• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.218-225
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine the association between drinking behaviors and the need for periodontal treatment. The data of 5,995 adults from the 2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were categorized into young adulthood (19~39 years), middle age (40~64 years), and old age (${\geq}65$ years) and analyzed. Chi-square test was performed to determine those who needed periodontal treatment by the respondents' general characteristics and drinking behaviors, and logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the impact of each drinking behavior on the need for periodontal treatment. The results of this study have confirmed that alcohol intake is a factor adversely affecting periodontal status; therefore, patients should know the fact that excessive alcohol intake and increased frequency of drinking may affect the prevalence rate of periodontal diseases. Moreover, moderate-drinking programs that can reinforce prevention of drinking so that dental hygienists can provide good oral health care should be developed. A systematic oral health promotion program should be introduced for constant prevention with the objective of activating oral health education that focused on middle-aged and young-adult people in pursuit of healthy aging society.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.214-231
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• 2014

This study was intended to investigate the alcohol drinking characteristics, Makgeolli drinking behavior, and perception of Makgeolli focusing on the Chinese students studying in Korea. 550 copies of self-administrated questionnaire for a survey were distributed from May 2nd to June 30th, 2012, and then 461 copies were adopted for the analyses. The drinking frequency and drinking amount at a time increased as the length of stay in Korea and monthly pocket money increased, and Makgeolli was second preferred, following beer. 97.5% of the students experienced drinking Makgeolli, the drinking rate and drinking amount of Makgeolli increased with the length of stay in Korea, and they mostly drank at restaurants and bars. Common motivations for drinking Makgeolli were taste and atmosphere while drinking it, and bad taste and headache were the most common reasons for disliking Makgeolli. The awareness of commercial Makgeolli types was low, and for the price and health promoting effects of Makgeolli, 92.4% and 85.8% of the students replied positively, respectively. These results suggest that the development of high quality Makgeolli adapted to the tastes of Chinese and relieving hangover, and advertising the health benefits would promote Makgeolli consumption in Chinese market.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.471-482
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• 2004

Purpose: This study intended to identify personality factors and related problematic behaviors of adolescents who drink alcohol in order to provide basic data for developing nursing programs. Methods: The data were collected from October to December 2002 from 1.080 high school students in Seoul. The Revised Cloninger's Tri-dimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) was used to measure their personalities. The alcohol expectancy was measured using the tool revised by Cho (1999) and stress levels were measure using a stress tool revised Cho (1998). The data were analyzed with SPSS Windows using Chi square test. independent t-test. and logistic regression analysis. Results: 1. The percentage of fathers who drank was 79.8%. mothers. 54.3%. and friends. 54.3%. The alcohol expectancy averaged 6.36 while the stress levels were 132.79. 2. It was found that there are significant differences (p<.001) in problematic drinking behaviors according to the following variables: second year high school students among all grade variables, more monthly pocket money for the amount of money variables, the group of students who smoked in the case of the variable related to smoking, spending more time using the Internet for the Internet use variable, and having friends who drink 65.6% for the friend variable. The alcohol expectancy scale of those students who showed problematic drinking behaviors was higher than that of those who did not. There are four family-related stress subscales, and there was a significant difference among them (p<.05). Among the personal characteristics, the group who displayed problematic drinking behaviors seeks new experiences and reward dependence more than the group who did not exhibit those behaviors, and there were significant differences between the two groups (p<.001). 3. When the socio-demographic and drinking-related factors were controlled, the tendency of seeking new experiences increased the risk of problematic behaviors 1.07 times (p<.05). Compared to the non smoking group, the smoking group was found to have a 5.06 time (p<.001) greater risk of displaying problematic drinking behaviors. In comparison with the non drinking group, the drinking group was also found to have a 5.31 time (p<.001) greater risk of exhibiting problematic drinking behaviors. The group with high alcohol expectancy scores was significantly different from the group with the no alcohol expectancy, showing a 1.26 time (p<.00l) greater risk of problematic drinking behaviors. Conclusions: Based on these results, the problematic drinking behaviors were connected with alcohol expectancies, friends and personality types. Therefore, we should develop an alcoholic prevention program for adolescence considering the above results.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.4932-4939
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to conduct a survey of general status of drinking culture among college students in Korea. Three hundred college students answered the self-administered questionnaire from May 6 to May 10 in 2009. The questionnaire consisted of drinking-related behavior by gender, recognition and need for moderation in drinking program, and the reason for stopping drinking by gender. The statistical method was done by SPSS WIN version 14.0. The first drinking time was high school comprising 41.0% of the respondents. The reason for drinking was to get the personal relationship. The experience of blackout was 50.3% in twice a year and 26.0% in twice per six months. The reasons for stopping drinking were health problem(36.9%), personal relationship(34.5%), and financial difficulty(20.8%). These results will make it possible to establish the right drinking habit, prevention of sexual violence and vehicle accident and health promotion of the students.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2949-2954
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• 2013

Background: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between lifestyle behavior and quality of life (QoL) among cancer survivors in Korea. Materials and Methods: Data for a total of 471 (173 men, 298 women) cancer survivors (CS) over 40 years old were obtained from the database of the $4^{th}$ Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV). An identical number of subjects of the same age, sex, and education who had no restrictions in physical activity were randomly selected from the database and represented the control group (CG). Drinking, smoking, and exercise behavior were assessed. Results: The number of heavy drinkers was lower in CS (9.4%) than in CG (15.8%) (p<0.01); similarly, there were fewer smokers in CS (9.1%) than in CG (14.0%) (p<0.05). The percentage of individuals engaging in vigorous, moderate, and low-intensity exercise did not differ between CS (13.6%, 14.7%, and 50.0%) and CG (14.3%, 13.4%, and 49.7%, respectively). No differences in Euro QoL Questionnaire 5-Dimensional Classification (EQ-5D) scores on both drinking and smoking behaviors were noted. Compared to the non-exercisers, the low-intensity exercisers in CG ($0.91{\pm}0.10$ vs. $0.94{\pm}0.09$), vigorous-intensity exercisers in CS ($0.84{\pm}0.62$ vs. $0.91{\pm}0.11$), and low-intensity exercisers in CS ($0.82{\pm}0.22$ vs. $0.88{\pm}0.13$) scored higher on the EQ-5D. Conclusions: Although cancer survivors practiced more conscious health behavior in drinking and smoking, their engagement in exercise did not differ from that of non-cancer survivors. Since exercise engagement increases QoL in general, implementation of an educational program that promotes exercise engagement in cancer survivors may be required.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose was to investigate the factors influencing the alcohol consumption behavior of adolescents to provide basic data for a nursing intervention program to improve health management and prohibit alcohol consumption. Method: The subjects were 306 university students, living in K city in Chungnam province from April 1 to 20th, 2002. The instruments used were the alcohol consumption behavior scale, that is the drinking intensity score, and developed by Shin(1998)'s scale of drinking problem, refusal self-efficacy scale by Aas et. al.(1995), alcohol expectancy by Goldman et. al. (1989), TPQ scale by Cloninger(1991), depression scale by Zung(1974), family cohesion scale by Olson et. al. (1983). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression by using SPSS & SAS program. Results: The multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of alcohol consumption behavior was the influence of friends (drinking everyday) (17.0%). A combination of alcohol expectancy (8.0%), influence of friends (4.0%), father's influence (2.0%), depression(2.0%), refusal self-efficacy (1.0%), personality of harm avoidance(1.0%), and monthly pocket money (2.0%) accounted for 38.6% of the variance in alcohol consumption behavior. Conclusion: From the results, we recommend to use the database that develops nursing intervention program for decreasing the alcohol consumption behavior including the influencing factors in university students.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.39-48
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to understand how changes in income due to the COVID-19 pandemic have affected the health behavior and mental health status of self-employed individuals. Methods: We compared the health behavior and mental health status of regular wage workers and self-employed individuals with no change in income, with that of self-employed individuals with reduced income due to the spread of COVID-19. Results: Smoking status, average amount of smoking per day, changes in the amount of smoking and drinking due to COVID-19, drinking frequency per year, monthly binge drinking experiences, subjective stress, and suicidal thoughts experienced by self-employed individuals with decreased income were not only higher than those of wage workers and self-employed individuals with maintained income, but their happiness index was also lower than the latter group. Conclusion: This study suggests that the change in total household income due to COVID-19 adversely affects the health behavior and mental health status of self-employed individuals. However, COVID-19-related policies focus only on economic loss compensation, and the health behavior and mental health management for self-employed individuals is insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to establish policies for health behavior and mental health management of self-employed individuals.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.186-192
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• 2017

Thepurpose of this study was to provide a basic data health plan & education program for adolescents by examining the recent 3 year Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey data obtained in 2013, 2014 and 2015. The data was analyzed with theSPSS 18.0 statistical program using the t-test and cross-analysis. After confirming the drinking habits of teenagers in Korea, the issue was slightly lower in the issue of problem drinking. However, the first time for drinking alcohol was the 2nd grade of middle school(21.5%) and the average alcohol intake was 20 to 29 days(3.8%) and usually consisted ofmore than two bottles (12.2%)s. Also, the method of buying liquor was found to be mainly at convenience stores(32%), and the adolescents werefound not to have been trained for drinking(52%). As a result of comparing the general characteristics of these items, it was found that there was a significant difference between the coeducation type, the high school type, the trace in the residence type, and the 'middle-high level' in terms of the socio-economic level.When comparing the results of the drinking behavior during these three years, the outcome of the trend is still noteworthy, as health education for drinking alcohol is still important, and attention needs to be paid to this problem.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.627-637
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• 2021

Many efforts have been made to prevent alcohol related harms such as health problems and socio-economic problems. Among them, the method of improving drinking behavior at the individual level is the most direct intervention. The effectiveness of the use of protective behavior strategies(PBS) has been widely known in Western countries. The purpose of this study is to empirically verify whether the use of PBS affects alcohol related harms in Korean adults. The survey has been conducted on 2,000 adult men and women. As a result, it is found that the use of PBS reduced alcohol related harms in adults. Among the PBS, the biggest impact on alcohol related harms is the area related serious harm reduction strategy, followed by restrictions on 'manner of drinking'. The effects of 'limiting/ stopping of drinking' is not significant. In addition, drinking frequency, binge drinking, and drinking motivations have significant positive effects on alcohol-related harms, and only social motivation has a negative effect. In this work, we propose follow-up studies on identifying relationships between protective behaviors and alcohol related factors through longitudinal studies and strengthening the use of protective behavior strategies that applied to the refined target populations.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.63-73
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of a community-based health promotion program for elders. Method: The research design was a nonequivalent control group experimental design. The participants were 415 elders who were above 65 years of age (mean age: 80.7, experimental group: 126, control group: 289). For 4 months, the health promotion project which consisted of health education and activity related to smoking, drinking, nutrition and exercise was given to the experimental group. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, and t-test with the SAS V8e program. Result: After the intervention, the experimental group showed a higher level of health promotion behavior compared to the control group in health education experience, exercise, smoking, and drinking. There were no differences between the experimental and control groups for nutrition, or high risk drinking and smoking. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the health promoting program for elders provides useful information in developing effective community-based programs and can be recommended as effective interventions to improve the health promoting behavior of elders.