• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.349-361
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the dietary adaptation and use of the university foodservice (UF) in Korea according to the residence period of foreign students. The average length of residence in Korea of t he subjects was 8.2 months. The period of residence was divided into quartiles: 1-4 months in the first quartile (average 2.2 months), 5-7 months in the second quartile (average 6.3 months), 8 months in the third quartile, and 9-66 months in the fourth quartile (average 18.3 months). The regularity of meals tended to be the highest in the 1st quartile and lowest in the 2nd quartile and then increased in the 3rd and 4th quartiles. The frequency of consumption of delivery food and convenience store food was lowest in the first quartile and highest in the second quartile and then decreased with the period of residence. The frequency of night eating increased according to the period of residence after the second quartile. The degree of adaptation to Korean foods was highest in the first quartile. The use of the university cafeteria was significantly higher in the 1st and 4th quartiles than in the 2nd and 3rd quartiles (p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively). The satisfaction with the UF decreased as the residence period increased. Based on these results, since international students are very positive and try to adapt to the dietary life in Korea in their early years of studying in Korea, it would be desirable to intensively support them to adjust to their dietary life at this time. In addition, since it takes about 18 months or more to assimilate the Korean food culture and show positive changes, it is necessary to continuously operate the Korean food culture adaptation program for international students over this period.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.132-148
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• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the current mean daily intake of 10 food groups, analyze the sociodemographic factors associated with food consumption, and determine the associations between food consumption/dietary intake and the prevalence rates of obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and hypertension (HTN) in Jakarta, Indonesia. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 600 participants aged 20-85 yrs were included in this cross-sectional study. Food consumption and dietary habits were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. To determine the association between food consumption/dietary habits and the abovementioned diseases, logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS: The average vegetable and fruit intake was lower, while sugar and salt consumption were higher than that recommended by Indonesia's national dietary guidelines. A high intake of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) was associated with young age, men, "single" status, a high education level, and employment with a high monthly income. Obesity and T2D were positively correlated with high intakes of cereals and tubers, UPFs, sugars, fats, and oils. Conversely, an inverse association was found between legume, vegetable, and fruit consumption and obesity risk. An inverse correlation was also observed between vegetable consumption and T2D risk. Moreover, a high salt intake was inversely correlated with fruit consumption in terms of HTN risk. Non-indulgence in habitual late-night snacking and refrainment from consuming more than one dish at each meal were also negatively related to the prevalence of obesity, T2D, and HTN. Inverse correlations were also observed between the prevalence rates of T2D and HTN and abstaining from adding sugar to beverages. CONCLUSION: Foods high in fat, sugar, and sodium were strongly associated with the risks of obesity, T2D, and HTN. Additionally, poor eating habits were also associated with disease development.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.10-21
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• 1976

The traditional application of night soil to vegetable gardens and rice paddies results in a most wide spread condition of parasitism, with a variety of helminths found in Korea. In addition to the above fact, the peculiar habit of the consumption of raw vegetables, fish, crustaceans and mammals provides a means of infestations of helminths. During the last sixty years numerous reports were found on the prevalence of helminths amongst the Korean population in different parts of the country, and it was generally recognized that ascariasis, hookworm disease, filariasis, clonorchiasis and paragonimiasis constitute the important helminthic disease in Korea. In practical measures of parasite control activities the main measures are summarized as mass-treatment, night-soil disposal and transmission control. Among the three, the mass-treatment has been commonly applied, however, no reduction of transmission has been obtained by treatment of a population. Therefore, the ultimate eradication of parasites will depend upon the application of comprehensive environmental sanitation measures. The basic environmental measures will be concerned with (a) the safe disposal of human excreta, (b) the provision of adequate and safe water supplies in such a way as to promote a higher standard of personal hygiene in the population, and (c) the prevention of food contamination by faecal material. Additional environmental measures will deal with the improvement of housing and housing hygiene and with general community development. Community development means social and cultural as well as economic development. The control measures on the parasitic endemic diseases, such as clonorchiasis and paragonimiasis are the good examples for community health development in Korea. The control of Clonorchis and Paragonimus infections are theoretically very simple, as the infection can only invade the human body by way of encysted metacercaria which are taken into the body when eating passive intermediate hosts(fishes, crabs and crayfishes). Although prophylactic measures in the case of the infections deal with above merely consist the fishes in cooking or submerging in hot water before eating them, it is exceedingly difficult to carry out such simple measures in face of century old traditions, to which the relatively primitive population clings with great tenacity. There is no one universally applicable method of control. The choice of methods must be dictated by the nature of the environment. the habit and custom of the people. the pattern of transmission and the resources of the country. There must exist a well organized public health infrastructure. Since a control programme is of necessity on a longterm basis and continuity in its implementation is essential. An investigation should be made on the prevalence of the diseases and its relationships to irrigation engineering, freshwater ecology, agricultural methods, hydro-electric schemes, and the development of communities in affected areas. In conclusion, however. the control of clonorchiasis and paragonimiasis in Korea is not an impossible task. A combination of efforts with major emphasis on health education and mass chemotherapy coupled with governmental aid in enforcing legislative public health measures could reduce the diseases. Health education in particular attempts following four things: (a) It supplies a person with enough general knowledge about a disease to make the preventive measures. (b) It makes a person feel sufficiently about the importance of his own health to make him alter his behavior and adopt these preventive measure. (c) It makes him concerned for the health others. (d) It tries to make him feel so strongly about the first three that be supports and even initiates preventive action by the community. Educational efforts should be directed primarily toward school children because it is during the early years that most persons become infected, and also because children are less entrenched in their food habits so that, the educational process should be involved at various levels in successive changes of knowledge, attitude, beha viour, habit and custom of their lives. The most parasitic endemic diseases are related to community diseases. In caring for a sick community. the first stage is to gather epidemiological data, the next is to make inferences from it-to make the community diagnosis. The third is to prescribe community treatment or community health action part of a community health action programme. The community health action is the sum of the steps decided upon to remedy the critical features revealed by the community diagnosis. Action takes various forms; health education is the most important.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.338-348
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate the health and nutritional status of 123 middle aged men at their worksite in Taejon. The results of this study on the factors that influence their health and nutritional status were as follows : 1) 74.8$\%$ of the subjects had history in the order of alimentary, heat, liver, diabetic and pulmonary diseases. 30.3$\%$ stopped smoking at 42.3% yrs. and 74.5$\%$ smoked more than 10 cigarets per day. Also 71.9$\%$ drank 2-3 times per week and 35.3$\%$ drank 1-2 times per week. 91.4$\%$ exercised more than 30min every day. 2) 54.4% showed concerns about their health whereas 20.3$\%$ were afraid that they night get sick. 3) 90.4$\%$ ate regularly and 54.5$\%$ worried about their cholesterol, salt, fat and MSG intakes. 48.7$\%$ ate out 1-2times per week and their favorite foods eaten outside were Korea. 4) 41.5$\%$ were classified as 'normal A', 30.9$\%$ 'normal B' group and high blood pressure and liber diseases in 'doubtful for disease' group were pointed out from their 1996 health check ups. 5) By Broca index, 39.8$\%$ were overweight and 9.8% were obese however by BMI only 23.6% were overweight. According to the relationship between calculated and self recognized obesity, 62.4$\%$ categorized themselves into the right weight range but 34.3$\%$ thought they were thinner than they were. 6) 43.9$\%$ were border line in cholesterol intake and 12.1$\%$ needed medical care for high blood cholesterol. 7) The Average energy intake was 1970.6㎉(80.9$\%$ RDA) with a 65 :19 : 16 ratio of carbohydrate : protein : fat. Protein, Fe, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and Vit. A. 8) Occupation, regularity of meals, partner's job, income. smoking, alcohol drinking, health concerns and eating out were the factors that influenced the subject's nutrient intakes and health status. from this study, it was found that middle aged men needs to know their health and nutritional status and to be educated correct health and nutritional information through formal or informal channel. The worksite is the vest place to do this and we want these results to be used to develop the nutrition education program for middle aged men at the worksite.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.131-143
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to understand the living culture of transnational married women and to analyze the out door play of children in their hometown. The data was collected through observation from 27th June to 7th July 2008 in Jian, Jilin Province China. The children's play and lifestyles were observed, and data pertaining to the culture of the people were collected by a teacher and staff. We also visited the residents for housing information. The results are given below. 1. They dressed in Korean clothes on festive days and the boys put on a hood. They had eating habits which included cooking for themselves or buying semi-manufactured goods but did not use, instant food. The housing habits involved a combination of cooking and heating by Korean floor heating system(Ondol). They utilized outdoor space to grow vegetables. Those with a fulltime job(teacher) preferred to live in an apartment but an apartment was too expensive. Public utility charges and traffic expenses were cheap. 2. The main festive days are the lunar New Year's Day and Chuseok. The children returned home and enjoyed the festive day with their parents. The language used are Korean language and Chinese. Some Korean words and phrases in Jian Joseonjok have different meanings as compared to how they are used in Korea. A capping ceremony did not to celebrate becoming an adult from an adolescent. Couples performed a wedding ceremony at a wedding hall attended by their parents and invited relatives from both families. The relatives gave the couple a wedding gift. They did not go on a wedding trip as it was not affordable but instead spent their wedding night at a hotel in this culture. When someone dies, they bury the body after cremation. They perform a memorial service for three years on the birthday of the departed. They have a banquet on the 60th birthdays with their relatives and neighbours and are typically presented with a carp for longevity. 3. They understand capitalism and therefore send their children to school to improve their social position. The Korean and Chinese languages are required subjects in school. The students choose a second language(English or Russian). They prefer English class but at the time of this study an English class was not offered at the school in Jian Joseonjok. Therefore the children entered a Chinese school. 4. The children play outdoor games such as Y$\acute{a}$o J$\grave{i}\bar{a}$(要家), X$\grave{i}$ang g$\grave{i}$(象棋), T$\grave{i}\grave{a}$o p$\acute{i}$ j$\grave{i}$n(r)(跳皮節), D$\grave{o}$uch ing g$\grave{u}$n 凍冷根, B$\bar{e}$i B$\bar{e}$i 背背, and soccer. They play games according to the season.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.48-60
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• 2004

This study is aimed at examining the relationship between health behaviors practices and physical and psychological stresses of radiological technologists who are working at general hospitals across the country. For this purpose, a survey was conducted to 890 subjects by means of questionnaires from the middle of July to the end of August 2003, which resulted in the following outcomes: 1. From the technical and statistical analysis into the physical and psychological states, the item 'I feel miserable and dejected' scored the highest points of (3.91), implying that most subjects got heavily stressed, while the item 'Life is worth living' recorded (2.59), representing that only a few of them got less stressed. 2. With regard to an analysis of variance depending on their regular exercise, a significant difference appeared in 7 items(Pl, P2, P5, P6, P12, P17, and Pl8)(P<0.05). 3. Out of analysis into such variance as smoking, significant results were found in the items 'I become uncomfortable or disturbed at night' and 'I can solve my own problems'(P<0.05), while no significant difference was confirmed in other items regardless smoking. 4. From the T-test conducted to the independent sample depending on the drive under the influence, a significant difference was shown only in the item 'I feel very exhausted, even eating is a labo'( P<0.05). 5. The T-test with the independent sample of drinking coffee, the item 'I am satisfied with the method and the procedure of things I do' turned out to be significant( P<0.05) while no particular difference was confirmed in other items. In conclusion, it was revealed from the study that the physical and psychological states and health-related practices of radiological technologists seemed to be more affected by regular exercise than by smoking or drinking wine or coffee, a result confirming that the health-related acts are closely associated with the socio-psychological stresses. It is, therefore, strongly suggested that the practice of health-related acts to properly control stress will contribute to promoting health and pre venting disease of radiological technologists.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.1052-1059
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• 2016

Red light (RL) marked higher weight gain (WG) and preference of broilers compared to other light colors. This study aimed to investigate how different intensities of RL affect the performance, behavior and welfare of broilers. RL treatments were T1 = high intensity (320 lux), T2 = medium intensity (20 lux); T3 = dim intensity (5 lux), T4 = control/white light at (20 lux) provided on 20L:4D schedule and T5 = negative control; 12 hours dark: 12 hours day light. Cobb strain broilers were used in a Complete Randomize Design with 6 replicates. WG, water/feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), mortality, behavior and welfare were assessed. At 35 d, significantly (p<0.05) highest body weight ($2,147.06g{\pm}99$) was recorded by T3. Lowest body weight ($1,640.55g{\pm}56$) and FCR (1.34) were recorded by T5. Skin weight was the only carcass parameter showed a significant (p<0.05) influence giving the highest (56.2 g) and the lowest (12.6 g) values for T5 and T1 respectively. Reduced welfare status indicated by significantly (p<0.05) higher foot pad lesions, hock burns and breast blisters was found under T3, due to reduced expression of behavior. Highest walking ($2.08%{\pm}1%$) was performed under T1 in the evening during 29 to 35 days. Highest dust bathing ($3.01%{\pm}2%$) was performed in the morning during 22 to 28 days and highest bird interaction (BI) ($4.87%{\pm}4%$) was observed in the evening by T5 during 14 to 21 days. Light $intensity{\times}day$ $session{\times}age$ interaction was significantly (p<0.05) affected walking, dust bathing and BI. Light intensity significantly (p<0.05) affected certain behaviors such as lying, eating, drinking, standing, walking, preening while lying, wing/leg stretching, sleeping, dozing, BI, vocalization, idling. In conclusion, birds essentially required provision of light in the night for better performance. Exposed to 5 lux contributed to higher WG, potentially indicating compromised welfare status. Further researches are suggested to investigate RL intensity based lighting regimen that favors for both production and welfare of Broilers.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.297-309
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• 2019

본 연구는 서울 및 경기지역의 고등학생 381명을 대상으로 일반적 특성, 음식 콘텐츠 이용 수준, 식습관, 식이자기효능감에 대한 설문 조사를 실시하였고, 음식 콘텐츠 이용 수준에 따라 세 개의 집단으로 구분하여 식습관 및 식이자기효능감 등과의 차이와 식이자기효능감의 매개효과를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 음식 콘텐츠 이용이 많을수록 일일 외식 및 간식 비용이 높은 것으로 나타났으나 체질량 지수 (BMI)는 집단 간 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 대상자의 식습관과 관련하여 음식 콘텐츠 이용이 많은 집단이 가공식품과 단 음식을 자주 섭취하며 잦은 야식과 스트레스성 충동적 음식 섭취를 하는 것으로 나타난 반면, 가공식품구입 시 식품 영양표시를 더 자주 확인하는 것으로 나타났다. 대상자의 식이자기효능감과 관련하여 음식 콘텐츠 이용이 많을수록 전반적으로 식이자기효능감이 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 식이자기효능감의 하위요인 중 주위 환경 자극 조절 효능감, 정서적 요인 조절 효능감에 해당하는 문항 점수가 낮게 나타났다. 상관관계 분석 결과, 음식 콘텐츠 이용 수준은 식습관과 유의한 부 (-)적 상관관계가 있었으며 식이자기효능감의 하위요인 중 주위 환경자극 조절 효능감, 정서적 요인 조절 효능감과도 유의한 부 (-)적 상관관계를 보였다. 매개효과 분석에서는 식이자기효능감의 하위요인 중 주위 환경 자극 조절 효능감 변인과 정서적 요인 조절 효능감 변인이 유의미한 완전매개효과를 나타냈다. 이상의 연구 결과를 종합해보면, 음식 콘텐츠를 많이 이용하는 것은 식습관 및 식이자기효능감에 부정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 음식 콘텐츠 이용 수준과 식습관의 관계에서 식이자기효능감이 완전매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과를 통해 음식 콘텐츠가 범람하고 있는 현재, 청소년의 올바른 식습관을 형성하기 위해 식이자기효능감을 높일 수 있는 영양교육이 중요하다고 사료된다. 청소년은 대중매체에서 제공하는 정보의 영향을 많이 받으며 스마트폰과 인터넷을 많이 사용하므로 음식 콘텐츠가 주는 시각적 자극을 영양교육의 목적으로 적절하게 활용한다면 청소년의 영양에 대한 관심 증가와 식습관 개선을 위한 동기부여에 보다 큰 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.165-173
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• 2008

본 연구는 컴퓨터 사용 시간에 따른 고학년 초등학생의 컴퓨터 사용실태, 신체발달, 식생활 습관, 컴퓨터 사용으로 인한 식생활 습관의 변화 및 영양소 섭취 실태에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 조사대상자는 초등학생 4, 5, 6학년 학생 265명을 대상으로 설문지를 배포하여 실시하였다. 컴퓨더 사용시간은 하루 2시간을 기준으로 2시간 이상 사용하는 그룹과 2시간 미만 사용하는 그룹의 두 집단으로 분류하였다. 컴퓨터 사용 시간이 긴 그룹이 짧은 그룹에 비해 주별 기준 매일 이용하는 빈도가 더 높았으며, 양쪽 그룹 모두 '컴퓨터 게임을 위하여' 컴퓨터를 사용하고 있었다 (p < 0.05). 컴퓨터를 사용하는 장소와 시간은 대부분 집에서 방과 후 저녁시간에 이용하고 있었다. 신체발달 지표에서도 컴퓨터 사용시간이 길수록 체중과 %RBW가 짧은 그룹에 비해 높았다 (P<0.05). 전반적인 식생활 습관의 경우, 컴퓨터 사용 시간이 긴 그룹의 식생활 습관이 불량하였으며, 섭취하고 식품의 종류도 기름진 음식, 인스턴트 식품 및 단 음식을 더 많이 먹고 있었다. 컴퓨터 사용으로 인한 식생활 습관 변화여부에서도 컴퓨터 사용 시간이 긴 그룹이 끼니를 거르는 정도, 입맛의 변화, 식사속도, 식사량, 체중감소, 운동빈도 및 수면 등이 더 불량한 것으로 나타났다 (p<0.05). 이상의 결과에서 컴퓨터 사용 시간이 길어질수록 아동의 신체발달, 식생활 습관 및 영양소 섭취 상태에 부정적인 영향을 끼친 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 장시간의 컴퓨터 사용으로 인한 바람직하지 못한 식생활과 잘못된 식습관의 고착을 예방하기 위해서는 학생들 스스로가 컴퓨터 사용시간에 대한 자율적 조절을 할 수 있는 교육 및 지도는 물론 이와 연계한 효과적인 영양교육의 정착 및 실천이 우선되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.383-398
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• 2019

빠르고 손쉽게 먹을 수 있으면서 청소년의 입맛을 자극하는 편의식의 섭취증가와 이에 따른 영양 불균형이 우려되는 상황에서 본 연구에서는 고등학교 남녀 청소년의 편의점 편의식 빈도에 따라 식습관, 생활습관 및 청소년영양지수 (NQ-A)를 평가하여 청소년의 편의식의 이용과 식사의 질과의 관련성을 규명하였다. 연구대상은 인천지역의 고등학교에 재학중인 고등학생 474명 (남자 225명, 여자 249명)이었고, 2018년 6월에 조사를 실시하였다. 대상자의 평균 연령은 16.7세였으며, 대상자의 편의점 이용 빈도에 따라 '주1회미만군', '주1~2회군', '주3회이상군'의 세 군으로 분류였고, 남학생의 경우 주1회미만군은 32.4%, 주1 ~ 2회군 35.6%, 주3회이상군 32.0%였으며, 여학생의 경우 주1회미만군은 35.6%, 주1~2회군 44.6%, 주3회이상군 16.9%이었다. 남녀 대상자 모두에서 편의점 이용 빈도에 따른 세 군의 학년분포, 어머니의 직업 유무, 가족원수, 과외학습 상태, 식사에 소요되는 시간은 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 남녀 모두에서 세 군간의 용돈 분포는 유의적인 차이를 보이면서 편의점 이용 빈도가 높은 대상자들의 용돈이 높게 나타났다 (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). 남학생의 경우 편의점 편의점 이용빈도가 증가할수록 과자 또는 달거나 기름진 빵, 라면, 길거리 음식의 섭취빈도가 증가하고, 콩/두부의 섭취 빈도와 영양표시 확인률이 감소하는 관련성이 나타났다. 여학생의 경우는 편의점 편의점 이용빈도가 증가할수록 음료, 라면, 야식, 길거리 음식의 섭취 빈도가 증가하는 관련성이 제시되었다. 청소년영양지수를 이용한 실사의 질 평가에서 남녀학생 모두 편의점 이용빈도가 증가할수록 실사의 질이 낮아졌고 영역별 평가에서는 균형, 다양, 환경, 실천 영역은 편의점 이용빈도에 따른 유의적인 관련성을 보이지 않았으나, 절제 영역이 유의적으로 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과를 통하여 편의점 이용 빈도가 높은 학생들은 라면 등의 편의식 및 달거나 기름진 간식류, 음료류의 섭취빈도가 높으며 야식이나 길거리 음식 섭취빈도가 높은 식행동 특성을 보였다. 청소년영양지수를 이용한 식사의 질 평가결과에서도 편의점 이용빈도가 높은 남녀 고등학생에서 총 식사의 질과 절제 영역의 점수가 낮은 유의적인 관련성이 제시되었다. 이와 같이 고등학생의 높은 편의점 편의식의 이용은 바람직하지 못한 식행동 및 식사의 질 저하와 연관성이 있으므로 이에 대한 올바른 식습관지도가 필요하다고 사료된다.