• Wind and Structures
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.279-297
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• 2019

Strong winds threaten the safety of vehicles on long-span bridges considerably, which could force traffic authorities to reduce speed limits or even close these bridges to traffic. In order to maintain the safe and economic operation of a bridge, a reasonable evaluation of the driving safety on that bridge is needed. This paper aims at carrying outdriving safety analyses for three types of vehicles on a long-span bridge in crosswinds by considering the aerodynamic interference between the bridge and the vehicles based on the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis. Firstly, CFD numerical simulations along with previously obtained wind tunnel testing results were used to determine the aerodynamic force coefficients of the three types of vehicles on the bridge. Secondly, the dynamic responses of the bridge and the vehicles under crosswinds were simulated, and based on those, the driving safety analyses for the three types of vehicles on the bridge were carried out for both cases considering and not considering the aerodynamic interference between the vehicles and the bridge. Finally, the effect of the aerodynamic interference on the safety of the vehicles was investigated. The results show that the aerodynamic interference between the bridge and the vehicles not only affectsthe accident critical wind speed but also the accident type for all three types of vehicles. Such effects are also different for each of the three types of vehicles being studied.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.59-72
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• 2018

PURPOSES : This study was conducted to develop expressway safety treatments based on the analysis results of older driver behaviors through literature review, surveys, and driving simulator experiments. METHODS : In this study, three analyses were conducted: surveys of 700 older drivers to find the risk segments they recognized, driving simulator experiments with older and younger drivers to investigate driver behaviors, and expert surveys to find the priority of expressway safety treatments for older drivers. RESULTS : Through survey results it was found that merging areas and tunnels were identified as the most dangerous areas, and more dangerous older driver behaviors were observed on those expressway segments in the driving simulator experiments. In addition, the priorities of safety treatments for each segment of expressways were decided based on expert surveys. CONCLUSIONS : It was concluded that choice and concentration strategies of expressway safety treatments for older drivers should be applied as perceptions regarding dangerous spots and older driver behaviors, including geometric designs, safety facilities, regulation, and institutes to improve expressway safety.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2008

This study aims to identity the age group where driving performance significantly decreases based on the data collected from the Korea Transportation Safety Authority's driver aptitude tests in 2006. The test includes following six driving simulator-based tests: estimation of moving objects' speed, estimation of stopping distance, three tests for drivers' multi-task ability, and kinetic depth perception. These six test results were utilized for the identification of the age threshold applying the CART technique, suggesting driving ability significantly be decreased over 50s. This finding was confirmed by two analyses using the accident history data containing the information of accident and non-accident drivers and the degree of accident severity. The results of this study imply that accident prevention efforts should be enhanced over a wider range of age group than the current practice where the age of 65 is generally applied for the threshold dividing senior and non-senior driver groups.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.454-461
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• 2018

Background: Working conditions and psychosocial work factors have acquired an important role explaining the well-being and performance of professional drivers, including those working in the field of public transport. This study aimed to examine the association between job strain and the operational performance of public transport drivers and to compare the expositions with psychosocial risk at work of three different types of transport workers: taxi drivers, city bus drivers, and interurban bus drivers. Method: A sample of 780 professional drivers was drawn from three transport companies in Bogota (Colombia). The participants answered the Job Content Questionnaire and a set of sociodemographic and driving performance questions, including age, professional driving experience, work schedules, and accidents and penalties suffered in the last 2 years. Results: Analyses showed significant associations between measures of socio-labor variables and key performance indicators such road traffic accidents and penalties. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis contributed to explain significantly suffered accidents from key variables of the Job Demand-Control model, essentially from job strain. In addition, throughout post-hoc analyses, significant differences were found in terms of perceived social support, job strain, and job insecurity. Conclusion: Work stress is an issue that compromises the safety of professional drivers. This research provides evidence supporting a significant effect of job strain on the professional driver's performance. Moreover, the statistically significant differences between taxi drivers, city bus drivers, and interurban bus drivers in their expositions to work-related stress suggest the need for tailored occupational safety interventions on each occupational group.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2019

With the recent acceleration of industrial technologies and active research, wearable robot technologies have been applied to various fields. To study the utility of wearable robots, basic research on kinetic mechanisms of the human body, bio-signal analysis, and system control are essential. In this study, we investigated the basic structure of a wearable system and the operating principles of a driving mechanism. The control system and supporting structure, which comprise the driving mechanism, were designed and manufactured. Motion and load analyses were performed simultaneously for the design of the kinematic drive, and the driving mechanism was constructed by analyzing walking motion. The operating conditions of the cylinder were verified by stride via driving experiments. Further, the accuracy and responsiveness of the system were confirmed by comparison with actual motion, and the system safety was validated by applying loads.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.24-31
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• 1995

This paper shows the fatigue durability test method for vehicle suspension systems. Durability should be assured for the safe driving during vehicle life cycle. A computer simulation for the vehicle dynamics was used to obtain dynamic loads that were required for the fatigue durability test. Durability tests were done for an Important load-carrying component of the suspension system. Stress analyses using stresscoat and strain gages were also done for the component. This study demonstrated an effective method for the fatigue durability test.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.642-646
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• 2008

Signaling system, for which ensuring safe train operation, must be a fail-safe system with higher reliability and safety. TCS has made significant improvements both on signaling system, from relay based ground signaling system to computer based on-board system, and on driving mode, form low speed and low density driving to TCS supporting high speed and high density driving. In addition, TCS has been applied to rolling stock with a wide variety of context according to the characteristics of rolling stock or railway infrastructure. In this paper, therefore, we confirmed the basic concept of ATC system and analyzed its development process in technology context via referencing international cases and ATC systems introduced and applied in Korea. Based on those analyses, we suggested the new TCS development strategy for its suitable application to high speed line, conventional line and metro, and we also provided technical considerations related to TCS application.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2017

이륜차의 사고 원인에 관한 일반적인 연구는 활발히 진행 되고 있지만 배달 업무라는 특수한 작업 환경에서 발생하는 집배 이륜차의 사고에 관한 연구는 보편적으로 이루어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구는 브이월드 오픈 플랫폼을 활용하여 집배원의 이륜차 운전행동과 배달 업무 부하 정도를 파악하기 위해 배달 경로에 따른 운전 행동을 지도상에 실시간으로 시각화하였다. 분석 결과의 현장 검증을 위해 실제 송파, 서청주, 및 강서 우체국에서 근무하는 집배원들을 6명씩 선별하여 참가하였으며, 배달지역의 지리적 요인 등이 운전행동에 영향을 주는지 확인 하였다. 수집한 이륜차 운행 GPS 데이터를 분석한 결과, 집배원의 안전과 배달 부하의 평준화 실현을 위한 정부의 노력에서 불구하고 각 집배원이 근무하는 지역 및 배달 구역에 따라 업무의 부하 및 이륜차의 운전 행동이 상이함을 발견하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권8호
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• pp.2915-2923
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• 2022

There is an increasing interest in passive safety systems to minimize the need for operator intervention or external power sources in nuclear power plants. Because a passive system has a weak driving force, there is greater uncertainty in the performance compared with an active system. In previous studies, several methods have been suggested to evaluate passive system reliability, and many of them estimated the failure probability using thermal-hydraulic analyses and the Monte Carlo method. However, if the functional failure of a passive system is rare, it is difficult to estimate the failure probability using conventional methods owing to their high computational time. In this paper, a procedure for the application of the Chernoff bound to the evaluation of passive system reliability is proposed. A feasibility study of the procedure was conducted on a passive decay heat removal system of a micro modular reactor in its conceptual design phase, and it was demonstrated that the passive system reliability can be evaluated without performing a large number of thermal-hydraulic analyses or Monte Carlo simulations when the system has a small failure probability. Accordingly, the advantages and constraints of applying the Chernoff bound for passive system reliability evaluation are discussed in this paper.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제17권3호통권76호
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• pp.263-270
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 강풍을 받는 차량의 주행안정성을 증가시키기 위한 일련의 종합적인 대책을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 크게 세가지 부분으로 구성된다. 첫 번째로 차종별 속도제한 및 통행제한 기준을 마련하였다. 두 번째는 방풍대책의 필요여부를 판단할 설치 기준을 작성하는 것으로, 국부적인 지형의 보정을 통한 기상자료의 확률적인 모델을 이용하여 위험도를 판단하는 과정을 제시하였다. 세 번째는 풍속을 저감시킬 수 있는 효과적인 방풍벽을 제안하는 것으로 전산유체해석과 풍동실험을 통하여 풍속감소 효과, 경제성, 시각적 개방성을 고려한 방풍벽을 설계하였다. 아울러 현장실험을 통하여 4가지 방풍벽의 성능에 대한 검증을 하였다.