• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1008-1022
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to propose apparel sizing system for each body shape of early adolescent boys. The subjects of this study were 549 boys in the capital area. Their body shapes were classified and apparel sizing system was proposed for each body shape. For data analysis were performed descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and crosstabulation using SPSS Ver. 12. The control dimensions to propose apparel sizing system were stature and bust circumference for the upper garments. Intervals between sizes were 5cm for stature and irregular for bust circumference. For each type, $5{\sim}7$ sizes were proposed for upper garments. Reference measurements suggested for upper garments were 9 items. This study is meaningful in that it classified early adolescent boys' body shapes and proposed apparel sizing system for each type of body shape under the current circumstances where basic data for body shape classification and apparel sizing system of early adolescent boys were not in place.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.60-74
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to systematize accurate data about the body measurements of early adolescent boys, as there was a broad individual variance between their bodies, and it's additionally attempted to identify the unique physical characteristics of different age groups. The subjects in this study were boys who were at the ages of 10 to 14 in the capital area. Their bodies were measured by anthropometric and photographic method, and data on 549 boys were analyzed. The total of 100 items(47 anthropometric items, 10 indexed items and 43 photographic items) were selected to be measured. For data analysis were performed descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Duncan test using SPSS Ver. 10. The results of the study are as follows. According to the result of comparing the body measurements of early adolescent boys, a period of active growth and a period of slow growth were repeated alternately as they aged and the age of active growth tended to get younger.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.702-711
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• 2014

This study was performed to investigate the hand size growth of Korean adolescents boys. Subjects were between 14 and 19 years (n=352). We collected the right hand size data of 19 measurements from each subject using 3D hand scanner. The total 26 hand measurements were analyzed including seven calculated measurements. Subjects were divided into three age groups (early, middle and late). Their hand size were compared. The results showed that all hand length measurements were significantly difference among age groups. Adolescent boys hands were sharply grown at age 16 years old. The hand dimensions of middle age group were compared with twenties men (n=215). There were significant differences between two groups. The middle age adolescents' hands were shorter and thicker than twenties men. Subjects were also divided by weight and height. Weight and height was closely related to hand size. The heavier and taller subjects had the thicker hand. Their fingers were longer than others. The adolescent boys and twenties men who were taller than the twenties' average height (173.4cm) were compared. Twenties men's hands were longer and thinner than that of adolescent boys. These results imply that the male adolescent hands grow short and thick in the adolescent period. Fingers continuously grow up as a long and thin shape after adolescent period.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.163-176
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• 2020

Longitudinal studies have shown mixed findings on the association between body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem among adolescents. This study examined the longitudinal, reciprocal influences between body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem among Korean pre- and early adolescents by using nationally representative longitudinal panel data from the Korean Youth Panel Study (KYPS). Analyses based on 2,230 participants indicated that girls' body image dissatisfaction was significantly higher than boys'. The trajectory of body image dissatisfaction increased sharply during pre- and early adolescence, but stabilized afterwards for both boys and girls. Self-esteem deteriorated rapidly initially, but began to recover as adolescent girls and boys matured. Structural equation modeling showed that reciprocal influences between body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem were detected for boys. Body image dissatisfaction among girls predicted self-esteem during the entire period, while the opposite direction from self-esteem to body image dissatisfaction emerged two years later. The present study found that, during pre- and early adolescence, body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem develop in a circular fashion by forming a vicious cycle. Implications for the development of intervention and prevention programs are discussed in consideration of age and gender.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.278-292
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to propose apparel sizing system for each body shape of early adolescent boys. The subjects of this study were 549 boys in the capital area. Their body shapes were classified based on 47 anthropometric measurements, 43 photographic measurements and 10 indexed measurements. The apparel sizing system was proposed for each body shape. For data analysis were performed descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and crosstabulation using SPSS Ver. 12. The control dimensions to propose apparel sizing system were stature and waist circumference for the lower garments. Intervals between sizes were 5cm for stature and irregular for waist circumference. For each type, $5{\sim}8$ sizes were proposed for lower garments. Reference measurements suggested fur lower garments were 7 items. This study is meaningful in that it proposed apparel sizing system for each type of body shape. The results of this study are expected to contribute to planning sizes according to the type of body shape and improving the fitness of ready-made clothes in apparel and school uniform manufacturers.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2007

Objectives : A voxel based investigation of cerebral blood flow was conducted to identify functional differences during resting state between children with early-onset schizophrenia and normal controls. Methods : 19 children and adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia(8 boys and 11 girls, mean age $14.0{\pm}1.7$ years old) and 17 comparison children(13 boys and 4 girls, mean age $11.0{\pm}1.9$ years old) were examined by HMPAO-SPECT. The SPECT images were compared using statistical parametric mapping analyses, controlling for age and sex. Results : Increased cerebral blood flow in left medial and inferior frontal gyrus, right superior and middle frontal gyrus, both inferior temporal gyrus, and right cerebellar tonsil was found in children and adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia compared to control subjects. In addition, decreased cerebral blood flow in right thalamus, left posterior cingulate gyrus, right anterior cingulate gyrus and relatively wide areas from left medical frontal gyrus to superior parietal lobule were found in children and adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia compared to control subjects. Conclusion : The results of the current study provide additional evidences for brain areas involving the onset of schizophrenia in early age.

• Proceedings of the Costume Culture Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.72-74
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• 2004

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.3 s.56
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• pp.344-360
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• 2005

The purpose of the study is to identify the physical characteristics of early adolescent boys, to classify body shapes by physical characteristic. The subjects were 549 boys in the capital area. Their body shapes were identified and classified based on 47 anthropometric measurements, 43 photographic measurements and 10 indexed measurements. For data analysis were performed descriptive statistics, factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA and Duncan test using SPSS Ver. 10. According to the result of extracting factors indicating the characteristics of body shape, horizontal size, vertical length, lateral posture, the lateral shape of the abdomen and the hip, the shape of the back protrusion, the front shape of the trunk and was the shape of the shoulders. According to the result of classifying body shapes, four types of shape - T(Tall) type, P(Petite) type, L(Large) type and R(Regular) type were identified. The results of this study are expected to contribute to planning sizes according to the type of body shape and improving the fitness of ready-made clothes in apparel and school uniform manufacturers.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.171-189
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• 2014

This study examined the influences of parent-child conflict and conflict resolution on behavior problems experienced in early adolescence by both boys and girls, and investigated whether conflict resolution had any moderating effects upon the relation between parent-child conflict and these behavior problems. The participants of this study were 397 first and second graders (193 boys and 204 girls) from three middle schools located in Seoul and Gyoung-gi province. To measure the research variables, the Korean-Youth Self Report by Oh et al. (2010), the short version of Conflict Behavior Questionnaire (Homes, 2012), and the Thomas Kilman Conflict Mode Instrument (Cha & Cheon, 2011) were used. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, t-test, multiple regression analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. The results indicated that both for boys and girls, the level of parent-child conflict increased the levels of both externalizing and internalizing behavior problems whereas conflict resolution had no significant effect on behavior problems. In addition, in the case of boys only, conflict resolution moderated the effect of father-child conflict on internalizing behavior problems.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.413-418
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• 1992

The prevalence of childhood and adolescents obesity at ages 6 to 17 in Seoul were investigated on 1992. The number of children and adolescents comprised of 3310 boys and 3270 girls. Obesity was defined as weight that exceeded the standard weighter for heigher and sex by more than 20%(relative weight>120%) The results were as follows : 1) The overall prevalence rate of childhood and adolescent obesity was 14.45% The prevalence rate of boys was 15.83% and that of girls was 13.06% on 1992. The overall difference of prevalence rate between boys and girls in significant(p<0.001) 2) The highest peak age is 11 years old. There were two peaks in the prevalence rate of obesity one is from 9 to 11 years old. the other is from 15 to 17 years old. 3) The prevalence rate of overweight that exceeded the standard weight by more than 20% to 29% was 8.62% by more than 30% to 49% was 5.58% and by more than 50% was 0.25% Our study suggests than the prevalence rate of obesity among the children and adolescent in Seoul, Korea is gradually increasing which will affect the future adult population. We feel it is needed further investigation to determine the causes of increasing rate of obesity and early establishment of preventive programs.