• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.177-196
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• 2022

The Elzaki Transform method is fuzzified to fuzzy Elzaki Transform by Rehab Ali Khudair. In this article, we propose a Double fuzzy Elzaki transform (DFET) method to solving fuzzy partial differential equations (FPDEs) and we prove some properties and theorems of DFET, fundamental results of DFET for fuzzy partial derivatives of the n^th order, construct the Procedure to find the solution of FPDEs by DFET, provide duality relation of Double Fuzzy Laplace Transform (DFLT) and Double Fuzzy Sumudu Transform(DFST) with proposed Transform. Also we solve the Fuzzy Poisson's equation and fuzzy Telegraph equation to show the DFET method is a powerful mathematical tool for solving FPDEs analytically.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.709-735
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• 2010

The reciprocal virtue of peer-to-peer networking has stimulated an explosion of peer population and service capacity, ensuring rapid content distribution in peer-to-peer networks. Critical issues such as peer churn, free riding, and skewed workload significantly affect performance results such as service agility, fairness, and resource utilization. To resolve these problems systematically, this study proposes a peer assignment scheme that supports fair peer-to-peer file sharing applications. The proposed scheme exploits the peer duality of both server-oriented peer capacity and client-oriented peer contribution. Accordingly, the system server can prioritize download requests and appropriately assign server peers to uploading file objects. Several functional extensions, including peer substitution and elimination, bandwidth adjustment, and distributed modification, help cope with subtle situations of service starvation and download blocking, and hence make the system design robust and amenable. Simulation results show this design is examined under both centralized and distributed peer-to-peer environments. Performance results confirm that the proposed mechanisms are simple but effective in maintaining service agility and fairness, without loss of overall service capacity in peer-to-peer files sharing systems.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.21
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• pp.165-172
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• 1999

For the useful method capable of modern expression on traditional residence architecture, a study was performed on the methodological establishment and possibility of typological method could be examinated to interior design process by typological method. First of all, through the establishment verbal of our Korean traditional architecture and further investigation of environmental and cultural idealogical facts, it could be extracted from natural instinct, duality, continuance, flexibility and transitiov. In second process, based on these results, it could be framed and described the individual typological language and, for the sake of drawing for visual and spatial typology, it was made by sketch in terms and view of possibile guidance of prototype, transforming and application method. from these results of investigated sketches, it cold be used for criteria of application method as the parts of visual and spatial typological elements to have an applicable expression of it/s traditionality. Based on above facts, for the subjects of spatial system, form & shape system, circulation system, order system, decoration system, color & material system in interior design fields, we cold propose the practical possibility through the consideration of application method for built-in meaning that could be adaptable for the interior design practices. These facts were extracted from the based on visual & spatial typology, as above mentiov. Also, through preparing and suggesting the criteria of evaluation and measurement of design quality , we could propose the applicable methodology for further & basically Korean traditional embodiment.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.3C
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• pp.241-248
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• 2007

In predictive image coding, a LS (Least Squares)-based adaptive predictor is an efficient method to improve image edge predictions. This paper proposes a hybrid interpolation with weighted edge detector. A hybrid approach of switching between bilinear interpolation and EDI (Edge-Directed Interpolation) is proposed in order to reduce the overall computational complexity The objective and subjective quality is also similar to the bilinear interpolation and EDI. Experimental results demonstrate that this hybrid interpolation method that utilizes a weighted edge detector can achieve reduction in complexity with minimal degradation in the interpolation results.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.125-145
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• 2020

In this paper, we present a 3D thermo-hydro-mechanical coupled discrete beam lattice model of structure built of the nonisothermal saturated poro-plastic medium subjected to mechanical loads and nonstationary heat transfer conditions. The proposed model is based on Voronoi cell representation of the domain with cohesive links represented as inelastic Timoshenko beam finite elements enhanced with additional kinematics in terms of embedded strong discontinuities in axial and both transverse directions. The enhanced Timoshenko beam finite element is capable of modeling crack formation in mode I, mode II and mode III. Mode I relates to crack opening, mode II relates to in-plane crack sliding, and mode III relates to the out-of-plane shear sliding. The pore fluid flow and heat flow in the proposed model are governed by Darcy's law and Fourier's law for heat conduction, respectively. The pore pressure field and temperature field are approximated with linear tetrahedral finite elements. By exploiting nodal point quadrature rule for numerical integration on tetrahedral finite elements and duality property between Voronoi diagram and Delaunay tetrahedralization, the numerical implementation of the coupling results with additional pore pressure and temperature degrees of freedom placed at each node of a Timoshenko beam finite element. The results of several numerical simulations are presented and discussed.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.65-85
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• 2023

This paper investigates how TMT's cognitive traits affect R&D investment. Drawing on the attention-based view, we propose that TMT's future orientation and risk preference increase the level of R&D investment. As R&D activities have long-term goal of generating proprietary knowledge, it is important to understand how TMT's attention toward future and risk affect R&D investment. Also, we test the moderating effect of CEO duality on R&D investment. As the CEO plays a leadership role in the TMT, if the CEO's decision-making authority is highly concentrated, the impact of TMT on R&D may decrease. We measure CEO duality and CEO ownership stake as CEO characteristics. Based on a sample of 837 U.S. manufacturing firms, the results show that when TMT has a higher tolerance for risk and higher future orientation, R&D intensity increases. However, when CEO also serves as chairman of board and CEO has higher ownership, TMT's influence on R&D investment weakens. This implies that TMT and CEO has power dynamic that can change based on CEO power supporting status. Overall, it suggests that TMT's attention and CEO power are important factors to improve longer-term knowledge accumulation of firm.

• Proceedings of the Korean Statistical Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.49-54
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• 2002

For arbitrary random variables {$X_{n},n{\geq}1$}, the order of growth of the series. $S_{n}\;=\;{\sum}_{j=1}^n\;X_{j}$ is studied in this paper. More specifically, when the series S_{n}$ diverges almost surely, the strong law of large numbers $S_{n}/g_{n}^{-1}$($A_{n}{\psi}(A_{n}))\;{\rightarrow}\;0$ a.s. is constructed by extending the results of Petrov (1973). On the other hand, if the series $S_{n}$ converges almost surely to a random variable S, then the tail series $T_{n}\;=\;S\;-\;S_{n-1}\;=\;{\sum}_{j=n}^{\infty}\;X_{j}$ is a well-defined sequence of random variables and converges to 0 almost surely. For the almost surely convergent series $S_{n}$, a tail series strong law of large numbers $T_{n}/g_{n}^{-1}(B_{n}{\psi}^{\ast}(B_{n}^{-1}))\;{\rightarrow}\;0$ a.s., which generalizes the result of Klesov (1984), is also established by investigating the duality between the limiting behavior of partial sums and that of tail series. In particular, an example is provided showing that the current work can prevail despite the fact that previous tail series strong law of large numbers does not work.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.2331-2342
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• 2015

In this paper, we design non-linear transmitter and receiver using a uniform channel decomposition (UCD) to take account of inter-cell interference in multi-cell downlink systems. The designed UCD scheme brings forth the same SINR for all sub-channels in each cell. It provides great convenience to modulation/coding process and achieves the maximum diversity gain. The simulation results confirm that it exhibits a lower BER than the conventional method.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1-22
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• 2003

P2P systems have been studied by many researchers in universities and commercial firms in recent years. In this study. we design and implement a system that makes UP for shortcomings of currently available P2P systems. Gnutella and Napster. The study also includes an efficiency analysis scheme conducted through a series of experimental data. The data sharing system of the study demonstrated duality of roles(client, service) of peers. But, their roles were separated from the existing client-server systems. Also, the study implements mechanism that shows the redundancy of data to communicate efficiently among peers for transferring data. The results of performance measure of the system shows that the amount of information shared by peers increases as the amount of peers increases but with no significant increase in response time. This constant response time is far more stable and faster than current file sharing systems. such as Gnutella and Napster. Business applications such as knowledge management, enterprise information portal management and transfer of data are done by use of supercomputers. They need to extend their systems to equip with more capacity and throughput as the number of clients increases. Moreover, they will face with more complicated problems if integration with new systems exists. If this JDSS is introduced to these business applications. it would easily augment scalability of the system with high performance at less expense.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.20-39
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• 2020

This paper considers a downlink multi-carrier cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) transmission, where no direct link exists between the far user and the base station (BS), and the communication between them only relies on the assist of the near user. Firstly, the BS sends a superimposed signal of the far and the near user to the near user, and then the near user adopts simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) to split the received superimposed signal into two portions for energy harvesting and information decoding respectively. Afterwards, the near user forwards the signal of the far user by utilizing the harvested energy. A minimum data is required to ensure the quality of service (QoS) of the far user. We jointly optimize power allocation, subcarrier allocation, time allocation, the power allocation (PA) coefficient and the power splitting (PS) ratio to maximize the number of data bits received at the near user under the energy causality constraint, the minimum data constraint and the transmission power constraint. The block-coordinate descent method and the Lagrange duality method are used to obtain a suboptimal solution of this optimization problem. In the final simulation results, the superiority of the proposed NOMA scheme is confirmed compared with the benchmark NOMA schemes and the orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme.