• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.52-59
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• 2013

The use of economic incentives to improve H&S performance in the construction industry in general, has been investigated by various scholars. However, few studies have looked at the impact of economic incentives on construction clients especially in the developing world. Therefore it was necessary to investigate specifically the impact of the economic incentive on client's H&S performance. Economic incentives are considered to be a proactive way of improving H&S performance. The investigation was conducted using a Delphi technique to determine the impact significance of the economic incentive or disincentive on construction clients' H&S performance. Findings from the study were that the economic factor had critical impact significance on clients' H&S performance. Further clients were 'very likely to' implement various H&S elements as a result of the economic incentive and disincentive. The paper will report on the findings from an analysis of impact significance of the economic incentives on clients. It will underscore the point that economic incentives or disincentives on construction clients are necessary to encourage them to actively participate in H&S performance improvement.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.25-36
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to activate the disposition behaviour of dealing with the recyclable clothes by using the primary causes related to the behaviour. The summary of the outcome of this research is as follows. First. the attitude of girl students toward the consumption of their clothes is of great value. It presents the attitudes toward both the internal incentive and the external incentive are of great value and the attitude toward the external incentive has a little higher level than the attitude toward the internal incentive does : the altruistic behaviour of high school girls who tend to simply give or donate their clothes to their relatives or neighbors has a higher level than the economic behaviour by barter or sale at second-hand. Second. there's a positive correlation between the attitude toward the consumption of clothes and the altruistic behaviour in dealing with clothes and there is not a significant correlation between the attitude toward the consumption of clothes and the economic behaviour. The attitude toward the internal incentive has a positive correlation with the altruistic disposition. This research shows that there's a positive correlation between the attitude toward the external incentive and the economic disposition behaviour and the altruistic disposition behaviour. Third. the relative power of influence of the related variables that have an effect on the altruistic disposition behaviour shows that the attitude toward the internal incentive comes first and the personal contact with the information comes second. the attitude toward the consumption of clothes comes third and the existence of mother's job comes last in order of influence. The relative power of influence of the related variables that have an effect on the economic disposition behaviour shows that grades and the attitude toward the external incentive comes first and the existence of siblings comes next in order of influence.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.715-725
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to understand the Korean consumers' socially responsible clothing acquisition behavior respond to altruistic and economic incentives toward recycling of clothing and the relations between demographic variables and acquisition behavior. Data were collected from the adult females residing in Seoul. Judgement Sampling were performed twice and total 549 sets of answers were used for final analysis. The results are as follows : First the consumers of favoring altruistic and economic incentive prefer to acquire clothing with free cost and the consumers favoring altruistic incentive tend to acquire clothing through unknown persons,. Second the analysis of relationship between the attitude toward recycling incentives and the demographic variables shows that the consumers with relatively higher education have strong will for recycling by altruistic incentive. Third the analysis of relationship between acquisition behavior and the demographic variables shows that consumers with relatively lower education normally acquire clothing from unknown persons and from acquaintance. In addition married persons tend to acquire clothing at free of cost.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 2004

This paper presents a new approach for determining an accurate incentive levels of Direct Load Control (DLC) program using sequential Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) techniques. The economic analysis of DLC resources needs to identify the hourly-by-hourly expected energy-not-served resulting from the random outage characteristics of generators as well as to reflect the availability and duration of DLC resources, which results the computational explosion. Therefore, the conventional methods are based on the scenario approaches to reduce the computation time as well as to avoid the complexity of economic studies. In this paper, we have developed a new technique based on the sequential MCS to evaluate the required expected load control amount in each hour and to decide the incentive level satisfying the economic constraints. In addition, the mathematical formulation for DLC programs' economic evaluations are developed. To show the efficiency and effectiveness of the suggested method, the numerical studies have been performed for the modified IEEE reliability test system.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.33-43
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aims to verify sellers' economic incentives for voluntarily disclosing negative information in online markets and provide practical guidelines to online sellers in terms of whether, when, and how sharing low quality to buyers increase sales. Research design, data and methodology: Our model examines the number of bidders in Internet auctions to measure potential demand and uses count data analysis following previous studies that have also analyzed the number of bidders in auctions. After checking over-dispersion and zero-inflation in our data, we have run a Poisson regression to analyze the effect of sharing negative information on sales. Results: This study presents a counterintuitive result that low-quality sellers can increase their demand by fully disclosing negative information in an online market, if appropriate risk-reducing methods are employed. Our finding thus shows that there exists economic incentive for online sellers to voluntarily disclose negative information about their products, and that the context of transactions may affect this incentive structure as the incentive varies across product categories. Conclusions: As the positive impact of disclosing negative information has rarely been studied so far, this paper contributes to the literature by providing a unique empirical analysis on the impact of sellers' honesty on sales. By verifying economic incentives of disclosing low quality with actual online sales data, this study suggests practical implications on information disclosure strategy to many online sellers dealing with negative information.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.81-88
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• 2010

Current trend on sustainable tall building shows significant efforts on the integrated design approaches for the performative design to achieve efficient building for the energy, structural and materials. The design of tall buildings should take into consideration of environmental impact and economic benefits from sustainable approaches to ensure low energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Designing sustainable tall building require concerns and comprehensive understanding of sustainable building technology, sustainable rating system and supporting incentive policy. The research has been conducted on available rating system and the incentive policy for sustainable building design methodology through cases studies for this study. In the paper, author tried to emphasis the role of the incentive policy for the sustainable building and provides survey of the impact on rating, adaptable use of sustainable building technology on the current practice of tall building design.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.61 no.11
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• pp.1578-1583
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• 2012

There are 3 systems in incentive-based normal load management in Korea; day or hour-ahead, week-ahead, months-ahead. These are originally similar in their operational implementation, but differ in their pre-notification period. Therefore the incentive of these systems should be different according to prenotification period. This is the key problem in implementing these load managements. Customers participating in these load managements feel their economic differences, depending on the risk by prenotification dates. The shorter prenotification period, the more risk take the customers. This paper proposes the method of incentive variation in prenotification difference, by using the theory of financial yield curve, which is used in analysing short and long duration bond interesting rates and is reflecting risk premium in their period.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.339-347
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• 2004

This paper asks the question: what choice of environmental policy instruments is efficient to reduce sulfur dioxide from stationary sources\ulcorner: In Korea, command and control has been a common way of controlling $SO_2-emissions.$ When compared to the non-incentive environmental policy instrument such as command and control, economic incentive environmental policy instrument has been the advantage of making polluter himself flexibly deals with in marginal abatement cost to develop environmental technology in the long view. Therefore, the application possibility of the incentive environmental policy instrument was studied in this research to realize the countermeasure for controlling of $SO_2-emissions.$ As a result, enforcement of the countermeasure such as flue gas desulfurizer by command and control would be suitable because power generation is performed by the public or for the public in source of air pollution and thus, economic principle is not applied to the polluter. In the source of industrial pollution, enforcement of fuel tax is found to be suitable for the countermeasure for the use of low sulfur oil in terms of the flexibility of demand for the price in the long tenn. For the permissible air pollution standards applicable to all air pollutant emitting facilities, enforcement of incentive environmental policy such as bubble, off-set, banking policy or tradeable emission penn its would be ideal in long terms according to the regional characteristics and the number and scale of air pollutant emitting facilities.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.69-96
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• 2013

This paper is to critically review the economic reasoning of non-sustainability of welfare state due to its intrinsic incentive problems and to see how the nordic welfare state responds to them. The welfare state as a political design of state to pursue equality has social insurance as its main economic function. It survives market failure of private insurance to contribute to human capital investment and industrial restructuring. The universal tax-financed welfare state, however, has the problem of tragedy of commons such as reduced work incentive and work ethics. But, the existing nordic welfare state overcomes it through employment-focused policy arrangements, maintenance of work ethics and benefits moral, incentive mechanism of wage-compression, public educational investment and its complementation with social security. The Nordic model shows that problems of incentive and moral are not about those of theory and reasoning, but about their reality which policies and institutions could respond to.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• summer
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• pp.666-670
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• 2004

This paper presents a new approach for determining an accurate incentive levels of Direct Load Control (DLC) program using sequential Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) techniques. The economic analysis of DLC resources needs to identify the hourly-by-hourly expected energy-not-served resulting from the random outage characteristics of generators as well as to reflect the availability and duration of DLC resources, which results the computational explosion. Therefore, the conventional methods are based on the scenario approaches to reduce the computation time as well as to avoid the complexity of economic studies. In this paper, we have developed a new technique based on the sequential MCS to evaluate the required expected load control amount in each hour and to decide the incentive level satisfying the economic constraints. And also the proposed approach has been considered multi-state as well as two-state of the generating units. In addition, we have applied the variance reduction technique to enhance the efficiency of the simulation. To show the efficiency and effectiveness of the suggested method the numerical studies have been performed for the modified IEEE reliability test system.