• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.19-39
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• 2016

Though research has shown that public transportation drivers experience greater burnout than other drivers, the sources of their burnout and possible mediators remain largely unknown. In response, in this study we investigate the relationships among sensation seeking, Type A driving behavior, and meaning of work to elucidate the burnout experienced by bus drivers in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. To collect data regarding these relationships, 188 bus drivers answered a questionnaire involving the sensation seeking scale, burnout scale, and meaning of work scale. Results showed that Type A driving behavior mediated the relationship between sensation seeking and burnout, while meaning of work moderated the mediated model. These findings demonstrate that sensation-seeking bus drivers tend to experience greater burnout given their tendency to exhibit Type A driving behavior, and this relationship depends on perceived meaning of work. This study therefore contributes meaningful information and outlines significant implications in understanding drivers' burnout.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.30-42
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• 2023

Various studies have been conducted using microtraffic simulation (VISSIM) to analyze the safety of traffic flow when introducing autonomous vehicles. However, no studies have analyzed traffic safety in mixed traffic while considering the driving behavior of general vehicles as a parameter in VISSIM. Therefore, the aim of this study was to optimize the input variables of VISSIM for non-autonomous vehicles through genetic algorithms to obtain realistic behavior. A traffic safety analysis was then performed according to the penetration rate of autonomous vehicles. In a 640 meter section of US highway I-101, the number of conflicts was analyzed when the trailing vehicle was a non-autonomous vehicle. The total number of conflicts increased until the proportion of autonomous vehicles exceeded 20%, and the number of conflicts decreased continuously after exceeding 20%. The number of conflicts between non-autonomous vehicles and autonomous vehicles increased with proportions of autonomous vehicles of up to 60%. However, there was a limitation in that the driving behavior of autonomous vehicles was based on the results of the literature and did not represent actual driving behavior. Therefore, for a more accurate analysis, future studies should reflect the actual driving behavior of autonomous vehicles.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07b
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• pp.797-798
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• 2006

To investigate a arc behavior when the flux density linking arc current is different, two kinds of models having the different flux density with each other are proposed. Calculations of the flux density and the electromagnetic force acting on arc column using finite element method is described in this paper. And, arc behavior photographs by the high speed camera are illustrated at breaking DC 100V, 100A on the resistance load. So, the arc driving forces are compared with according to the arc types.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.85-89
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• 2007

Linear ball guideways have been used recently in precision or ultra-precision positioning devices. However, when the inner balls begin to roll or the moving direction reverses, these guideways are subject to rolling friction or nonlinear spring behavior. An ultra-precision device with a linear motor, referred to as a 'tunnel actuator' (TA), has been constructed to measure these phenomena. The application of a TA is beneficial for two reasons: it mostly cancels the attractive magnetic force between the stator and mover (armature), and its magnetic flux leakage is very low. The influence of the nonlinear spring behavior in ball guideways was investigated in this study using the pure driving force from a TA. The equilibrium between the driving force from the TA and the nonlinear spring force provided great accuracy for a positioning stage using a linear ball guideway.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.110-117
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• 2022

The grain growth behavior in the (1-x)K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃-xCaZrO₃ (KNNCZ-x) system is studied as a function of the amount of CZ and grain shape. The (1-x)K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃-xCaZrO₃ (KNNCZ-x) powders are synthesized using a conventional solid-state reaction method. A single orthorhombic phase is observed at x = 0 - 0.03. However, rhombohedral and orthorhombic phases are observed at x = 0.05. The grain growth behavior changes from abnormal grain growth to the suppression of grain growth as the amount of CaZrO₃ (CZ) increases. With increasing CZ content, grains become more faceted, and the step-free energy increases. Therefore, the critical growth driving force increases. The grain size distribution broadens with increasing sintering time in KNNCZ-0.05. As a result, some large grains with a driving force larger than the critical driving force for growth exhibit abnormal grain growth behavior during sintering. Therefore, CZ changes the grain growth behavior and microstructure of KNN. Grain growth at the faceted interface of the KNNCZ system occurs via two-dimensional nucleation and growth.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.169-183
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• 2018

Aggressive driving leads to a greater crash potential because it threatens surrounding vehicles. This study conducted traffic simulation experiments using driving behavior data obtained from multi-agent driving simulations. VISSIM traffic simulator and surrogate safety assessment model (SSAM) were used to identify the impacts of aggressive driving on traffic stream in terms of safety and operational efficiency. Market penetration rates (MPR) of aggressive driving vehicle, coupled with various traffic conditions, were taken into consideration in analyzing the impacts. As expected, it was identified that aggressive driving vehicles tended to deteriorate the traffic safety performance. From the perspective of operational efficiency, interesting results were observable. Under level of service (LOS) A, B, and C, it was observed that the average travel speed increased with greater MPRs. Conversely, the average travel speed decreased with under LOS D and E conditions. The outcome of this study would be effectively used for developing safety-related policies for reducing aggressive driving behavior.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2011

Speeding is a major cause of traffic accidents that affects the safety of pedestrians and harms drivers and their families, property and mental health. However, most researches on speeding behavior have been conducted by survey method, so the relationship between cause and effect is not clear. The reliability of the research cannot be carefully examined because most researches involve retrospective methods. It is clear that conducting experimental research is important for overcoming these limitations, but it is impossible to perform tests with real cars in real traffic situations due to the inability to control situational factors (e.g., other vehicles, traffic signal) which affect participants' behavior. A car simulator experiment was designed and the theory of planned behavior was applied to the experiment. Each participant was grouped and assigned to either high speeding intention group or low speeding intention group according to their levels of speeding intention and analyzed the difference of driving behavior indexes between two groups. The results revealed statistically significant differences between two groups on driving speed, speeding frequency, and accelerator pressure deviation. Finally, the limitations and the implications of this study were discussed.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.99-108
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• 2022

Purpose: The wide distribution of smartphones has changed life and user behavior. This phenomenon has both advantages and disadvantages for users. As smartphones become a part of our daily lives, smartphone addiction has recently become a social issue in many countries. This study explores factors that affect smartphone addiction and the consequences of addictive behaviors. Research design, data and methodology: Our model hypothesizes that four key factors determine addictive behavior: flow, enjoyment, preference for online social life, and escape reality. Commitment and compulsive use are mediating variables that connect key drivers and addictive results. Based on the SEM (structural equation model) analysis of 497 survey responses, these four driving factors each have a significant effect on the compulsive use of smartphones directly or indirectly; the compulsive use of smartphones directly influences the three results Results: We conducted a reliability and validity analysis, and the results were successful. In the hypothesis test, every path is accepted as expected at the significance level of 0.05. Conclusions: Among the four driving factors, escape reality is the vital factor influencing smartphone addiction and its consequences. And anxiety is the number one consequence influenced by the compulsive use of smartphones.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.137-150
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• 2019

In this study, we investigated the joint effects of message framing (profit vs. loss) and source type (celeb vs. general) on the persuasive effectiveness of mass media campaign to prevent drunk driving. As a result of conducting an experimental study on 218 motorcycle drivers in Vietnam, the main effects of message framing were not significant, but the interaction effect with the type of information source consistently influenced the attitude toward the advertisement, the drunk driving prevention, and the behavior intention Specifically, it is more persuasive to send a message by a general model rather than an celebrity when the loss framing method is used while it is more persuasive to send a message by a celebrity model than a general model when the gain framing is used. This study therefore provided valuable information and practical implication to the National Traffic Safety Committee of Vietnam for establishing a campaign to prevent drunk driving. In addition, this research also has valuable theoretical implication because it examines the effect of drunk driving prevention campaign on the attitude toward not only advertisement and the drunk driving prevention but also the behavior intention.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.173-178
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• 2013

It is a concern that eco-driving vehicles, because their driving behavior differs from other vehicles due to e.g. e-start, may inhibit smooth traffic flow. Therefore, it is necessary to study the cooperative eco-driving done by a vehicle group, putting "vehicle-to-vehicle communication" and "road-to-vehicle communication" into perspective. Based on these factors, this study aimed to: 1) Analyze fuel consumption rates and driving behaviors of more than one vehicle following an Eco-Driving vehicle. 2) Examine the effect of information on the fuel consumption rate of the preceding vehicles on the following vehicles. As a result, the following findings were obtained: 1) By providing information to multiple following vehicles, the fuel consumption rate of the second vehicle was not lowered, while that of the third one was. 2) It is possible that, when information on fuel consumption of a preceding vehicle is provided to the following one, an inter-vehicular distance is shortened during deceleration to contribute to smooth traffic flow. From the above results, it is suggested that, when targeting a vehicle group, sharing the information on preceding vehicles is effective.