• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2003

Backgrounds and Objectives: In the length-dependent axonal polyneuropathy like diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN), the distal part of the longer axons are affected earlier. In cases of minimal distal axonal changes, nerve conduction studies (NCS) are frequently normal. If sural nerve is affected in the early stage of DPN, supportive parameters to detect the early axonal degeneration may be helpful. We investigated whether the sural/ulnar SNAP amplitude ratio (SUAR) may be a more sensitive indicator than sural amplitude alone in the diagnosis of early diabetic polyneuropathy. Methods: We analyzed medical records and electrophysiological studies of 141 patients with DM and 30 healthy subjects. The patients with early stage of DPN were defined as those having symptoms of neuropathy and normal NCS findings among the patients with DM. We compared SUAR between 57 patients with early stage of DPN and 71 agematched control subjects. Results: Fifty seven patients had an average SUAR of 0.8, compared to that of 1.1 in the 71 normal controls. The SUAR of less than 0.9 was supplementary predictor of axonal polyneuropathy, with the best balance of sensitivity and specificity (70%). The SUAR did not vary significantly with age, height or duration of DM. Conclusions: We conclude that the SUAR is a useful electrodiagnostic indicator to detect early stage of DPN.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2022

Purpose: To focus on the effects of the presence of mesiodens on adjacent teeth and to investigate the timing of its safe removal. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography examinations, obtained at Okayama University Hospital over a three-year period, were inspected. Data were recorded including the number of mesiodens; associated abnormalities; and the relationship with neighboring structures. Depending on multiple factors, the risk of developing complications due to early extraction of a mesiodens was divided into three categories: high, medium, and low risk. Results: A total of 5,958 cone-beam computed tomography exams were obtained, 460 patients aged 3-85 years were diagnosed with a total of 568 mesiodens, 382 (67.3%) of which were discovered in young patients (age <10 years), and 333 (87.2%) of these were associated with abnormalities. Regarding the risk categories, 11 (1.9%) were considered to be in the high-risk, five (0.9%) in the medium-risk and 552 (97.2%) in the low-risk categories. Moreover, eight out of 11 high-risk mesiodens were extracted and no post-operative complications have been seen. Conclusion: As the results showed that no postoperative complications were seen in all the extracted cases of high-risk mesiodens, this indicates the possibility of safe extraction at an early age which could reduce related future complications.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.36-41
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• 2022

Background: Distal biceps rupture is a relatively uncommon injury that can significantly affect quality of life. Early complications following biceps tendon repair are not well described in the literature. This study utilizes a national surgical database to determine the incidence of and predictors for short-term complications following distal biceps tendon repair. Methods: The American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was used to identify patients undergoing distal biceps repair between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2017. Patient demographic variables of sex, age, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists class, functional status, and several comorbidities were collected for each patient, along with 30-day postoperative complications. Binary logistic regression was used to calculate risk ratios for these complications using patient predictor variables. Results: Early postoperative surgical complications (0.5%)-which were mostly infections (0.4%)-and medical complications (0.3%) were rare. A readmission risk factor was diabetes (risk ratio [RR], 4.238; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.180-15.218). Non-home discharge risk factors were smoking (RR, 3.006; 95% CI, 1.123-8.044) and ≥60 years of age (RR, 4.150; 95% CI, 1.611-10.686). Maleness was protective for medical complications (RR, 0.024; 95% CI, 0.005-0.126). Surgical complication risk factors were obese class II (RR, 4.120; 95% CI, 1.123-15.120), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; RR, 21.981; 95% CI, 3.719-129.924), and inpatient surgery (RR, 8.606; 95% CI, 2.266-32.689). Conclusions: Complication rates after distal biceps repair are low. Various patient demographics, medical comorbidities, and surgical factors were all predictive of short-term complications.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.229-239
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• 2015

This study investigated the effect of home environment quality and fathers' parenting participation on school readiness of preschool children. The subjects were 101 5-years old children, mothers and teachers at child care centers located in the Gyeonggi area. Home environment quality was measured using a 'Korean Home Environment' questionnaire. Parenting participation by fathers was measured by 'Scale for Productive Roles of Fathers of Children in Their Early Childhood.' Lastly, the children's school readiness measured the 'School Readiness Inventory.' Collected data were analyzed using t-test, correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression. The results of the study showed that the school readiness of preschool children differed by gender. The score of girls' school readiness was higher than boys' school readiness. Such difference was apparent in the school readiness areas of general knowledge, mathematical knowledge, and adjustment. There was a positive correlation between age and the school readiness of preschool children. An increase in children's age also increased school readiness in the areas of linguistic knowledge, mathematical knowledge, and adjustment. Home environment quality and fathers' parenting participation directly influenced the school readiness of preschool children. The pattern of the results suggests that a desirable home environment and fathers' contribution in the family for children are critical components to prepare preschool children for elementary school.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the actual outcomes of early discharge program for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. Methods: Medical records of 122 ELBW infants admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit from January 2000 to June 2006 and those of their 112 mothers were analyzed retrospectively. Results: After being applied early discharge program to ELBW infants' mothers, their infants' lengths of stay, gestational age and body weight at discharge, duration of completion of oral feeding, number of emergency room visits after discharge were decreased and number of breast milk feeding was increased. Conclusion: Early discharge program for ELBW infants can be an effective intervention for parents and their ELBW infants contributing to neonatal nursing practices.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.5877-5882
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• 2013

Background: The aim of the study was to determine breast cancer risk and early diagnosis applications in women aged ${\geq}50$. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive field study focused on a population of 4,815 in Mansuro$\breve{g}$lu with a 55.1% participation rate in screening. In the study, body mass index (BMI) was also evaluated in the calculation of breast cancer risk by the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (BCRA) (also called the "Gail Risk Assessment Tool"). The interviewers had a three-hour training provided by the researchers, during which interactive training methods were used and applications were supported with role-plays. Results: The mean age of the women participating in the study was $60.1{\pm}8.80$. Of these women, 57.3% were in the 50-59 age group, 71.7% were married, 57.3% were primary school graduates and 61.7% were housewives. Breast-cancer development rate was 7.4% in the women participating in the study. When they were evaluated according to their relationship with those with breast cancer, it was determined that 73.0% of them had firstdegree relatives with breast cancer. According to the assessment based on the Gail method, the women's breast cancer development risk within the next 5 years was 17.6%, whereas their calculated lifetime risk was found to be as low as 0.2%. Statistically significant differences (P=0.000) were determined between performing BSE-CBE and socio-demographic factors. Conclusions: It was determined that 17.6% of the participants had breast cancer risk. There was no statistically significant difference between the women with and without breast cancer risk in terms of early diagnosis practices, which can be regarded as a remarkable finding. It was planned to provide training about the early diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer for people with high-risk scores, and to conduct population-based breast cancer screening programs.

• 아동학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.169-187
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• 2016

Objective: This study aimed to identify profiles based on early childhood and elementary school teachers' goal orientations and to examine differences in teacher efficacy, psychological wellbeing, and job satisfaction among these profile groups. Methods: Data were collected through a teacher questionnaire. The teacher goal-orientation scale consisted of six sub-dimensions: growth, leisure, wealth, relationship, promotion, and social contribution. Data were analyzed using latent profile analyses. Results: Latent profile analyses revealed three distinct profile groups: one group characterized by higher scores across all six dimensions (balanced-goal-orientation group); another characterized by lower scores on all six dimensions, with a relatively higher score on the relationship dimension (relationship-goal-oriented group); another one characterized by lower scores on all dimensions except the leisure goal (leisure-goal-oriented group). MANOVA showed that the balanced-goalorientation group was significantly higher in total years of teaching, educational attainment, and age, compared to the leisure-goal-oriented group. In regression analyses, when controlling for educational attainment, teacher types (kindergarten vs. elementary school) did not significantly predict each of the dummy-coded profile groups (0 = no, 1 = yes). When taking into account teachers' age and educational attainment, belonging to the balanced-goal-orientation group was consistently associated with higher levels of teacher efficacy, job satisfaction, and psychological well-being, whereas the opposite pattern was observed in leisure-goal-oriented group. Conclusion: These findings imply that it is crucial to help pre- and in-service kindergarten and elementary school teachers foster a balance between different types of goals, which would ultimately strengthen and stabilize the supply of a teaching force and the provision of a better education.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2019

Purpose: To determine whether crepitus may be a clinical indication for early temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) and to investigate the correlation between crepitus and the occurrence of TMJ OA with respect to factors, such as patient sex, age, chewing habits, and diagnosis. Methods: This is retrospective analysis of clinical data for 162 TMJs. The criteria for a joint to be included in this study was a minimum of two cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans performed with no OA observed during the initial scan. The Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders was used for OA diagnosis. Crepitus was recorded when it was objectively palpated during the follow-up period. Correlations between various patient factors and progression to TMJ OA were calculated using the Pearson's chi-square test. A linear-by-linear association was used to analyze trends of OA progression with increasing age. Results: Among the 162 joints, 101 progressed to OA and 61 did not. In the joints where crepitus had been present before OA was confirmed at next or last CBCT, OA progressed at a high rate, and especially higher in female and older patients (p<0.01). Patients in the pain-related disorder group with crepitus were observed to have higher rates of OA progression compared to patients in the intra-articular disorder group (p<0.01). Conclusions: If a patient experiences pain in the TMJs and crepitus, close monitoring through regular CBCT scans is necessary even if there is no evidence of radiologically confirmed OA after the first CBCT.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2000

Background: The purpose of this study is to review the clinical course after the correction of noncomplicated ventricular septal defect and to analyze the morbidity and risk factors of postoperative complications and evaluate residual defect during the follow-up period. Material and Method: From September 1994 to June 1998 24 patients(median age 10 months) underwent surgery under the diagnosis of ventricular septal defect. We made a retrospective review of the clinical records including the operation notes critical care unit records echocardiography results and the follow-up records. Result: There was no early mortality nd late mortality. There was no postoperative complete conduction block. Respiratory complication was the most common complication. The body weight age type of ventricular septal defect associated anomalies and operative procedure were not related to the incidence of complications. residual ventricular septal defects aortic valve regurgitation and tricuspid valve regurgitation were insignificant in postoperative hemodynamics, Conclusions: Correction of the noncomplicated ventricular septal defect was done without mortality and complete heart block. Aggressive preoperative medical treatment and early surgical treatment may decrease postoperative complications. Postoperative residual shunt and tricuspid regurgitation were not problematic during the follow-up

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.969-975
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• 2013

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of age on the occurrence, severity, and timing of acute side effects related to radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: We analysed the data of 423 patients. Results: Of the patients, 295 (70%) were under the age of 65 (group 1) and 128 (30%) were over the age of 65 (group 2). The frequencies of radiotherapy-induced side effects were 89% in group 1 and 87% in group 2 (p=0.286). The mean times to occurrence were $2.5{\pm}0.1$ weeks in group 1 and $2.2{\pm}0.1$ weeks in group 2 (p=0.013). Treatment was ended in 2% of patients in group 1 and 6% of those in group 2 (p=0.062). Treatment interruption was identified in 18% of patients in group 1 and 23% in group 2 (p=0.142). Changes in performance status were greater in older patients (p=0.013). There were no significant differences according to the frequency or severity of side effects, except skin and genitourinary complications, between the groups. Conclusions: Early normal tissue reactions were not higher in older versus younger patients, though there was a tendency towards an earlier appearance.