• 한국사회복지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국사회복지학회 2002년도 국제학술대회 자료집
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• pp.3-19
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• 2002

The problems and needs of families in Hong Kong are becoming more complex. Traditional family structures and functions are rapidly eroding. Moreover, family problems are further exacerbated by a growing number of socio-economic issues including rising divorce rates and extra-marital affairs. continuous family reunion migration from Mainland China, emotional and financial cost of caring for the older people and the changing economy which has pushed more families into hardship. In effect, more and more families are becoming vulnerable to risk. Traditional family services in Hong Kong are varied in mode, operation and provision, often overlapping in service boundaries with other family-oriented programs. In many instances, family service centers are stretched far beyond their capacity. As a consequence, they become too reactive, remedial and casework dominated. The University of Hong Kong Consultant Team recommended that family service programs have to protect vulnerable families and strengthen family capacities to promote maximum independence. The direction of family services is summarized as: strengthening families; child-centered, family-focused and community-based. New integrative family service centers aim at attaining the principles of promoting accessibility to users with minimum physical, psychological and administrative barriers; early identification of needs and intervention before the further deterioration of problems; integration of services cutting across program boundaries, and partnership between service providers to achieve efficient and effective use of scarce resources. Under the new model, multi-skilled teams can respond more proactively to a wide range of social needs, rather than addressing needs in isolation. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the new model, the consultant team has been commissioned by the government to evaluate the performance of these two-year pilot projects. More importantly, a coherent and family-friendly social policy should be formulated to strengthen family capacity against family-related problems.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.121-135
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• 2004

'Long-life' which has been the perennial interest to human beings also carries the risk of multiple losses such as the death of the family members and friends, the loss of physical and cognitive functions. In that regards, living a long life to be the 'oldest-old' could mean not only a 'symbol of successful aging' but also a hardship and low quality of life at the same time. Therefore, the issue of the quality of life of the oldest old has been the subject of the much of the public and research concern in recent days. While there has been increased awareness about the importance of the subjective aspects of the quality of life and meanings attached to the extended life, most researches on the quality of life of the oldest-old have focused only on the objective conditions of the quality of life such as health, economic status and housing conditions. To overcome these limitations this study aims to explore the subject meaning of 'living a long life' in Korean society by investigating centenarians and their caregivers' interpretations of aging experiences. Qualitative data were gathered from the forty-nine Korean centenarians and their caregivers through in-depth interview. Each interview was tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Researchers read each transcript a number of times to get some emerging themes. Most striking result was the fact that most of the centenarians express the 'guilty feelings' and try to offer the 'excuses' about their long life. This results were quite contrary to the results of the studies, done in Japan and western countries like Sweden, United States and Germany, where most of the oldest-old express quite positive interpretations about their long-life and take pride in their longevity. Lack of social support, cohort characteristics of the Korean oldest-old and the cultural interpretations linking the death of children to the long life of older generation are given as possible factors to these unique findings of Korean study. The policy implications of the results are discussed.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2004

This study is to examine relationships of several socioeconomic position indicators with mortality risk in a nationwide longitudinal study of South Korea. The Korea Labor & Income Panel Study, conducted on a probability sample of urban South Korean households by Korea Labor Institute, contains date of death information for the decedents which were used to estimate relative risks of mortality and their $95\%$ confidence intervals (CI) with Cox regression analysis. A total of 125 men and women among 8,415 subjects died between 1998 and 2002. Socioeconomic differentials in mortality were observed after adjustment for sex and age. Those with less than 12-year education had 1.90 times $(95\%\;CI=1.25-2.91)$ greater mortality risk than those with 12-year education or more. Greater mortality risks were also found among those with low occupational class and manual occupation. The magnitude of differentials in mortality risks between occupational class were similar in two different approaches to measuring women's occupational class: (1) approach 1 where women, married or not, retain their own occupational class, and (2) approach 2 where married women are assigned their husbands' occupational class. Relative risks of dying among those with low household Income were 1.62 $(95\%\; CI=1.08-2.42)$ compared with the counterparts. Those who reported economic hardship at the time of survey in 1998 had greater risk of mortality $(RR=1.83,\;95\%\;CI=1.21-2.78)$ than those who did not. In conclusion, increased social discourse and policy discussions about these health inequalities are needed in Korean society. Future studies should explore the causes and mechanisms of socioeconomic mortality inequalities.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.454-462
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• 2017

본 연구는 노인 고독사 현상에 대한 이해를 목적으로 미디어 자료를 사용하여 고독사 사례를 살펴보고자 하였다. 질적 연구방법으로 사례분석 방법을 적용하였다. 고독사 사례는 2007년부터 2017년 초까지 보도된 미디어 자료를 사용하였다. 자료 수집은 인터넷 검색 엔진을 사용하여 수행하였으며, 총 47사례가 최종 분석에 사용되었다. 60대 21사례, 70대 17사례, 80대 이상 9사례를 분석에 사용하였다. 성별은 남성 22사례, 여성 17사례, 성별미상 사례 8사례로 나타났다. 분석 결과, 고독사 사례에서 나타난 주요 위험요인으로는 빈곤과 경제적 곤경, 만성질환, 정신건강 문제, 사회적 고립, 가족 및 이웃과의 관계 절연, 실업, 1인 가구, 독신 혹은 이혼, 그리고 대도시 거주 등으로 파악되었다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 향후 예방 전략에 대한 논의를 제기하였다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.21-39
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• 1999

An increasing number of hospitals are seeking for new or mixed compensation strategies to improve the productivity of their medical staff in the struggle to provide high quality medical services at low costs amid the economic hardship. To motivate physicians toward the right direction, it is necessary to effectively evaluate their performance that provides a basis for compensation. However, productivity has been historically difficult to measure, particularly for physicians in academic medical centers who are expected to engage in research, education, and patient care simultaneously. The objectives of this study were to define performance measures of physicians and clinical departments in academic medical centers. to examine correlations between the measures. and to investigate factors affecting the measures. The performance data of 212 faculty physicians in 17 clinical departments in two university teaching hospitals affiliated to one medical school during the fiscal year 1994 was used for analyses. Patient care revenue, net profit. and adjusted number of patients were defined to measure the performance in patient care. and number of articles published in academic journals and research grant were defined for research activities. Both individual physicians' performance measures and per physician measures of clinical departments were analyzed. All measures defined to evaluate individual physicians' performance were positively related to each other. Clinical department and rank of faculty position were statistically significant predictors of revenue. and hospital. clinical department. and rank were significant predictors of net profit. journal publication. and research grant. Patient care measures defined to evaluate clinical departments were related to each other. so were research measures. and no significant correlations were found between patient care measures and research measures. Also found were large differences in department. ranks when clinical departments were evaluated by absolute per physician performance measures and evaluated by annual rate of changes in performance measures. These findings suggest that departmental performance measures opposed to individual performance measures are relatively free from problems of factors affecting the performance measures that are not in control of clinical departments or individual physicians. Results from the correlation analysis of departmental performance measures indicates that measures of research performance should be included in the evaluation to promote research activities in academic medical centers.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.1-25
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• 2002

본 연구는 과학영재교육센터에 선발된 학생들의 가정 환경, 지적 선호, 장래 희망, 지적 과외 활동 등으로 구성된 지적 능력의 배경을 조사하고, 지적능력에 대한 수용 태도와 그 태도를 나타내는 요인을 탐색하기 위하여 과학영재 학생들을 대상으로 설문조사와 분석을 하였다. 본 연구 결과 초등학교 과학영재 학생의 가정은 대체로 경제적으로 교육을 시키는데 어려움이 없었으며, 지적으로는 높은 수준의 환경을 갖고 있었다. 과학영재 학생이 순수과학자가 되기를 희망하는 경우 이들은 과학과목을 좋아하고, 과학 책을 즐겨 읽으며 남학생일 경우가 많았다. 지적 능력에 대한 과학영재 학생들의 수용 태도는 대체로 지능에 대한 자신감은 크지 않았지만 학습을 통하여 지식이 많아지면 지능과 능력이 향상될 것으로 생각하고 있었다. 이러한 태도의 요인으로 자기의 지능에 대한 다른 사람의 높은 기대, 과제 해결에 대한 자신감과 여유, 학습에 의해 지능과 능력이 향상될 것으로 기대, 지능에 대한 자신감과 상황 참여에의 적극성 등 4가지 요인을 정의하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2007

대한민국은 중국 일본과 같이 바다로 인접하여, 항해를 하거나 조업을 위한 배타적 경제수역(EEZ: Exclusive Economic Zone) 때문에 분재의 소지를 담고 있다. 특히 해상 사고에서 어선의 경우 조업일지와 항해장비의 부실 등으로 국가 간 분쟁 시 증거자료 채택할 수 있는 경우는 드물다. 해상에서 컴퓨터 등의 디지털 증거는 무결성이 훼손된다면 결정적인 증거가 재판정에서 기각당하거나 국제적으로 분쟁 시 증거로 채택되지 않는다. 본 논문에서는 이 문제점을 해결하는 방안으로 해상 디지털 포렌식을 제안하면서, 공해상 선박에서 디지털 포렌식 자료를 위한 주요내용, 요구사항, 적용사항 및 선박 디스크, 선박 네트워크, 선박 무선 포렌식 자료를 추출하고 이를 입증하는 방법을 제시한다. 그리고 실제 공해상에서 해상 디지털 포렌식의 사례에 관한 실증연구를 하여, 분쟁소지가 많은 선박에서 과학수사의 일환으로 활용될 것이며, 디지털 포렌식의 증거가 채택되는 국제간의 공해상 분쟁해결의 중요한 열쇠가 될 것이다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 1991

동양에서는 생약을 주로 한약조제에 많이 이용되고 있으나 서양에서는 신의약품 개발과 제조에 이용되고 있다. 그러나 최근에 와서는 국내외를 막론하고 제약업계에서 양약의 제조와 신의약품 개발에 치중하여 생약의 수요가 증가하고 있다. 따라서 당국에서는 계획생산에 대한 지도와 자금지원, 품종관리, 재배 및 신의약품개발에 대한 연구지원, 수입통제에 의한 농민보호등 제도적 지원을 강화하여 우리나라 주종 재배약초의 자포자기적인 생산기피현상을 막아야 할 것이다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.441-450
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• 2017

Childcare related studies have focused on the characteristics of care work, policy aspects, user family satisfaction, and job satisfaction of childcare helpers. But there have been few studies on family system characteristics that support childcare givers. Thus, this study conducted on the topic, "How to characterize the family resilience of long-term childcare givers?" The subjects belong to a healthy family support center in U. City, who belong to a group with an income in the top 20 % of about 20 persons working for more than 3 years. In an interview, qualitative questions were used Walsh's family resilience. The results are as follows. First, they had economic hardship, but their family would stand together and build up a family's power based on the couple's faith. They had a family role model based on their parents' family that included inherited maternity qualities from their mother. Second, the flexibility of the family organization changed to autonomous or co-role type and the connectivity. Especially, they appear as a family's leader. Third, their family communication was active, shared-care, responsible and passionate with family affection and understanding. The conclusions results are as follows. Participants were high school graduates as well as had work experience. They were characterized by positive family energy, a family belief system, family-based resources, flexibility, connectivity, open family communication and expression skills. Therefore, it can be suggested that it is necessary to check the family's resilience during an interview for the reliable, long-term supply of human resources for childcare activities.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제44권
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• pp.146-177
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• 2001

One of the difficulties of female-headed families face is economic hardship. Low-income single mothers work long hours, become isolated and feel burdened for dual roles. And many of them don't have relatives to share parenting roles. As a result, children of low-income female-headed families are easy to be neglected and left to form a delinquency-prone group in neighborhood. Traditionally, it has been viewed that children in female-headed families have problems due to the loss of father role. However, study indicates that these children can adjust well if the relationship between mothers and children is consistent and adequate. An Intervention program for low-income female-headed elementary children was developed and delivered in two community social welfare centers. The purpose of the program is to raise self-esteem. Two goals were 1) management of daily living habits and 2) improvement of family relations. Social workers maintained contact with mothers to talk about children's behaviors and to prompt hugging and touching. In addition, workers helped children to form good relationships with peers and school teachers. Children were satisfied with the program. Their family relations were improved statistically significantly after the program(wilcoxon signed rant test z=-2.934 p<.05). However, their self esteem were not improved significantly (wilcoxon signed test z=-1.173 p>.05). Qualitative analysis of each children were also discussed. The implications of the study are the followings: Intervention programs need to be delivered separately for low-grade and high grade elementary children because they have different developmental needs. The program also need to include education on sex and marriage as well as aggression reduction. Society needs to provide more support to single mothers for their personal and parenting needs.