• 펄프종이기술
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.25-33
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• 1999

A great difference in drainage time was observed from the recycled stocks between corrugated container board and its component papers, liner and medium paper. It could be assumed that the different drainage property should be caused from a starch adhesive present in the corrugated board. Thus, three types of starch such as dried Stein-Hall adhesive, cooked starch solution, and its dried film were added to linerboard stock in order to investigate the mechanism of drainage reduction. The water-swollen starch particles derived from Stein-Hall adhesive were drastically deteriorated the drainage time, even though the amount of starch is very small (2% or below). The drainage time of OCC was improved by 25% when amylase was used a new biological treatment. The results from the lab and mill test showed that the starch-degradable enzymatic treatment improves the drainage property as well as the reduction of calcium hardness.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 PAN PACIFIC CONFERENCE vol.2
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• pp.251-256
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to confirm multiple retention system of C-PAM, A-PAM and Inorganic micro particles vs. traditional micro particle system and dual polymer system by measuring retention, drainage and formation using RDA HSF and Techpap 2D -F Sensor The benefits of dual polymer system were easy to use, low chemical consumption and good retention property but defect was worse drainage property than inorganic microparticle systems. On the other hand, Inorganic microparticle system had benefit of good drainage effect but defects were difficult to use, high chemical consumption. Therefore, we tried to find optimal morphology of polyacrylamide and applied to multiple retention system of C-PAM, A-PAM and inorganic microparticles to compensate defects of both of retention systems. As a result, we found the performance of branched C-PAM, branched A-PAM and inorganic micro particle triple system was more appropriate than traditional inorganic mircoparticle systems or dual polymer systems by comparing retention, drainage and formation.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.24-29
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• 2001

The base paper of corrugated board is mainly produced from Korean old corrugated container (KOCC), and thus the recycling rate of KOCC is very high. However, there is a problem that the pulp quality is very low while the recycling rate of OCC is high. The fines content in KOCC, the main source of the corrugated board, amounts to nearly the half of the total stock, and its formation increases as recycling process repeats due to the hornification of fiber. There have been attempts to improve the drainage property of OCC by increasing the headbox concentration of the paper machine or by applying drainage-promoting polymer additives. However, these conventional methods have problems of weakened paper strength and lowered converting fitness caused by paper formation hindrance. The strength of linerboard could not be increased in case KOCC is used, because hornified OCC pulp can-not be sufficiently refined due to the lowered drainage property caused by fines formation. We studied about a new technique consisting of froth-flotation for fractionating pulp stock into a long fiber portion and fines fraction. This study will be developed in order to enhance the drainage and strength properties of a recycled OCC pulp by selective treatment of flocculant on fractionated OCC Fines.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2008년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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• pp.521-524
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• 2008

2002년 태풍 ‘루사’로 인하여 재산피해가 약 5조 4,000억원 발생하였고, 도로 및 철도 등 주요시설물 피해는 12,377개소에서 약 2조 8,600억원으로 약 전체 피해액의 53%에 달했다. 2003년 태풍 ‘매미’에 의한 재산피해는 약 4조 2000억원으로 나타났다. 최근 2006년 7월 태풍 ‘에위니아’로 인한 재산 피해는 약 1조 4000억원으로, 도로 127개소, 하천 65개소 등의 주요 시설물이 유실 또는 침수 피해를 입었다. 따라서, 이상기후에 의한 매년 반 복되는 집중호우로 도로의 피해를 최소화하기 위하여, 본 논문은 도로의 피해 원인인 토석류를 고려한 도로 배수시설의 규격 결정 방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.501-522
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• 2013

This study has performed comparative analysis on benefit indicators in agricultural irrigation and drainage project cases between Korea and Japan. The irrigation and drainage project with publicity should do economic analysis of direct benefit factors as well as indirect benefit factors. However, traditional economic evaluations are used that benefit factors are lack of consistency and focused on direct benefits. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop indicators for the economic evaluation of irrigation and drainage projects. We conducted a case study between Korea and Japan. The resulting benefit factors was divided into direct factors and indirect factors. The direct benefit factors were increase in income, cost savings. The indirect benefit factors were protection of property due to flooding, agricultural promotion, aesthetic improvement. The implications of this study are that the indicators of economic analysis can be evaluated and easily applied. Moreover, these indicators could promote the feasibility of economic analysis.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.22-28
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• 1998

The blended enzymes were applied for OCC recycling system to use the selective activities of various enzymes. Cellulase and hemicellulase were very effective in terms of the strength of recycled paper The effect of the addition of amylase on the drainage improvement indicates that the starch, which was used as an adhesive of corrugated container, deteriorates the drainage property in OCC recycling system. From the result of Scheffe's analysis, the combination of cellulase and amylase (50/50, w/w) were the most effective in improving the drainage properties with increased strength.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.3-9
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• 2010

하천에 의하여 지면이 절개되는 정도로 정의되는 배수밀도는 유역의 형태학적 응답을 포괄적으로 반영하는 자연 지형의 근본적인 특성으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 배수밀도에 대한 통계학적 접근방법을 기반으로 해당 지형 인자의 공간적 변동성을 분석하고 이로부터 배수밀도의 공간적 변동성을 도시할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다. 지표면 유하거리의 통계학적 특성을 분석해 본 결과 이 지형인자는 고도의 공간적 변동성으로 대표되는 자연지형의 고유한 특성들 중 하나임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이로부터 본 연구에서 제시한 분포도 형태의 배수밀도는 고전적인 정의의 배수밀도보다 유용한 도구가 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2000

The impact of major surface chemical properties of silica sols on the retention and drainage performance of the silica based micrparticle system, Compozil was investigated using four different silica sols. And the effect of silica properties on the interactions with cationic starch and cationic plyacrylamide has also been identified. The surface charge density and the stability over pH of silica sols were increased by introducing aluminosilicate anions at surface. It was found that the charge density of silica sols determined the addition level necessary to attain the maximum retention and drainage. When silica sols were combined with cationic starch, the change density of the product was the critical properties and the degree of microagregation was of minor importance. In the cationic polyacrylamide system the degree of colloid structure appeared to be a more critcial property than the charge density of silica sols.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.12-16
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• 2007

강활 주재배지인 봉화지역 밭토양의 토양 특성을 조사하고 강활재배지 토양의 특성을 분석하여 토양환경과 적정 이화학성을 구명하기 위하여 강활의 생육상황과 수량을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 봉화지역 밭토양의 토성은 사양토와 양토가 대부분이었고 경사는 $7\sim15%$가 가장 많았으며 다음이 $15\sim30%$이었다. 2. 토양 배수등급별 토성 분포에 있어서는 사양토와 양토는 배수 양호가 많았으나 양토는 불량등급도 있었다. 양질조사토나 양질사토는 매우 양호 등급이었다. 3. 강활 수량은 양토와 배수등급 약간양호에서 289kg/10a으로 가장 많았는데 식양토와 배수불량등급에서 수량이 가장 적었다. 4. 강활 재배지의 토양유기물, 칼리함량, EC는 배수등급이 불량할수록 적어졌으며 그 외 함량은 배수등급간에 일정한 경향이 없었다.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2004

Polyurethane prepolymer에 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate(HEMA)와 acrylamide(AA)를 반응 시켜 두 가지 타입의 polyurethane-acrylate 중합체들을 합성하였다. 합성된 중합체들을 소량의 benzyl chloride와 증류수를 이용하여 수용성 중합체인 폴리우레탄-아크릴레이트계 양이온성 보류향상제를 제조하였다. 이렇게 두 가지 형태로 제조된 중합체에 대하여 보류향상제로서 중요한 특성인 보류, 탈수특성 및 비압축강도 등의 물성들을 다양한 방법으로 고찰하였다. 합성된 폴리우레탄-아크릴레이트계 양이온성 보류향상제는 rpm에 따라 큰 변화 없이 70% 내외의 보류도를 유지하였으며, 합성한 보류향상제의 첨가로 인한 화학적 산소 요구량(COD)의 경우는 미첨가시의 COD보다 상당히 낮은 값이 관찰되었다. 탈수량의 경우 무처리한 펄프보다 보류향상제의 처가 시에 탈수성이 향상되었으며, 보류향상제의 첨가 시 비압축강도가 소량 증가되었고, PU-HEMA가 PU-AA보다 우수한 강도를 나타내었다.