• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.08a
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• pp.431-431
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• 2012

A compact tokamak reactor concept as a 14 MeV neutron source is desirable from an economic viewpoint for a fusion-driven transmutation reactor. LAR (Low Aspect Ratio) tokamak allows a potential of high "see full txt" operation with high bootstrap current fractions and can be used for a compact fusion neutron source. For the optimal design of a reactor, a radial build of reactor components has to be determined by considering the plasma physics and engineering constraints which inter-relate various reactor components and are constrained to use ITER physics and technology. In a transmutation reactor, the blanket should produce enough tritium for tritium self-sufficiency and the neutron multiplication factor, keff should be less than 0.95 to maintain sub-criticality. The shield should provide sufficient protection for the superconducting toroidal field (TF) coil against radiation damage and heating effects of the fusion neutrons, fission neutrons, and secondary gammas. In this work, characteristics of transmutation reactor based on LAR tokamak is investigated by using the coupled system analysis.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.214-225
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• 2018

Rice straw is the principal forage for Korean cattle. Limited supply of domestic forage forces Korea to depend on imported forage. Utilizing locally available domestic feed as an alternative would lead to self-sufficiency and stability in cattle farm management. Locally available feed can be utilized as forage. The challenge of collecting local feed has been overcome by machines that have been developed to harvest feed. Local feed can be completely consumed in the production regions, thus reducing transportation costs and increasing price competitiveness. Hitherto, studies have focused on feed technologies and price competitiveness, among other factors, while the substitution of forage has not been examined. This study conducts a quantitative analysis to estimate the extent to which local feed can replace existing forage. We find that local feed is cheaper, and abundantly available, and can thus replace high-quality forage.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.371-381
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• 1983

This study is aimed at identifying the economic effects of drainage improvement projects. The total area of poor drainage is equivalent to 170,000ha, 13% of the total area of paddy field in Korea. The development of poor drained paddy is an urgent problem considering the low rate of self-sufficiency of food grain and the limitation of farmer's income increase. Rapid development of Korean economy has brought labor shoriage in rural farming sector. Accordingly farm mechanization is an important agricultural policy to hike labor productivity and to save production costs of rice farming. The expected economic benefits of the drainage improvement project are derived from increasing land productivity, expanding double cropped area and farming the farm mechanization base in paddy fields. The economic and financial rate of return of the project are considered very important decision making criteria for project implementation by resource allocation. Therefore this study covered benefit and cost analysis of the sampled area, the estimated financial rate of returns in $Buy{\check{o}}$ and Jinsung are represented 15% and 51% respectively and the economic rate of returns in both project area are also showing 1% and 26% respectively. The rate of return of the projects has showed an outstanding variance according to the locational and natural characteristics of the project area. As showing the above economic rate of return, $Buy{\check{o}}$ is very low Jinsung is very high. But the financial rate of return of both projects are considered comparatively high. Cosequently, the drainage improvement projects should be promoted from the view point of farm income increase to make narrow the income gap between rural and urban incomes and farm mechanization to solve labor shortage in the rural area.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2001

This study is to reconsider the symbolic potential of the costume by investigating the role of cloth in Indian culture, noting the fact that Indians wore hand-woven cloth and adopted a flag with the spinning wheel in the center as part of their nationalistic programs for independence. The results are as follows; The Indian cotton industry had held the fist position in the world and spinning and weaving had been an Indian national industry until the early part of the 19th century. As for the Indian cotton industry under the rule of Britain, Indian was reduced to being a colony producing raw materials and a market of cheap British finished goods, and eventually fell into anarchy with economic poverty of the general public and peasants'uprising mixed with the complaint of the intellectuals. The Indian National Movement started as a resort to escape the British rule because of continuous poverty and social exhaustion, and its pivot was Gandhi. Gandhi launched a revolutionary noncooperation movement in Indian society with diverse races, religions and castes, and developed nation-wide campaigns such as Boycott, Swadeshi, the encouragement of spinning wheels, etc. Gandhi urged that Indians' weak identity and poverty were caused by the dissolution of their native craft and that the Indians should wear Indian products for economic independence. Accordingly, leaders of Indian National Congress regarded a spinning wheel as an economic necessity and national symbol, and approved manual spinning and weaving as part of their nationalistic programs in order to drew the general public to the nationalistic movement in 1920. They also decided that all Congressmen should wear hand-woven cloth, Khadi, and adopted spinning wheels as the logo type of Indian National Congress. Khadi, Indian national cloth, was a symbol of national unification, freedom and equality, and also a means of economic self-sufficiency, Swadeshi, and eventually led India to autonomy, Swaraji. Therefore, it can be concluded that the cloth converted Indias economic and political identity.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.141-157
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• 2000

This study is aimed at identifying the socio-economic value of the total area of 23,500ha of paddy field which will be reclaimed in year 2003. In Korea, tidal land reclamation projects has been carried out not only for paddy field expansion to meet national food security but also for national land expansion to cope with the shortage of land supply in implementing urbanization and industrialization. As of end of 1999, 75,738ha of tidal land reclamation, 48.3%, out of 156,666ha has been carried out in Korea. In spite of continuous implementation of tidal land reclamation, 48.3%, out of 156,666ha has been carried out in Korea. In spite of continuous implementation of tidal land reclamation projects, the appraisal of the national land expansion value has not been made even though the severe competitiveness of land use in economic development. Agricultural land about 20,000 - 30,000ha per year has been converted to urban and industrial land and the converted areas have been produced higher added value than that of the farm land. Accordingly, farm land expansion equivalent to the converted area have to be reclaimed to cope with the food shortage and security in the future. In relation to the study, demand and supply of rice, the staple food of Korean, has been projected up to year 2025. The study results are as follows: 1. Under the assumption of continuing the present tendencies of rice consumption, population increase, farming practices and farm land conversion, paddy area requirement to meet self sufficiency of rice were forecasted as 136,950ha in 2015, 193,460ha in 2020 and 218,482ha in 2025 respectively. 2. The average converted price of paddy per pyeong in Kimje city, Puna Gun and Gunsan city was estimated at 241,150won and average farm land price was amounted to 63,760won. The differential rent was estimated at 177,400won per pyeong which was used as a criteria for valuation of national land expansion effect of the tidal land reclaimed by Saemangeum project. The total land rent of 23,250ha expanded by tidal land reclamation was amounted to 12,361 billion won. Annual expected value of the expanded national land was estimated at 988.9 billion won considering 8% of annual discount rate in Korea. 3. Tidal land resource for paddy area development is limited comparing with the future requirement of paddy area to cope with self sufficiency of rice consumption. Accordingly farm land conversion to urban and industrial land should be regulated and protected in the sense of sustainable development in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.561-579
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• 2008

The population concentration in Seoul has caused the chronic housing shortage. Accordingly the new towns in the Capital region were developed to alleviate overcrowding conditions in Seoul. The purpose of this study is to analyze changes of migration and commuting patterns according to new town development in the Capital region for the period of $1995{\sim}2005$. Further this study examines the changes of self-sufficiency level for new towns using jobs to housing ratio. During the last 10 years, the migration pattern in the Capital region has been pretty much followed the new town development. Such a migration pattern has influenced the commuting patterns, expanding the Seoul Metropolitan Area into northeastern par of the Capital region. The result reveals that self-sufficiency levels of new towns have become higher over the period of $1995{\sim}2005$, indicating that new towns are gradually strengthening their economic functions and have potential to become new business centers in the future. Therefore, the policy focusing on the increase of the job-housing balance ratio and self-sufficient level in new towns will be a desirable policy alternative to solve the transportation problems in the Capital region.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.99-118
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• 2010

This objective of this study is to thoroughly analyze the policies of international organizations and major advanced countries relevant to the realization of Green port To construct Green ports, there first must be competition to build such ports in sustainable, fixed quantities. Second, there is a great need for cooperation and support networks made binding by mutual agreements on ship recycling. Third, there is a need for scientific research on responses to changes in environmental regulations and on environmental issues. Today, the majority of the world's ports use gasoline or electric energy, and improving capacities for self-sufficiency through development of new and renewable energy is judged to be a pressing task. The conditions for an eco-friendly port is that it must be an important center for economic and industrial activity, and valuable as a site where people live and work, with residences and work places existing in close proximity.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.63-74
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• 2019

As the awareness of food security has increased, the Korean government has established national projects, such as Saemangeum proclaimed land, to secure sources of grain. Saemangeum is a large-scale agricultural area that was constructed to maintain preparedness for unstable food markets. This study aims to develop a $6^{th}$ Industrialization Model (SIM) for Saemangeum Grain Complex by applying feasible strategies to wheat and two-rowed barley which have low self-sufficiency rates. In addition, this study estimates the potential economic value of each development strategy associated with a sixth industrialization model to create higher added values from production, processing and tourism experiences. The strategic plan for primary, secondary, and tertiary industries is to combine cultivating and processing wheat and two-rowed barley for sales and linking them to tourism experience. This study shows value added from the combination of the primary, secondary and tertiary industry of wheat and two-rowed barley are 7.5 and 23.0 times more than those of the primary and tertiary industry combination, respectively. Through branding Saemangeum Grain Complex's products, such as Saemanguem bread and craft beer, would further enhance the economic benefits derived from the complex.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.9-17
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• 2020

This study analyzed SWOT based on existing literature data to establish strategic tasks and strategic directions for revitalization of social economic organizations (Chungnam region). First, as a result of SWOT analysis of social economic organizations, a total of 16 factors were derived from the factors for strength (S), weakness (W), opportunity (O), and threat (T), with 4 factors each. Second, for strategic factors for social economic organizations, 16 strategic tasks were derived from SO strategy, ST strategy, WO strategy, and WT strategy through SWOT Matrix Mapping for factors established through SWOT analysis. Strategic direction 1 was established as a strategic direction to improve self-sufficiency by establishing a sustainable management body as a "advancing the support policy base of social economic organizations". Strategic Direction 2 is "Creating a Growth Foundation for Social Economic Organizations", which means a strategic direction for social economic organizations to grow and develop on their own. Strategic direction 3 is "discovering and fostering social economic organizations," which means a strategic direction for sustainable growth by discovering and fostering organizations that meet local characteristics so that social economic organizations can solve various problems in the region. Strategic direction 4 was 'promotion and promotion of social economic organizations', which means strategic directions for promotion of social economic organizations and promotion of education for employees.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.11-24
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• 2013

Sustainable development has been praised as important new planning paradigm. The concept is being increasingly used in planning processes to address environmental, social and economic sustainable development. The social sustainability is important as community in modern life. The purpose of this study is to find out the community elements of sustainable housing to make it better life in residential environment. The Methods are content analysis and experts survey. We execute the literature for method to find the importance and indicator of social sustainability. We execute the experts survey to find the adequacy of the classification criteria, the adequacy of the indicators and the adequacy of the classification system. The findings of this study are as following; the social sustainability is important to support the sustainable housing planning. The indicator of the social sustainability is deduced; 'Locality' are deduced 'Native support', 'History and culture' and 'Reflected the local characteristics'. 'Communality' are deduced 'Citizen participation', 'Social integration', 'Community space and facilities' and 'community activities and programs'. 'Organic' are deduced 'Employment', 'Self-sufficiency', 'Safety and convenience', 'Infrastructure and service' and 'Housing condition'.