acceptable reliability of that component. Furthermore, when a structure is deteriorating over time, the reliability importance of various components is a1so changing with time. For this reason, the most critical component in the early life of the structure may not tie the most critical later.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.33-42
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• 2002

Recently, our world is faced with very serious and hard problems related to the air pollution due to the exhaust emissions of the diesel engine. In this paper, the effect of oxygen component in fuel on the exhaust emissions has been investigated fur direct injection diesel engine. It was tested to estimate change of engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics for the commercial diesel fuel and oxygenate blended fuel which has three kinds of mixed ratio. And, it was tried to analyze not only total hydrocarbon but individual hydrocarbon components from Cl to C6 in exhaust gas using gas chromatography to seek the reason far remarkable reduction of smoke emission. This study was carried out by comparing the chromatogram with diesel fuel and diesel feel blended DGM(diethylene glycol dimethyl ether) 5%. The results of this study show that individual hydrocarbon(C1∼C6) as well as total hydrocarbon of oxygenated fuel is reduced remarkably than that of diesel fuel.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.83-99
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze correlation effect size between Basic Psychological Needs (BPN) and factors affecting BPN. Methods: This research was reviewed and synthesized systematically by meta-analyse. Fifty-eight published studies between 2008 and 2016 were sampled and the effect sizes were acquired. Results: The major findings were as follows. In general, medium correlation effect sizes were found. Competency among sub-factors of BPN showed highest effects. Parental factor was more related to BPN than school and individual factors. Parenting behavior and family psychological backgrounds were the most crucial factors in the parental factors. School adjustment was the most critical factor in the school factors. In school grade, the elementary school was more related to BPN than junior high school and high school. Conclusion: Based on these results, we suggest a number of components for parent-education programs, and information for future research.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.562-567
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• 2010

A passenger vehicle has various and complicated transmission paths of sound and vibration. In order to identify the mechanism of transfer path, estimation of excitation force and exact modeling of transfer path are required. In this paper vector synthesis technique is employed to identify the characteristics of road noise and its transmission to vehicle compartment through noise and vibration analysis. Vibration reduction efficiency of each transfer path is evaluated by comparing individual vector components obtained virtual simulation. The degree of effect is used to estimate the contribution of vibration input components to total output. And in this paper presents a new technique based on simulation studies using vector synthesis diagram and design of experiments, by which the effects of magnitude and phase change of input paths can be predicted.