• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.13-13
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• 2019

Soybean (Glycine max L. (Merr) is commonly consumed and found in major foods including soymilk, soy sauce, tofu, and soy sprout in Korea and east Asia. In addition, it is common to cook the whole seeds with rice. Soybean is known to have ranges of health benefits including antiaging, anticancer, neuroprotective and antidiabetic taken either as supplement or dietary food. Anthocyanins and flavonoids in G. max are found to be the main contributors to such wide arrays of health benefits. Due to increasing economic values of soybean, development of specialty soybean cultivars is becoming an area of interest worldwide. In this study, 746 black soybean accessions from National Agrobiodiversity Center were characterized as part of an attempt to identify important germplasms of G. max. Seed coats of each accession were analyzed for their total anthocyanin, cyanidin 3-O-Glucoside (C-3-O-G), delphinidin 3-O-glucoside (D-3-O-G), petunidin-3-O-glucoside (Pt-3-O-G), and their whole seeds for crude protein contents. HPLC was used to determine and quantify the anthocyanin compositions while crude protein was determined using Kjeldahl method by Kjeltec auto-analyzer (Kjeltec 8400, Foss, Sweden). Accessions were grouped according to their anthocyanins and protein contents; the mean content of which were correlated to agronomic traits including maturity date, one hundred seed weight, cotyledon color and seed lust color. The results indicated that the total anthocyanin content (TAC) ranged from 273.77 to 6250.52 mg/100 g, with mean value of 1853.03 mg/100 g while the crude protein content (CPC) being between 33.43 and 47.51%, with mean value of 40.81%. The highest number of accessions (45.97%) showed TAC between 1000~1900 mg/100 g while 30.96% of accessions showed CPC between 41~43%. Among the 746 accessions considered, 11 (IT142935, 175818, 175855, 177191, 177209, 177211, 177214, 177216, 177218, 177220, 177274) of them showed TAC above 4000 mg/100 g. C-3-O-G was found to be the major contributor to TAC showing strong correlation. Accessions with green cotyledon color showed high mean TAC compared to those having yellow cotyledon color, and accessions with dull seed lust color showed high mean TAC than those having shiny seed lust color. One hundred seeds weight and maturity date showed positive correlation with all anthocyanin contents, except for Pt-3-O-G in the latter case. The overall result of the present study could be used as background for developing new black soybean cultivars and breeds with high anthocyanin and protein contents. The result depicted that many of the accessions could be used as potential parental lines.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2021

The main purpose of this study is to assess the safety of the fixed anchorages subjected to the seismic motion for an operating facilities in the actual power plant. Thus, the experimental study was conducted to investigate the load response in the event of an actual seismic to the anchorages of a nonstructural components. Since there are economic and spatial constraints to study nonstructural components that actually have various forms, alternative test specimens of steel frames with mass were built and the shaking table test was carried out. In order to evaluate the dynamic characteristics and seismic performance, the natural frequency of the target structure was identified through the shaking table test and then the load response characteristics of the anchorage were evaluated by generating an artificial seismic effect like actual seismic. Finally, the structural stiffness was reinforced by fixing the steel frame to the test specimen using bolts, thereby reducing the load transmitted to the anchorage. It will be carried out on the reliability verification of the experiments and areas that have not been carried out due to the site conditions through the analytical approach in the future.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.61-65
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• 2021

Root-knot disease caused by Meloidogyne incognita is major soil pathogen and cause severe economic damages to vegetable crops. In this study, we selected rhizobacteria for biocontrol of the root-knot nematode, M. incognita, and identified; performed bioassay of the bacterial extracts in cucumber seedlings. The crude extracts of strains CT16 and JC05 out of 180 strains inhibited egg hatching and increased juvenile mortality in vitro assay; based on 16S rRNA sequences analysis, the two strains were identified as Bacillus sp. CT16, and Neobacillus sp. JC05. After extracting the bacterial supernatants by using various organic solvents, n-butanol and n-hexane extracts of strain CT16 and n-butanol extract of strain JC05 showed inhibitory activity of egg hatching depending on concentrations. Subsequently, n-butanol extracts of two strains significantly suppressed formation of egg masses in cucumber seedling. Therefore, these results indicated that strains CT16 and JC05 could be used as potential biocontrol agents against M. incognita.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.147-155
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• 2021

To investigate the incidence of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) in perilla fields in Korea, 55 soil samples were collected from open fields and plastic-film house fields and were analyzed during January 2020 to October 2020. Root-lesion nematodes (RLNs), spiral nematodes, root-knot nematodes, and stunt nematodes were detected in perilla fields, and the incidences of RLNs (39%) and spiral nematodes (55%) were higher than those of other nematodes. Among PPNs, RLNs are very important species found on economic crops. The detection frequency of RLNs was increased due to continuous crop cultivation, and the frequency of fields that cultivated only one crop continuously for over 11 years was twice higher than the frequency of fields that cultivated only one crop for less than 5 years. The PPN species diversity and density were different between leaf-perilla cultivation fields and seed-perilla cultivation fields. In phylogenetic analysis of RLNs, Pratylenchus penetrans, P. vulnus, and Pratylenchoides leiocauda were identified in perilla fields. These results suggest the RLNs should be considered for establishing nematode management strategies in perilla fields in Korea.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.303-309
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• 2020

The populations of Polyphagostarsonemus latus (Acari: Tarsonemidae) have been causing serious economic damages to farmers by directly feeding on leaves of green perilla. However, sampling of P. latus is impossible because there is no suitable sample unit until now. Thus, this study was conducted to suggest suitable sample unit and required sample number for P. latus on green perilla. Individuals of P. latus started to occurr from the leafstalk within a leaf. They required approximated 25 days to spread to all areas within a leaf. New shoots would be a suitable sample unit for P. latus on green perilla because its density on shoots per ㎠ was always higher than the densities on fully grown and moderately grown leaves. Required sample number at D = 0.25 was estimated as a shoot when eggs, nymphs, and adults of P. latus were observed within a leaf. Therefore, Using this small sample unit for sampling of P. latus on green perilla could be economical and efficient.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2023

Plus tree selection is the essential first step in a tree improvement program. This study was carried out to select plus trees of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) for tree improvement in Korea. The candidate plus trees of black locust were selected from twenty-one places in the four provinces (Gangwon, Gyeonggi, Chungcheong and Gyeongsang) following comparison selection. The trees were examined for qualitative and quantitative traits of economic interest like tree height (H), diameter at breast height (DBH), clear bole height (CBH), stem straightness (SS), crown size (CS) and disease resistance. The 64 selected trees showed higher quality in growth characteristics than control trees. Average of height, DBH, CBH, SS and CS were 20.5 m, 31.1 cm, 10.1 m, 1.2 and 5.2 m respectively. In particular, it was shown that the growth characteristics were higher in Chungcheong population. The superiority percentage of selected candidate plus trees of black locust over their respective check trees ranged from 7.3% to 18.9% in height, 20.0% to 40.6% in DBH, 32.8% to 73.5% in CBH, 42.9% to 55.2% in SS and -11.1% to 9.4% in CS, respectively. The selected black locust will be useful in future tree breeding programs based on their clonal and progeny performance.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.37-48
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• 2010

In this study, the seepage flow monitoring method by the hydraulic head loss rate was developed for the purpose of application to offshore construction site enclosed by cofferdams in which seepage force varies periodically. The amount of the hydraulic head loss rate newly defined in this graph was in a range between 0 and 1. The zero of the rate means the existence of flow with no seepage resistance. The 1 of the rate means no seepage flow through the ground. The closer to 1 the coefficient of determinant in the hydraulic head loss graph is, the more the ground through which seepage water flows is stable. The closer to 0 the coefficient of determinant in the hydraulic head loss graph is, the more the ground through which seepage water flows was unstable and the higher the possibilities of existence of empty space or of occurrence of piping on the seepage flow pass in the ground is. The hydraulic head loss graph makes it possible to monitor sensitively the situation of seepage flow state, and the graph helps to understand easily the seepage flow state at the specific section on the whole cofferdam.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.3D
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• pp.423-429
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• 2008

The object of the present study is to estimate the potential effects of climate change and land use on soil erosion in the mid-east Korea. Simulated precipitation by CCCma climate model during 2030-2050 is used to model predicted soil erosion, and results are compared to observation. Simulation results allow relative comparison of the impact of climate change on soil erosion between current and predicted future condition. Expected land use changes driven by socio-economic change and plant growth driven by the increase of temperature and are taken into accounts in a comprehensive way. Mean precipitation increases by 17.7% (24.5%) for A2 (B2) during 2030-2050 compared to the observation period (1966-1998). In general predicted soil erosion for the B2 scenario is larger than that for the A2 scenario. Predicted soil erosion increases by 48%~90% under climate change except the scenario 1 and 2. Predicted soil erosion under the influence of temperature-induced fast plant growth, higher evapotranspiration rate, and fertilization effect (scenario 5 and 6) is approximately 25% less than that in the scenario 3 and 4. On the basis of the results it is said that precipitation and the corresponding soil erosion is likely to increase in the future and care needs to be taken in the study area.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2024

This study was conducted to validate the growth and productivity of cucumber hydroponics using coir as the medium, different types of nutrient solutions and formal methods, in order to select the most efficient cultivation method. The nutrient solutions consisted of culture solution (S) and raw water (W), the planting methods were rockwool cube seedlings (RC), rockwool plug seedlings (RP), and slab directly seedlings (DS). The reference date was set the sowing date. The initial growth showed a significant increase in the culture solution treatment, the differences among treatments decreased as the growth period lengthened. There was no apparent correlation between the planting methods and growth, but different results were observed among the same planting methods depending on nutrient solution used. Similarly, productivity followed a similar trend, with significantly higher harvest in the culture solution treatment during the initial harvest period of 6-8 weeks after sowing, but the harvest gap among treatments were diminished in the after period. The cumulative harvest was significantly higher in the culture solution treatment due to the initial difference in harvest quantity. Plant growth and fruit productivity exhibited a similar trend, showing a linear relationship. There was no correlation among the planting methods, but direct seedling with the culture solution showed the highest initial growth and harvests due to stable nutrient and moisture supply in the initial root zone. Therefore, it is believed that direct seeding method on the culture solution medium would be most advantageous for plant growth and productivity. Additionally, it is expected to contribute to cost effectiveness from an economic perspective through simplification of the cultivation process, labor costs and production cost reduction

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2002

An International Cooperative Biodiversity Group (ICBG) program based at the University of Illinois at Chicago initiated its activities in 1998, with the following specific objectives: (a) inventory and conservation of of plants of Cuc Phuong National Park in Vietnam and of medicinal plants of Laos; (b) drug discovery (and development) based on plants of Vietnam and Laos; and (c) economic development of communities participating in the ICBG project both in Vietnam and Laos. Member-institutions and an industrial partner of this ICBG are bound by a Memorandum of Agreement that recognizes property and intellectual property rights, prior informed consent for access to genetic resources and to indigenous knowledge, the sharing of benefits that may arise from the drug discovery effort, and the provision of short-term and long-term benefits to host country institutions and communities. The drug discovery effort is targeted to the search for agents for therapies against malaria (antimalarial assay of plant extracts, using Plasmodium falciparum clones), AIDS (anti-HIV-l activity using HOG.R5 reporter cell line (through transactivation of the green fluorescent protein/GFP gene), cancer (screening of plant extracts in 6 human tumor cell lines - KB, Col-2, LU-l, LNCaP, HUVEC, hTert-RPEl), tuberculosis (screening of extracts in the microplate Alamar Blue assay against Mycobacterium tuberculosis $H_{37}Ra\;and\;H_{37}Rv),$ all performed at UIC, and CNS-related diseases (with special focus on Alzheimer's disease, pain and rheumatoid arthritis, and asthma), peformed at Glaxo Smith Kline (UK). Source plants were selected based on two approaches: biodiversity-based (plants of Cuc Phuong National Park) and ethnobotany-based (medicinal plants of Cuc Phuong National Park in Vietnam and medicinal plants of Laos). At mc, as of July, 2001, active leads had been identified in the anti-HIV, anticancer, antimalarial, and anti- TB assay, after the screening of more than 800 extracts. At least 25 biologically active compounds have been isolated, 13 of which are new with anti-HIV activity, and 3 also new with antimalarial activity. At GSK of 21 plant samples with a history of use to treat CNS-related diseases tested to date, a number showed activity against one or more of the CNS assay targets used, but no new compounds have been isolated. The results of the drug discovery effort to date indicate that tropical plant diversity of Vietnam and Laos unquestionably harbors biologically active chemical entities, which, through further research, may eventually yield candidates for drug development. Although the substantial monetary benefit of the drug discovery process (royalties) is a long way off, the UIC ICBG program provides direct and real-term benefits to host country institutions and communities.