• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.37-48
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this preliminary study was to develop and evaluate the effects of East-West Self-help program for Rehabilitation of post-stroke clients. Method: This program is developed through literature review, survey and seminar. The program is consisted of six sessions twice a week for 6 weeks. This program is composed of health education on stroke, exercise, oriental nursing interventions, and therapeutic recreation. The outcomes have been evaluated on the basis of perceived health status, self-efficacy, U/E function, ADLs and subjective response. Result: 1) After the 6 week program, the perceived health status had improved and the score of rehabilitation self-efficacy increased significantly. 2) After the 6 week program, the score of BADL increased significantly, but, the score of IADL was not statistically significant. 3) After the 6 week program, the amount of use and quality of movement of the affected U/E were increased significantly. 4) All of the participants showed satisfaction with this program. Conclusion: Considering these research results, the program is effective in improving functional abilities and self-management ability. Therefore this program could be continuously developed and implemented as a community based self-helf group program for post-stroke clients.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.704-714
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• 2008

Purpose: This study explored the feasibility of a 12 week self-efficacy based exercise intervention for overweight and obese college students. Method: A repeated measure, 4-group randomized controlled design was used. Students were recruited from two universities. in Seoul. Korea using: (1) flyers either on the campus bulletin boards or in campus restrooms: (2) advertisement on campus e-board: and (3) self-referral. Inclusion criteria were: (1) Korean college students aged 18 to 29: (2) BMI >23: (3) viscerally obese: and (4) accessible to a phone and a computer. Participants completed three self-reported questionnaires: socio-demographic questionnaire (at the baseline), Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (at the baseline and $12^{th}$ week), and Physical Fitness sub-subscale (at the baseline and $12^{th}$ week). Additionally. physiological data (height, weight, blood pressure) were collected at the baseline and $12^{th}$ week. Descriptive statistics and a two-way mixed ANOVA were performed using SPSS12.0. Results: No significant group difference was observed. However. students with increased exercise self-efficacy during the program showed better physical fitness in the $12^{th}$ week. When students' physical fitness was enhanced. the physiological factors were improved. Conclusions: Self-efficacy based exercise intervention may be applicable and acceptable to the college students. It is necessary to conduct a replicated study with a larger sample and an elongated intervention period.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.349-356
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to provide guidelines for effective osteoarthritis passive aquatic rehabilitation program and form of exercise prescription through passive aquatic rehabilitation exercise for 24 weeks for women with osteoarthritis. The subjects of this study were the passive aquatic rehabilitation group (CG, n = 10) and the control group (AREG, n = 10) among the subjects who had been diagnosed with osteoarthritis by the K orthopedic surgeon and visited the hospital more than 3 times were selected. The results of this study showed that the change of shoulder height in the group was significantly different in passive aquatic rehabilitation exercise group (p <.001). There were significant differences in passive aquatic rehabilitation exercise group (p <.001) between the groups with inhaled sacpula patterns. Changes in the pelvis patterns inferior pattern of the left and right pelvis patterns in the group were significantly different in passive aquatic rehabilitation exercise group (p <.001).

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.68-78
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of exercise and diet control program on blood pattern in obese children. The subjects of this study were five obese boys aged from 8 to 12 participating in the control period(C) for 3 days, exercise period(E) for one week, and exercise+energy restriction period(EER) for another one week, consecutively. The intensity of the exercise was 60~70% of HRmax and the energy was restricted at 493kcal/day. Daily mean total energy intake was 2,152${\pm}$138kcal. 1,861${\pm}$138kca1, and 1,368${\pm}$87kcal for the period C, E and EER, respectively. Body weight of after the program was significantly decreased from 48.94$\pm$5.11kg to 45.94${\pm}$4.74kg(P<0.01). And skinfold thickness. %fat. lean body mass, body mass index were significantly decreased(p<0.01). Blood sugar concentration was not significantly affected by weight loss, but alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly decreased. Concentrations of total lipid, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid were not significantly decreased. But concentrations of HDL-cholesterol, %HDL-cholesterol, free fatty acid were significantly increased and concentration of VLDL-cholesterol, atherogenic index were significantly decreased. The results of this study showed that the obese children had a tendency to decrease coronary heart disease risk in the respect of plasma HDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol concentration by the exercise plus energy restriction program. Thus if we apply the lower intensity or duration of exercise for them this program might be more effective on the obese children.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.377-385
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• 2015

The purpose of the study was to perform trend analysis of the exercise content i.e. element difficulty distribution scores, element group distribution scores obtained by the athletes during 2014 Korea Cup International Gymnastic finals. The conclusion drawn from the analysis are as follows: Firstly in terms of tournament technical difficulty value, Korean athletes showed characteristics of reliance on swing element rather than strength hold element which could actually secure higher difficulty scores. Secondly, skill acquisition of higher difficulty value is demanded by taking advantage of familiar characteristics from the swing element i.e. Jonasson and Roll bwd. Slowly with str. arms and body to swallow (2s.). Thirdly, development of sensory training and strengthening exercise program are essential to enhance strength hold technique.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.146-153
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• 2021

Background: Researchers have previously commenced examining the degree of concordance between parent proxy and child self-reports on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of many disease and impairment populations. Objects: To explore the differences between parent proxy and child self-reports on the HRQOL using Korean version of KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaires for applying to elementary school children and their parents who participated for a school-based wellness program. Methods: The focus groups were recruited for a school-based wellness program by implementing the following wellness services: 1) referring to a screening session for detecting potential posture-related musculoskeletal problems and 2) recommending home exercise programs. Before a primary field testing for the program, two focus groups were formed with a group of 9 parents and their 9 elementary school children aged 8-10 years of age. The parent proxy and child self-report versions of KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaires were administered to both groups after completion of the wellness program. Item level Rasch rating scale analysis was applied to compute logit scales of KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaire. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and scatterplot of item difficulty between two reports were analyzed. Results: For fit statistics of parent proxy report, all items except 4 items (i.e., psychological well-being, mood/emotions, self-perception, parent relation) were found to be acceptable. For fit statistics of child self-report, all items except 3 items (i.e., psychological well-being, autonomy and home life) were acceptable. The relationship between two reports using ICCs were ranging from weak to very strong at p = 0.05 (i.e, ICCs = 0.011 to 0.905). Scatterplot analysis between two reports showed a major disparity on self-perception item at 95% confidence intervals. Conclusion: Both item level analyses and ICC comparisons provided a disparity between parent proxy and child self-reports of the HRQOL on self-perception item after competing a school-based wellness program. Therapist should consider the item as part of the HRQOL assessment.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.55-73
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• 1995

An Effect of Muscle Strength Training Program on Muscle Strength, Muscle Endurance, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and Quality of Life in the Institutionalized Elderly Recent statistics shows that the aged are the fastest growing segment of our population by increasing life span. The age group of over 60 shows multiple health problems and the most serious handicapping problem of these. are related to the changes in muscular skeletal system. With aging, people lose. their muscle mass and muscle strength resulting from biological changes and physical inactivity. Studies documented a 30-50% loss of muscle mass in an advanced age and thus, ordinary life activities can be seriously affected due to weakened muscle strength. Preservation of muscle strength of lower limb is especially important in the aged. Since it is readily affected from reduced physical activity in old age, sometimes to the detriment of moving or walking. So muscle strength exercise program designed for the elderly to improve leg muscle strength and leg muscle endurance. The research design used was nonequivalent control group pretest - protest design. The purposes of this study were to test the effect of muscle strength exercise program utilizing Leg Press on muscle strength, muscle endurance, instrumental activities of daily living(IADL), cognitive perceptual variables and quality of life. Forty nine subjects participating in this study consisted of twenty four male and twenty five female. Twenty four experimental group subjects were selected from C-institution in Chung Buk province, and twenty five control group subjects were selected from O-institution in Chung Nam province. The mean age of subjects was 72.8 years. Muscle strength training program utilizing Leg Press for the experimental group was carried out three times a week for 9 weeks. The data was collected from August, 1993 to October, 1993. Data were analyzed with $X^2-test$, t-test, ANCOVA test, Kruskal Wallis 1-Way ANOVA test using SPSS PC program. Results were obtained as follows : 1) The experimental group showed significantly higher scores on muscle strength (leg lift strength, back lift strength and grip strength) and muscle endurance than control group after the experiment $\ulcorner$F=52.35(p=.001), F=54.07(p=.001), F=6.97(p=.011), F=18.17(p=.001)$\lrcorner$ 2) Experimental group were significantly higher scores on IADL than control group(F=7.51, p=.009). 3) Experimental group showed significantly higher scores on economical state and self esteem aspects of the quality of life scale than control group $\ulcorner$F=10.59(p=.002), F=6.97(p=.011)$\lrcorner$. But there were no differences in emotional state, physical and functional state and relationship with reatives in the quality of life between groups. 4) Scores on IADL showed a significant difference with the level of muscle strength and muscle endurance $\ulcornerx^2=7.73(p=.025),\;x^2=8.86\;(p=.011)\lrcorner$ 5) Scores on self esteem and physical and functional state aspects of the quality of life scale showed a significant difference with the level of IADL $\ulcornerx^2=11.39(p=.003),\;x^2=9.02(p=.011)\lrcorner$. 6) Scores of experimental group after the experiment in cognitive perceptual variables (perceived benefit on exercise, perceived health status, self efficacy, emotion on exercise) were significantly higher than those of control group $\ulcorner$F=32.09(p=.001), F=5.07(p=.029), F=20.63 (p=.001), F=30.38(p=.001)$\lrcorner$. As a result of this study, the effect of strength training exercise program with Leg. Press had improved muscle strength, muscle endurance, IADL, and the perception of self esteem, physical and funtional state, and economical state. Thus strength training program could be beneficially applied for the prevention of disablity and promotion of health and wellbeing in the aged easily and safely. The subjects in the experimental group have maintained their exercises till six months after the cessation of the experiment. This seem to illustrate that changes in cognitive perceptual variables and the improvement in health status have reinforced motivation for the continuation of voluntary exercises. A further study is necessary to determine the factors affecting maintainance of muscle strength exercise and to assess the effect of weight training program on bone density.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.344-360
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• 2001

A quasi-experimental study was conducted to investigate the effects of health promotion program on health of the clients with arthritis. In this study. the health promotion program consisted of self appointment and confirmation. discussion, health education. group counsel, and exercise. And the program focused on self - help group meeting. A total of 68 subjects was randomly assigned into either the control group(n = 24) or the intervention group(n =44). The results of the study analyzed using a SPSS win, were as follows: 1) In physical function of physical health. there was a significant improvement in flexibility of the shoulder joint(hold the hand upward and downward behind the back). sit and reach, extension of the knee joint in the intervention group, compared to the control group, while no difference in flexibility of the shoulder joint(raising the arm), flexion of the knee joint, and grip strength. There was a significant improvement in physical functional disability in the intervention group, compared to the control group, but no difference in fatigue and pain. 2) The health promotion program resulted in improvement in psychosocial health(e.g. increase of self-efficacy and decreases of social functional disability) in the intervention group, compared to the control group. It was concluded that the health promotion program(weekly session for 6 weeks) employed in this study was appropriate for the clients with arthritis in primary health care center and had a positive effect on health in general.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.229-245
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• 2000

Previous studies have shown that five representative behaviors affect the health of adults in everyday life : smoking, drinking, exercise, nutrition, and stress. This study focuses on these five behaviors in an attempt not only to develop a program that promotes health, but also to suggest ways that such a program may be implemented to reflect diverse lifestyles. Our aim is to show how individual subjectivity influences behavior when making lifestyle choices that affect health. By analyzing individual characteristics, we tried to group people according to their common attitude and behaviors to promote health. We hope that this study may provide the fundamental data which may be used to assist professionals in promoting healthy behaviors among adults. In order to examine how subjectivity(e.g, personal opinions or attitudes) influences behavior, we prepared Q-statements which were composed of Q-samples for the study of human subjectivity. We polled forty-two adults and then analyzed the results using a PC qunal program. As a result, the respondents were classed according to six different types. Type One includes people who think managing stress is the most effective way to live a healthy life. They regard smoking and drinking as harmful behaviors. Type Two subjects, on the other hand, regard smoking and drinking as a matter of taste with few harmful effects. Although they recognize the importance of managing stress, they have a positive attitude towards smoking and regard nutrition as a minor factor in promoting their healthy lifestyle. Those classed as Type Three emphasize the necessity of exercise. They perceive drinking, smoking, and stress as harmful. People in this category seek to increase physical strength and to regulate all five health behaviors by keeping them in a normal range. Type Four consists of people who are indifferent to their health. While they seem to recognize the importance of regular exercise, they pay little attention to nutrition or to the harmful effects of smoking, drinking, and stress. They believe that exercise alone is sufficient to maintain their health. Type Five subjects believe drinking is not a harmful behavior at all. Rather. it has a positive effect on their mental health. They are characterized by this positive attitude towards drinking as well as by indifference toward nutrition (although they readily admit that good nutrition is important). Finally. those classed as Type Six have a positive attitude toward moderate drinking as a means to relieve stress. However. they also recognize the harmful effects of excessive drinking. They regard good nutrition as an important lifestyle choice but are indifferent toward exercise. This type is engaged in passive health management. This study devised six types or categories that reflect different attitudes toward promoting health in everyday life. It further went on to analyze the characteristics of each type. This study shows that programs designed to promote health must be modified to reflect the diversity of individual attitudes and patterns of behaviors.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.148-155
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influencing factors on osteopenia and osteoporosis in Korean aged 50 years and above. Methods: Data from the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1, 2010) were obtained and 2,773 subjects who got bone density test and were classified "normal, osteopenia or osteoporosis" were selected. Data were analyzed $x^2$ test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test and logistic regression using the SAS 9.4. Results: Gender, age, days of flexibility exercise, vitamin D in blood and weight were found to be influencing factors for osteoporosis in Korean aged 50 years and above. Gender. age and smoking were found to be influencing factors for osteopenia in Korean aged 50 years and above. Conclusion: This study suggested that nursing intervention should include exercise promotion, intake vitamin D, smoking cessation and weight control program in order to reduce the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia.