• 한국농공학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.91-101
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• 2003

Boryeong Seadike located at southwestern seashore of Korean peninsula completed in 1997. Sluice gate operation can be an important factor to maintain lake water quality and reduce retaining time of pollutants within lake. The lake water quality simulation model, WASPS was adopted and tested to find out proper gate operation timing and discharge amount. From the simulation of sluice gate operation, the results showed that the later the time of discharge for loosing 1 day successively to 6 days, the better the quality of water. Discharge amount showed relatively minor changes of water quality. This means that pollutants flowed into lake from watershed do not have enough time to mix up with deep water when the gate opened at early time. About 3 days delay of discharge caused the dilution effect to stabilize the lake water quality in case of Boryeong freshwater lake.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2017

Neural network based AI computing is a promising technology that reflects the recognition and decision operation of human beings. Early AI computing processors were composed of GPUs and CPUs; however, the dramatic increment of a floating point operation requires an energy efficient AI processor with a highly parallelized architecture. In this paper, we analyze the trends in processor architectures for AI computing. Some architectures are still composed using GPUs. However, they reduce the size of each processing unit by allowing a half precision operation, and raise the processing unit density. Other architectures concentrate on matrix multiplication, and require the construction of dedicated hardware for a fast vector operation. Finally, we propose our own inAB processor architecture and introduce domestic cutting-edge processor design capabilities.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2017

The purpose of the study was to investigate the patient, disease and hospital characteristics which affect treatment result and early complication for inpatients with psychiatric comorbidity. We analyzed data on 19,806 patients of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 2012 to 2014, Korea National Hospital discharge in-depth data. Frequency, chi-square and logistic regression analysis was performed, using STATA 12.0. According to logistic regression analysis, gender(Odds ratio(OR)=0.776, 95% confidence interval(CI)=0.686-0.878), insurance type(OR=0.853, CI=0.731-0.995), operation(OR=0.424, CI=0.350-0.513), disposition(OR= 39.307, CI=34.394-44.923), beds(300-499, OR=0.470, CI=0.377-0.585; 500-999, OR=0.462, CI=0.395-0.541; 1000 over, OR=0.598, CI=0.480-0.745) were significant predictors of treatment result. And insurance type(OR=1.527, CI=1.241-1.879), CCI(3 over, OR=1.865, CI=1.534-2.266), operation(OR=5.399, CI=4.562-6.389), disposition(OR=1.279, CI=1.013-1.614), district(Metropolitan city, OR=0.519, CI=0.407-0.661; Non-metropolitan OR=0.469, CI=0.383-0.574), beds(500-999, OR=2.799, CI=1.986-3.944; 1000 over, OR=2.109, CI=1.429-3.113) were significant predictors of early complication. This research would be used as a basic data of high quality of medical care and efficient resource utilization in order to detect and minimize the negative medical treatment results of inpatients with psychiatric comorbidity.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.215-227
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 실시간 비대면 유아체육의 효율적 운영방안을 제시하기 위함이다. 연구 방법은 질적 연구방법 중 심층면담, 비 참여관찰을 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 귀납적 범주분석을 통해 주제어를 도출하였고 Spradley의 영역분석과 분류분석을 통해 분류하였다. 범주화 된 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 실시간 비대면 유아체육 수업에서 고려할 요인의 하위주제로 '수업을 진행하는 장소', '의사소통의 어려움', '비대면에 적합한 프로그램', '시설 및 장비의 중요성'이 나타났다. 둘째, 실시간 비대면 유아체육 수업의 효율적 운영방안의 하위주제로 '비대면 환경을 고려한 수업설계', '확실한 수업 준비', '원격 관리자의 역할', '포스트 코로나에 대비한 지도자 역량강화'가 나타났다. 향후 비대면 유아체육에 대한 연구가 더 필요하며 본 연구를 통해 비대면 유아체육 수업의 효율적 운영방안이 마련되기를 기대한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.1318-1326
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• 1992

Backgroud. To determine the influence of age at operation upon surgical outcome in patients with isolated secundum atrial septal defect, retrospective clinical analysis was done. Material and method. From June, 1976 to December, 1991, 146 patients, 63 male and 83 female patients ranging in age from 13 months to 56 years, were operated on for isolated secundum atrial septal defect. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to their age at operation: Group I [<20 years old], 91 patients[62.3%]; Group II [21 to 40 years old], 44 patients[30.1%]; GroupIII[>41 years old], 11 patients[7.6%]. Significant differences in clinical features, hemodynamic function, early and late results between age groups were speculated. Results. One hundred thirty-one patients[89.6%] were symptomatic at the time of operation, the most common symptoms being dyspnea on exertion, recurrent respiratory infection, palpitation and chest pain. Patients in NYHA class III or IV were 3.3% in group I, 25% in groupIII, and 54.5% in group Ill. Hemodynamic data was available for 138 patients [94.5%]. Significant pulmonary hypertension [MPA systolic pressure $^3$ 40mmHg] was noted in 22 patients [15.9%]. Patients with pulmonary vascular disease [Rp/Rs>1.25] were 2% in group I, 7.3% in group Il, and 9.1% in groupIII. But there were no significant differences between the age groups in the size of the shunt or the ratio of pulmonary to systemic flow. Atrial septal defects were closed with direct suture in 144 patients and patch repair was performed in 2 patients with high defect. Atrial arrhythmia [8.2%] was the most common postoperative complication. The mean [LSD] duration of follow-up in all patients was 16$\pm$22 months [range, 1~96 months]. Functional result was excellent regardless of the age groups. During follow-up period, late cardiovascular events were arrhythmia [7 cases], reoperation for recurrent ASD [2 cases], and premature late death due to bacterial endocarditis [1 case]. Incidence of preoperative and late atrial fibrillation was significantly higher in older age group. Conclusion. Age at operation is one of the most important predictor of early and late surgical outcome with its impact on the following factors : 1] hemodynamic alterations and ventricular dysfunction due to longstanding volume and pressure overload, 2] pulmonary vascular disease, and 3] atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation as a result of atrial dilatation. Therefore, among patients with surgically repaired atrial septal defects, those operated on over the age of 20 require careful supervision on the long-term basis.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2009

목적: 석회화 건염에 대하여 보존적 치료 및 조기 관절경을 이용한 수술적 치료 후 통증과 임상경과를 비교 관찰하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2002년 2월부터 2008년 5월까지 석회화 건염으로 진단받은 30예 중 6개월 이상 추시관찰이 가능하였던 스테로이드 주사치료 15예 및 수술 치료 15예를 대상으로 하여 석회질의 통증과 운동 범위의 호전을 2주, 12주, 24주째 각각 비교 관찰하여, Constant-Murley score를 이용하여 평가하였다. 결과: 통증 정도는 Constant-Murley score상 보존적 치료군의 경우 수술 전 평균 3.2에서 치료 이후 2주, 12주, 24주째 각각 13.6점, 14.5점, 14.7점이었으며, 수술적 치료군은 수술 전 평균 3.3에서 수술후 2주, 12주, 24주째 각각 10.2점, 13.0점, 14.3점이었다. 운동 범위는 보존적 치료군의 경우 수술 전 평균 14.3에서 치료 이후 2주, 12주, 24주째 각각 21.7점, 31.3점, 35.7점이었으며, 수술적 치료군은 수술 전 평균 14.4에서 수술후 2주, 12주, 24주째 각각 33.1점, 35.8점, 36.4점이었다. 치료 2주째 및 12주째 두 간의 비교에서는 수술적 치료 군이 유의하게 우수하였으나, 최종 추시시는 통계학적인 차이가 없었다. 결론: 석회화 건염의 조기 관절경적 치료는 환자의 만족도를 높이고 조기에 일상 생활로 복귀할 수 있는 효과적인 치료법으로 사료된다.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.316-325
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the effects of early exercise education using videos on exercise knowledge and compliance of elderly patients who undergo total knee replacement surgery. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The participants were 70 elderly patients who had total knee arthroplasty in the C university hospital located in G city, Korea. Thirty-five patients were assigned to an experimental group and the other patients were assigned to a control group. After the total knee arthroplasty, the early exercise education accompanied by watching video instruction was conducted on the experimental group at post-operation second and third day for 15 minutes. General exercise education was administered to the control group. The exercise knowledge and compliance of the elderly patients were measured through structured questionnaires. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that early exercise education using videos has positive effects to improve the exercise knowledge and compliance of elderly patients after total knee arthroplasty. This early exercise education can be used going forward as nursing intervention for elderly patients who undergo total knee replacement surgery.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.78-82
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the clinical outcomes of acute achilles tendon rupture patients treated by early mobilization after operative repair. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 12 patients of acute Achilles tendon rupture were surgically treated from May 2001 to November 2002, with follow-up period of at least 6 months. There were 10 men and 2 women, and mean age was 35.9 year. The repair method was single Krackow suture technique. Two to three weeks after the operation, early ROM with removable ankle-foot orthosis(AFO) was started. We used Amer-Lindholm scale for the clinical evaluation and analyzed patient's satisfaction and subjective strength deficit. Results: We had 11 excellent results(92%), and 1 good results(8%). One-leg heel raising was possible in all patients. All the patients returned to the preinjury occupations and 7 patients(58%) reached the preoperative level of sports activities. There was no significant difference in ankle ROM and ankle plantar flexion isokinetic strength compared to contralateral side. There was, no reruptures. Conclusion: Early mobilization proved to be a well tolerated, safe, and effective means for the compliant patient.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.465-471
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• 2006

Controlled auto-ignition(CAI) combustion, offers the potential to improve fuel economy and reduce emission simultaneously. In this study, CAI-combustion was achieved in a single cylinder gasoline DI engine with modified camshafts in order to restrict the gas exchange process. We investigated the effects of air-fuel ratio, residual EGR rate and injection timing such as early injection and late injection on the attainable CAI combustion region. The effect of injection timings on combustion characteristic such as start of combustion, combustion duration and heat release rate was also investigated. From the result early injection causes the mixture to ignite earlier and burn more quickly due to the exothermic reaction during the recompression and gives rise to good mixing of the fuel/air. On the other hand, late injection extended the operation region more than early injection but the emissions of HC and NOx were more or less increased than early injection.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.281-286
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 유아교육 전공연계 봉사학습에 참여한 예비유아교사의 경험을 고찰하는 것이다. 연구 참여자는 I대학교 유아교육과 2학년 재학생 8명으로, 해당 예비유아교사들은 2018년 1학기에 유아교육과 전공 교과목인 <악기활용지도>를 수강하면서 전공연계 봉사학습에 참여했다. 전공연계 봉사학습 경험을 분석하기 위해 연구 참여자가 작성한 성찰일지를 분석했으며, 분석 결과 전공연계 봉사학습에 참여한 예비유아교사의 경험은 전공연계 봉사학습에 대한 의미, 구체적인 수업 계획의 중요성, 전문성 있는 수업진행의 중요성, 교수효능감의 증진의 네 가지 의미로 파악되었다. 이와 같은 결과는 예비유아교사들이 유아교육 전공연계 봉사학습에 참여함으로서 지식과 행동 및 가치 태도 측면에서의 바람직한 변화와 함께 지역사회와 함께 성장하는 상호호혜성과 민주주의의 가치를 경험했음을 보여준다.