• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2002년도 춘계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.8-15
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• 2002

For the large scale computation of turbulent flows around an arbitrarily shaped body, a parallel LES (large eddy simulation) code has been recently developed in which domain decomposition method is adopted. METIS and MPI (message Passing interface) libraries are used for domain partitioning and data communication between processors, respectively. For unsteady computation of the incompressible Wavier-Stokes equation, 4-step splitting finite element algorithm [1] is adopted and Smagorinsky or dynamic LES model can be chosen fur the modeling of small eddies in turbulent flows. For the validation and performance-estimation of the parallel code, a three-dimensional laminar flow generated by natural convection inside a cube has been solved. Then, we have solved the turbulent flow around MIRA (Motor Industry Research Association) model at $Re = 2.6\times10^6$, which is based on the model height and inlet free stream velocity, using 32 processors on IBM SMP cluster and compared with the existing experiment.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.645-651
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• 2008

For a high speed train driving at 300 km/h, aero-acoustic noise is a dominant component among various noise sources. The aeroacoustic noise is mainly due to inter-coach spacings because discontinuities in the train surface significantly disturb turbulent flows. This often leads to the uncomfortableness of passengers. Interestingly, the aero-acoustic noise reduces with decreasing the mud-flap spacing of the inter-couch spacing. We perform numerical simulations to investigate flow characteristics around the inter-coach spacing. We model the inter-coach spacing as a simple 2-D cavity with flaps, and calculate the velocity and pressure field using two equation turbulence models, varying the flap spacing. The results show that a wider flap spacing develops a higher inflection point in mean velocity profiles over the cavity. It is likely that large eddies generated near the inflection point persist longer in the downstream since they are less affected by the wall. This probably induces the more aero-acoustic noises. The wider spacing also results in the larger pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cavity. This is also responsible for the increased noise since the large difference would cause a strong flow oscillations in and out of the cavity.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 화염의 안정화를 위하여 사용되는 선회류 발생 장치의 베인에 작은 스케일의 난류를 발생시킬 수 있는 난류 발생기를 장착하여 연료와 흡입공기의 혼합을 촉진시키고, 연소와 온도의 균일도를 향상시키기 의한 실험적 검토를 행하였다. 실험에서는 내부 혼합용 이유체 분사노즐 사용하여 등유를 분사시킨 후 연료와 흡입공기의 혼합과 연소 현상을 관측하였다. 난류발생기는 베인 각도에 따른 베인과 베인 사이의 각 단면의 면적을 계산하여 그 유로단면의 면적에 대한 비율로서 난류발생기의 면적을 결정하여 선회기를 통과하는 유로 단면적의 각각 0%, 3%, 7%, 12%에 해당하는 면적의 난류 발생기를 제작하여 선회기 출구 베인의 끝단에 설치하였다. 실용 연소기의 구조를 어느 정도 단순화한 환형 연소기에서의 농도분포, 화염구조 및 온도분포를 조사하여 효과적인 연소기내의 연소제어에 사용하고자 한다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.132-141
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• 1998

Particle image velocimetry(PIV), a planar measuring technique, is an efficient tool for studying the complicated flow field such as in-cylinder flow, and intake port flow. PIV can be also used for analyzing the integral length scale of turbulence, which is a measure of the size of the large eddies that contain most of the turbulence kinetic energy. In this study, dual color scanning PIV was designed and demonstrated by using a rotating mirror and a beam splitter. This PIV system allowed enlargement of flexibility in the intensity of vectors to be calculated by spatial filtering technique, even in combustion chamber with high velocity gradient and high vorticity$({\sim}1000s^{-1})$. A new color image processing algorithm was developed, which was used to find the direction of particle movement directly from the digital image. These measuring techniques were successfully applied to obtaining the turbulence intensity (~0.1m/s) and the turbulent integral length scale of vorticity(~1mm).

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.1175-1188
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• 1988

본 연구에서는 조건와류를 추출하려면 우선 속도상관관계를 알아야 하는데, 이를 위하여 실험적 데이타와 이론적 모델을 모두 적용하였다. 전자는 Van Atta와 Chen의 그리드 난류에서의 등방성에 가까운 속도상관관계 데이터를 취하여 이용하였으 며, 후자는 Driscoll과 Kennedy의 난류에너지 스펙트럼 모델을 해석하여 적용하였다. 이 이론적 모델은 레이놀즈수를 변화시킬 수 있는 장점이 있으며, 특히 벽면근처에서 의 와동구조해석을 위해서는 레이놀즈수가 작은 조건와류가 필요하다. 조건와류의 반지모양의 와동은 이방성분포인 평균전단유동에 중첩되어 전체 와동장을 구성하는데, 난류유동의 vortex stretching과정에서 중요한 역할을 하는 머리핀 와동(hairpin vor- tex)과 비슷한 구조를 이 전체 와동에서 구할 수 있다. 이는 조건와류의 와동장의 크기와 평균전단에 의한 평균 와동장의 상호크기에 따라 결정되는데, 실제 난류유동장 에서 난류전달과 레이놀즈 응력과 밀접한 관계가 있다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2016년도 학술발표회
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• pp.386-390
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• 2016

Water aeration is an effective water treatment process, which involves the injection of air or air-water mixture into water treatment reservoir commonly through pipes. The main purpose of water aeration is to maintain healthy levels of dissolved oxygen (DO), which is the most important water quality factor. The pipes' operating conditions are important for controlling the efficiency and effectiveness of aeration process. Many studies have been conducted on two-phase flows in pipes, however, there are a few studies to deal with small s ale in millimeter. The main objective of this study is to perform 2-dimensional two-phase simulations inside various straight pipes using the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) OpenFOAM (Open source Field Operation And Manipulation) tools to examine the influence of flow patterns on bubble size, which is closely related to DO concentration in a water body. The both flow regimes, laminar and turbulence, have been considered in this study. For turbulence, Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) has been applied. The coalescence and breakage of bubbles caused by random collisions and turbulent eddies, respectively, are considered in this research. Sauter mean bubble diameter and water velocity are compared against experimental data. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental measurements.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권9호
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• pp.3367-3382
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• 2023

Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is a Lagrangian computational fluid dynamics method that has been widely used in the analysis of physical phenomena characterized by large deformation or multi-phase flow analysis, including free surface. Despite the recent implementation of eddy-viscosity models in SPH methodology, sophisticated turbulent analysis using Lagrangian methodology has been limited due to the lack of computational performance and numerical consistency. In this study, we implement the standard and dynamic Smagorinsky model and dynamic Vreman model as sub-particle scale models based on a weakly compressible SPH solver. The large eddy simulation method is numerically identical to the spatial discretization method of smoothed particle dynamics, enabling the intuitive implementation of the turbulence model. Furthermore, there is no additional filtering process required for physical variables since the sub-grid scale filtering is inherently processed in the kernel interpolation. We simulate lid-driven flow under transition and turbulent conditions as a benchmark. The simulation results show that the dynamic Vreman model produces consistent results with experimental and numerical research regarding Reynolds averaged physical quantities and flow structure. Spectral analysis also confirms that it is possible to analyze turbulent eddies with a smaller length scale using the dynamic Vreman model with the same particle size.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.241-255
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• 1997

한국의 부산에 위치한 감천만에서의 해수유동을 파악하기 위하여 3차원 유동모델을 사용하여 계산을 하고 그 결과를 관측치와 비교하였다. 모델은 개방경계에서의 조직, 바람, 화력발전소에서의 온배수에 의해 힘을 받아 해수유동을 재현한다. 난류 혼합계수는 $\kappa-\varepsilon$난류클로즈 모델의 의해 계산하였다. 수온, 염분, 해조류를 현장관측하여 관측자료와 모델결과를 비교하였다. 소용돌이 형태의 흐름이 현장관측자료와 모델결과에서 관측되었는데 이는 약한 조류와 풍성류, 온배수의 상호작용에 의해 형성된 것으로 분석되어진다. 표층과 저층의 흐름은 서로 연관되어 있는데 즉, 표층의 흐름이 강해지는 저츠으이 흐름이 약해지고 반대의 경우도 성립한다.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.30-41
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• 2023

Aviation turbulence, caused by atmospheric eddies, is a disruptive phenomenon that leads to abrupt aircraft movements during flight. To minimize the damages caused by such aviation turbulence, the Aviation Meteorological Office provides turbulence information through the Korea aviation Turbulence Guidance (KTG) and the Global-Korean aviation Turbulence Guidance (GKTG). In this study, we evaluated the performance of the KTG and GKTG models by comparing the in-situ EDR observation data and the generated aviation turbulence prediction data collected from the mid-level Korean Peninsula region from January 2019 to December 2021. Through objective validation, we confirmed the level of prediction performance and proposed improvement measures based on it. As a result of the improvements, the KTG model showed minimal difference in performance before and after the changes, while the GKTG model exhibited an increase of TSS after the improvements.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-21
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• 1999

A two-layer quasi-geostrophic numerical model is used to investigate the temporal variability of the East Korea Warm Current (EKWC), especially the separation from the Korean coast and the generation of warm eddies. An attention is given on the active role of the nonlinear boundary layer process. For this, an idealized flat bottom model of the East Sea is forced with the annual mean wind curl and with the inflow-outflow specified at the Korea (Tsushima) and Tsugaru Straits. Two types of separation mechanisms are identified. The first one is influenced by the westward movement of the recirculating leg of the EKWC (externally driven separation),the second one is solely driven by the boundary layer dynamics (internally driven separation). However, these two processes are not independent, and usually coexist. It is hypothesized that 'internally driven separation' arises as the result of relative vorticity production at the wall, its subsequent advection via the EKWC, and its accumulation up to a critical level characterized by the separation of the boundary flow from the coast. It is found that the sharp southeastern corner of the Korean peninsula provides a favorable condition for the accumulation of relative vorticity. The separation of the EKWC usually accompanies the generation of a warm eddy with a diameter of about 120 km. The warm eddy has a typical layer-averaged velocity of 0.3 m/s and its lifespan is up to a year. In general, the characteristics of the simulated warm eddy are compatible with observations. A conclusion is therefore drawn that the variability of the EKWC is at least partially self-excited, not being influenced by any sources of perturbation in the forcing field, and that the likely source of the variability is the barotropic instability although the extent of contribution from the baroclinic instability remains unknown. The effects of the seasonal wind curl and inflow-outflow strength are also investigated.