• 한국가시화정보학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.46-54
• /
• 2013

Study of the wave structure and shear layer in the vicinity of a wall mounted cavity is done by time averaged colour schlieren and time resolved instantaneous shadowgraph technique in an M=1.7 flowfield. Effect of change of cavity width on flow structure is investigated by using constant length to depth (L/D) ratio cavity models with varying length to width (L/W) ratio of 0.83 to 4. The time averaged shock wave structure was observed to change with change in cavity width. Dependence of the shock angle at the leading edge on the shear layer width is also evident from the images obtained. Unsteadiness in the flow field in terms of shear layer dynamics and quasi steady nature of shock waves was evident from the images obtained during instantaneous shadowgraph experiments. Apart from the leading and trailing edge shocks, several other waves and flow features were observed. These flow features and the associated physical phenomena are discussed in details and presented in the paper.

• 한국생물환경조절학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생물환경조절학회 2003년도 춘계 학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.48-51
• /
• 2003

아연도금 파이프 단동비닐하우스의 면적은 국내 원예시설면적의 80%를 차지하고 있으나, 시공의 용이성과 시공비의 저렴함으로 인하여 구조물로서의 공학적 설계에 대한 인식이 부족한 실정이다. 그리고, 온실형태는 지역농협이나 작목반 등에서 보유하고 있는 성형활대에 따라 결정이 되어지고 있다. 이러한 이유로 단동비닐하우스는 매년 태풍 및 폭설 등의 기상재해로 큰 피해를 입고 있는 실정이다. 따라서, 2001년말 농촌진흥청에서는 농가지도형 비닐하우스 모델을 10가지를 제안하였다. (중략)

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집B
• /
• pp.746-751
• /
• 2001

We used a cylindrical model which simulates turbine blade leading edge to investigate the effects of free-stream turbulence intensity and blowing ratio on film cooling of turbine blade leading edge. Tests are carried out in a low-speed wind tunnel on a cylindrical model with three rows of injection holes. Mainstream Reynolds number based on the cylinder diameter was $7.1\times10^4$. Two types of turbulence grid are used to increase a free-stream turbulence intensity. The effect of coolant blowing ratio was studied for various blowing ratios. For each blowing ratios, wall temperatures around the surface of the test model are measured by thermocouples installed inside the model. Results show that blowing ratios have small effect on spanwise-averaged film effectiveness at high free-stream turbulence intensity. However, an increase in free-stream turbulence intensity enhances significantly spanwise-averaged film effectiveness at low blowing ratio.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산유체공학회 2011년 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.243-248
• /
• 2011

The 3-dimensional flow field has been investigated by numerical analysis in a 2.5MW wind turbine blade. Complicated and separated flaw phenomena in the wind turbine blade were captured by the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) steady flaw simulation using general-purpose code, CFX and the mechanism of vortex structure behavior is elucidated. The vortical flow field in a wind turbine rotor is dominated by the tip vortex and hub separation vortex. The tip vortex starts to be formed near the blade tip leading edge. As the tip vortex develops in the tangential direction, interacting with boundary layer from the blade tip trailing edge. The hub separation vortex is generated near the blade hub leading edge and develops nearly in the span-wise direction. Furthermore, 3-dimensional blade tip shape has been designed for increasing shrift power and reducing thrust force on the wind turbine blade. It is expected that the behavior of the tip vortex and hub separation vortex plays a major role in aerodynamic and aeroacoustic characteristics.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.421-435
• /
• 2022

To investigate the non-Gaussian properties of fluctuating wind pressures and the error margin of extreme wind loads on a long-span curved roof with matching and mismatching ratios of turbulence integral scales to depth (L_u^x/D), a series of synchronized pressure tests on the rigid model of the complex curved roof were conducted. The regions of Gaussian distribution and non-Gaussian distribution were identified by two criteria, which were based on the cumulative probabilities of higher-order statistical moments (skewness and kurtosis coefficients, S_k and K_u) and spatial correlation of fluctuating wind pressures, respectively. Then the characteristics of fluctuating wind-loads in the non-Gaussian region were analyzed in detail in order to understand the effects of turbulence integral-scale. Results showed that the fluctuating pressures with obvious negative-skewness appear in the area near the leading edge, which is categorized as the non-Gaussian region by both two identification criteria. Comparing with those in the wind field with matching L_u^x/D, the range of non-Gaussian region almost unchanged with a smaller L_u^x/D, while the non-Gaussian features become more evident, leading to higher values of S_k, Ku and peak factor. On contrary, the values of fluctuating pressures become lower in the wind field with a smaller L_u^x/D, eventually resulting in underestimation of extreme wind loads. Hence, the matching relationship of turbulence integral scale to depth should be carefully considered as estimating the extreme wind loads of long-span roof by wind tunnel tests.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제44권10호
• /
• pp.843-852
• /
• 2016

실제 씨앗의 3차원 형상과 운동요소에 기반하여 단풍나무(Acer palmatum 종) 씨앗의 자동회전 비행을 수치적으로 해석하였다. 운동요소의 표준 값은 낙하속도는 1.26 m/s, 회전속도는 133.6 rad/s (1,276 rpm), 코닝 각은 $19.4^{\circ}$, 피치 각은 $-1.5^{\circ}$이다. 씨앗 날개의 스팬 안쪽에 위치한 컴팩트한 앞전 와류가 씨앗 날개 바람 반대면에 커다란 부압을 발생하게 하였다. 부압의 피크는 안쪽 스팬 단면 앞전 부근에 발생하였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 현저한 앞전 와류로 특징되는 흐름 형태와 공기력 계수의 값은 동적 상사를 갖도록 한 로봇 씨앗에 대하여 실험적으로 측정한 자료와 잘 일치하였다. 바람 반대 영역에 발달한 나선형 와류는 씨앗 끝을 향하여 전진하고 씨앗 끝 부분에서 이곳을 지나는 흐름과 합쳐지는데, 이와 같은 흐름이 자동회전하는 단풍나무 씨앗의 안정되고 부착된 LEV를 유지하게 하는 메카니즘으로 여겨진다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.28-36
• /
• 1992

The wind pressure distributions were analyzed to provide fundamental criteria for the structural design on e single-span arched house according to the wind directions through the wind tunnel experiment. In order to investigate the wind force distributions, the variation of the wind force coefficients, the mean wind force coefficients, the drag force coefficients and the lift force coefficients were estimated by using the experimental data. The results obtained are as follows: 1. When the wind direction was normal to the wall, the maximum positive wind pressure along the height of the wall occurred approximately at two-thirds of the wall height because of the effects of boundary layer flow. 2. When the wind direction was 30$^{\circ}$ to the wall, the maximum positive wind force occurred at the windward edge of the wall. When the wind direction was parallel to the wall, the maximum negative wind force occurred at the windward edge of the wall. 3. The maximum negative wind force along the width of the roof appeared around the width ratio, 0.4, and that along the length of the roof appeared around the length ratio, 0.5. 4. According to the results of the mean wind force coefficients analysis, the maximum negative wind force occurred on the roof at the wind direction of 30$^{\circ}$. 5. The wind forces at the wind direction of 30$^{\circ}$ instead of 0$^{\circ}$ are recommended in the structural design of supports for a house. 6. To prevent partial damage of a house structure by wind forces, the local wind forces should be considered to the structural design of a house.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.503-527
• /
• 2009

This paper presents experimental results on the behaviour and ultimate load of fifteen pipes and six roof panels made of ferrocement. Additional results from three roof panels, carried out by others, are also compared with this research results. OPC cement, natural sand and galvanised iron wire mesh were used for the construction of 20 mm thick specimens. The pipe length was 2 m and roof panel length was 2.1 m. The main variables studied were the number of wire mesh layers which were 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 layers, the inner pipe diameter which were 105, 210 and 315 mm, cross sectional shape of the panel which were channel and box sections and the depth of the edge beam which were 95 mm and 50 mm. All specimens were simply supported and tested for pure bending with test span of 600 mm at mid-span. Tests revealed that increasing the number of wire mesh layers increases the flexural strength and stiffness. Increasing the pipe diameter or depth of edge beam of the panel increases the cracking and ultimate moments. The change in the pipe diameter led to larger effect on ultimate moment than the effect of change in the number of wire mesh layers. The box section showed behaviour and strength similar to that of the channel with same depth and number of wire mesh layers.

• 콘크리트학회지
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.135-143
• /
• 1998

현행 AASHTO 및 AASHTO LRFD 설계기준에는 차선하중에 대한 윤하중분포폭을 차륜하중에 적용되는 윤하중분포폭의 2배를 적용하도록 규정하고 있다. 이에 반해 국내 도로교 표준시방서에는 차선하중에 대한 윤하중분포폭의 규정은 없는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 연속 철근콘크리트 슬래브 교량에 대한 윤하중분포폭에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 연속슬래브 교량의 윤하중분포폭에 영향을 미치는 인자들로는 지간길이, 교량폭, 단부보 및 지점조건이 있다. 이들 각 인자들에 대한 유한 요소 모델의 구성 및 해석을 통하여 연속 철근콘크리트 슬래브 교량의 합리적인 윤하중분포폭의 식을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 윤하중분포폭의 식은 현행 도로교 표준시방서에 제시되어 있지 않은 철근콘크리트 연속 슬래브 교량의 보다 정확한 설계 및 합리적인 내하력 산정시 매우 효율적으로 사용될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국공간구조학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국공간구조학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.37-42
• /
• 2008

구조물에서 케이블 부재는 압축이나 휨이 없이 인장력에 의해서 하중을 전달하는 시스템이다. 케이블 시스템은 대공간 구조의 지붕, 공기 지지구조, 프리스트레스 막구조, 케이블 네트워크 구조, 현수구조, 가이드 타워, 해양 프래트폼, 현수교 등의 구조물에 널리 사용되어 왔다. 케이블 부재는 부재 단부에 소켓, 스웨이징, 스프라이스 슬리브, 클립, 웨지, 루프 스프라이스 등에 의해서 하중을 전달 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 케이블 연결 소켓의 인장강도에 대한 실험을 수행하고자 한다. 실험결과에서 대부분의 시험체가 케이블이 파단하중에 도달하기 전에 소켓의 연결부에서 파단이 일어났다.