• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.129-136
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• 2003

A representative payment broker system is SET and one of its signature shcemes is a dual digital signature scheme. A dual digital signature scheme expose neither user's payment information(credit card number etc.) to merchandiser, nor user's order information to bank So it keeps user's Privacy safe. The digital signature scheme like this is being necessary as E-commerce is revitalized. But a dual digital signature of SET is not appropriate for wireless environments because it needs so many computations and communications. In this paper, we propose a signcryption scheme that generates a polynomial using a payment information for merchandiser and an order information for bank in order to reduce communications. We analyze the problem of existing signcryption schemes and dual digital signature schemes. Also we analyze the security properties of the proposed scheme.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.165-171
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of collimator width on effective atomic number (EAN), relative electron density (RED), and stopping power ratio (SPR) measured by dual-layer dual-energy computed tomography (DL-DECT). Methods: CIRS electron density calibration phantoms with two different arrangements of material plugs were scanned by DL-DECT with two different collimator widths. The first phantom included two dense bone plugs, while the second excluded dense bone plugs. The collimator widths selected were 64 mm×0.625 mm for wider collimators and 16 mm×0.625 mm for narrow collimators. The scanning parameters were 120 kVp, 0.33 second gantry rotation, 3 mm slice thickness, B reconstruction filter, and spectral level 4. An image analysis portal system provided by a computed tomography (CT) manufacturer was used to derive the EAN and RED of the phantoms from the combination of low energy and high energy CT images. The EAN and RED were compared between the images scanned using the two different collimation widths. Results: The CT images with the wider collimation width generated more severe artifacts, particularly with high-density material (i.e., dense bone). RED and EAN for tissues (excluding lung and bones) with the wider collimation width showed significant relative differences compared to the theoretical value (4.5% for RED and 20.6% for EAN), while those with the narrow collimation width were closer to the theoretical value of each material (2.2% for EAN and 2.3% for RED). Scanning with narrow collimation width increased the accuracy of SPR estimation even with high-density bone plugs in the phantom. Conclusions: The effect of CT collimation width on EAN, RED, and SPR measured by DL-DECT was evaluated. In order to improve the accuracy of the measured EAN, RED, and SPR by DL-DECT, CT scanning should be performed using narrow collimation widths.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.57-69
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• 2022

Recently, as interest in self-driving cars has increased worldwide, research and development on the Advanced Driver Assist System is actively underway. Among them, the purpose of Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) is to minimize the driver's driving fatigue through the control of the vehicle's longitudinal speed and relative distance. In this study, for the research of the ACC test in the real environment, the real-road test was conducted based on domestic-road test scenario proposed in preceding study, considering ISO 15622 test method. In this case, the distance measurement method using the dual camera was verified by comparing and analyzing the result of using the dual camera and the result of using the measurement equipment. As a result of the comparison, two results could be derived. First, the relative distance after stabilizing the ACC was compared. As a result of the comparison, it was found that the minimum error rate was 0.251% in the first test of scenario 8 and the maximum error rate was 4.202% in the third test of scenario 9. Second, the result of the same time was compared. As a result of the comparison, it was found that the minimum error rate was 0.000% in the second test of scenario 10 and the maximum error rate was 9.945% in the second test of scenario 1. However, the average error rate for all scenarios was within 3%. It was determined that the representative cause of the maximum error occurred in the dual camera installed in the test vehicle. There were problems such as shaking caused by road surface vibration and air resistance during driving, changes in ambient brightness, and the process of focusing the video. Accordingly, it was determined that the result of calculating the distance to the preceding vehicle in the image where the problem occurred was incorrect. In the development stage of ADAS such as ACC, it is judged that only dual cameras can reduce the cost burden according to the above derivation of test results.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.465-471
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• 2023

This paper proposes a comparator structure that improves the noise and output delay of a single-slope ADC(SS-ADC) used in CMOS Image Sensor (CIS). To improve the noise and delay characteristics of the output, a comparator structure using the miller effect is designed by inserting a capacitor between the output node of the first stage and the output node of the second stage of the comparator. The proposed comparator structure improves the noise, delay of the output, and layout area by using a small capacitor. The CDS counter used in the single slop ADC is designed using a T-filp flop and bitwise inversion circuit, which improves power consumption and speed. The single-slope ADC also performs dual CDS, which combines analog correlated double sampling (CDS) and digital CDS. By performing dual CDS, image quality is improved by reducing fixed pattern noise (FPN), reset noise, and ADC error. The single-slope ADC with the proposed comparator structure is designed in a 0.18-㎛ CMOS process.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.35 no.5_6
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• pp.352-352
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• 2000

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 1997.07a
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• pp.314-317
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is developing a converter which is able to convert a 300[KW] power, and is a DC power supply output a 1500[V] DC voltage for inverter driving. The power converter is driven by two converter serisely and keep a high power factor of power source. This system is haven all the characteristic of voltage source converter by having a processing ability of regenerating power. The two converters controls a PWM modulation and output voltage using a only one 16 bit DSP processor.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.213.1-213.1
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• 2005

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.216-224
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• 2001

HNS(hexanitrostilbene), one of the most important heat resistant explosive was recrystallized using organic solvent, nitric acid and dual solvent system of acetonitrile-toluene. The purification, analysis, type conversion method and its physical properties are described.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.270-273
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• 2000

A new phase shift PWM parallel-input/series-output modularized dual converter is proposed in this paper. This converter is operated with a fixed duty ratio and its output voltage is regulated by phase shift between each module. Since the operating duty ratio of each module is fixed it is sufficient to implement a simple open loop drive circuitry for each module and the cost of total system can be much reduced. The operation of the converter is analyzed in this paper and verified by computer simulation.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.527-541
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• 2001

We find the necessary and sufficient conditions for the smash product algebra structure and the crossed coproduct coalgebra structure with th dual cocycle $\alpha$ to afford a Hopf algebra (A equation,※See Full-text). If B and H are finite algebra and Hopf algebra, respectively, then the linear dual (※See Full-text) is also a Hopf algebra. We show that the weak coaction admissible mapping system characterizes the new Hopf algebras (※See Full-text).