• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2018

Multi-storey precast concrete skeletal structures are assembled from individual prefabricated components which are erected on-site using various types of connections. In the current design of these structures, beam-to-column connections are assumed to be pin jointed. Welded plate beam to-column connections have been used in the precast concrete industry for many years. They have many advantages over other jointing methods in component production, quality control, transportation and assembly. However, there is at present limited information concerning their detailed structural behaviour under bending and shear loadings. The experimental work has involved the determination of moment-rotation relationships for semi-rigid precast concrete connections in full scale connection tests. The study reported in this paper was undertaken to clarify the behaviour of such connections under symmetrical vertical loadings. A series of full-scale tests was performed on sample column for which the column geometry and weld arrangements conformed with successful commercial practice. Proprietary hollow core slabs were tied to the beams by tensile reinforcing bars, which also provide the in-plane continuity across the connections. The strength of the connections in the double sided tests was at least 0.84 times the predicted moment of resistance of the composite beam and slab. The secant stiffness of the connections ranged from 0.7 to 3.9 times the flexural stiffness of the attached beam. When the connections were tested without the floor slabs and tie steel, the reduced strength and stiffness were approximately a third and half respectively. This remarkable contribution of the floor strength and stiffness to the flexural capacity of the joint is currently neglected in the design process for precast concrete frames. In general, the double sided connections were found to be more suited to a semi-rigid design approach than the single sided ones. The behaviour of double sided welded plate connection test results are presented in this paper. The behaviour of single sided welded plate connection test results is the subject of another paper.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제12권1호통권44호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2000

상용 유한요소해석 프로그램인 ABAQUS(ver5.8)를 이용하여 전단력을 받는 더블앵글 접합부의 3D 해석을 수행하여 접합부의 모멘트-회전 관계곡선을 구하고 앵글과 볼트의 응력분포를 관찰한다. 해석시 주요 매개변수로는 볼트수, 게이지거리, 앵글의 두께로 하였으며 유한요소해석 결과로 구한 모멘트-회전곡선을 Richard가 제시한 예측식에 적용한 후 회귀분석을 통하여 접합부 거동을 예측하는 데 필요한 매개변수인 초기강성, 소성강성, 참조모멘트, 곡선형태변수를 구한다. 또한 매개변수들이 게이지거리, 앵글의 두께 및 볼트 수 변화에 따른 그래프를 작성하고 또한 이 그래프를 이용하여 접합부의 모멘트 및 LRFD의 접합부 분류에 따른 소성모멘트에 대한 접합부 모멘트의 비를 계산한다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.371-382
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• 2012

기존의 전단벽 시스템은 커플링보를 강하게 설계하는 경우가 많아 상대적으로 내력 및 강성이 낮은 콘크리트 코어와 특정층에 손상이 발생되기 쉬워 건물의 연성이 저하된다. 전단벽 시스템의 연성능력 및 내진성능을 향상시키기 위해 본 연구에서 강성은 기존의 커플링보 이상으로 발휘되면서 설계하중에 따라 내력을 용이하게 변화시킬 수 있는 강재이력댐퍼를 커플링보에 적용하였다. 강재이력댐퍼는 2단으로 직렬 연결된 형상으로 제안하였고, 제안된 강재이력댐퍼의 구조성능을 검증하기 위하여 정적실험을 수행하였다. 또한 FEM 해석결과를 실험결과와 비교 검증하고 강재이력댐퍼의 초기강성, 에너지 흡수능력, 변형능력 등을 분석하여 설계 근사식을 제안하였다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회 제20권2호
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• pp.305-308
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• 2008

WAS(WAffle shape Slab system) 공법은 기존의 더블티(Double Tee Slab 이하 DTS)공법의 일부 문제점을 개선하는 것을 목적으로 개발된 와플(waffle) 형상의 프리캐스트 콘크리트 슬래브 공법이다. 그러므로 기존의 프리캐스트 공법의 장점인 건설현장의 공업화, 단순화, 시스템화, 고품질화가 가능하다. 또한 더블티 공법의 경우 발생되기 용이한 부재 또는 접합부 부분의 균열 발생을 줄여 이로 인한 유지 보수 관리 비용의 발생을 저감시킬 수 있다. 이미 선행연구를 통하여 WAS패널의 구조적인 특성과 안정성, 시공성에 대해 검증하였고 후속연구로 슬래브-슬래브 간의 접합부 구조적 특징을 파악하기 위하여 본 실험을 진행하였다. 실험결과 변수로 설정한 접합부분 너비와 충전재료는 접합성능에 큰 영향을 미치지 않으므로 조립 시 덧침콘크리트가 충분히 밀실하게 채워질 수 있는 접합너비로 설계하여 사용하면 될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.910-915
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• 2005

In this study a series of tests(bench scale test) are carried out for increasing in strength of clayey soil by EK-Injection method. In addition, the effects of strength increase in the treated sample are measured by operating the vane shear test device during 25 days at 5 days intervals in order to estimate the effect of ground improvement caused by diffusion. The test results show that the strength increase was developed approximately double to 7 times in comparison to initial shear strength, and outstanding strength increase was created as much as 7 times while injecting the sodium silicate and phosphoric acid in anolyte and catholyte. In addition, the measured shear strength with the influence of diffusion and reduction of water-content had a tendency to converge in constant value in proportion to elapsed time. As a result of this study, strength increment developed by the influence of EK-Injection and diffusion rather than the reduction of water-content were high as 1000% on average

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제9권3호통권32호
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• pp.333-340
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• 1997

본 연구에서는 복합재료로 구성된 복합적층판 및 쉘에 대하여 3차 전단 변형이론을 이용한 변위를 가정하여 단순지지 경계조건을 만족하는 변위형상함수를 퓨리예급수로 전개하고 동적 평형 방정식을 유도하여 뉴마크의 수치적분법을 사용하여 단면특성계수, 재료의 특성, 층의 배열에 따른 복합적층판 및 쉘의 비감쇄 동적응답특성을 연구하였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2016

Steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) have been shown to be efficient lateral force-resisting systems, which are increasingly used in new and retrofit construction. These structural systems are designed with either stiffened and stocky or unstiffened and slender web plates based on disparate structural and economical considerations. Based on some limited reported studies, on the other hand, employment of low yield point (LYP) steel infill plates with extremely low yield strength, and high ductility as well as elongation properties is found to facilitate the design and improve the structural behavior and seismic performance of the SPSW systems. On this basis, this paper reports system-level investigations on the seismic response assessment of multi-story SPSW frames under the action of earthquake ground motions. The effectiveness of the strip model in representing the behaviors of SPSWs with different buckling and yielding properties is primarily verified. Subsequently, the structural and seismic performances of several code-designed and retrofitted SPSW frames with conventional and LYP steel infill plates are investigated through detailed modal and nonlinear time-history analyses. Evaluation of various seismic response parameters including drift, acceleration, base shear and moment, column axial load, and web-plate ductility demands, demonstrates the capabilities of SPSW systems in improving the seismic performance of structures and reveals various advantages of use of LYP steel material in seismic design and retrofit of SPSW systems, in particular, application of LYP steel infill plates of double thickness in seismic retrofit of conventional steel and code-designed SPSW frames.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2019

In this study, the results of an analytical investigation on the seismic behavior of two residential 4-story bearing wall buildings with pilotis, each of which has symmetric or unsymmetric wall arrangement at their piloti level, are presented. The dynamic characteristics and lateral resistance of the piloti buildings were investigated through linear elastic and nonlinear static analyses. According to the results, the analytical natural period of vibration of the piloti buildings were significantly shorter than the fundamental period calculated in accordance with KBC 2016. In the initial elastic behavior, the walls resisting in-plane shear contributed to the lateral stiffness and strength, while the contribution of columns resisting flexural moments in double curvature was limited. However, after the shear cracking and yielding of the walls occurred, the columns significantly contributed to the residual strength and ductility. Based on those investigations, design recommendations of low-rise bearing wall buildings with piloti configuration are given.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.153-162
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• 2021

This paper aims to simulate the isotropic elastic damage theory of Liu Jun (2012) using the self-programmed UMAT subroutine in the interface of ABAQUS. Liu Jun (2012)'s method based on the mechanic theory can not be used interactively with the currently commonly used finite element software ABAQUS. The advantage of this method in the paper is that it can interact with ABAQUS and provide a constitutive program framework that can be modified according to user need. The model retains the two scalar damage variables and the corresponding two energy dissipation mechanisms and damage criteria for considering the tensile and compressive asymmetry of concrete. Taking C45 concrete as an example, the relevant damage evolution parameters of its tensile and compressive constitutive model are given. The study demonstrates that the uniaxial tensile stress calculated by the subroutine is almost the same as the Chinese Concrete Design Specification (GB50010) before the peak stress, but ends soon after the peak stress. The stress-strain curve of uniaxial compression calculated by the subroutine is in good agreement with the peak stress in Chinese Concrete Design Specification (GB50010), but there is a certain deviation in the descending stage. In addition, this paper uses the newly compiled subroutine to simulate the shear bearing capacity of the shear key in a new structural system, namely the open-web sandwich slab. The results show that the damage constitutive subroutine has certain reliability.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.645-655
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• 2022

Granular columns have recently found widespread use in underground construction. The behaviour of granular columns under vertical loads has been extensively studied, specifically in relation to vertical load capacity obtained by bulging of the column body, including the behaviour after encasement of material. Determining the shear strength of loose soils reinforced with granular columns has received less attention. After the observations of lateral deformation near the toe of the embankment, attempts have been made to strengthen the lateral strength of granular columns. The purpose of this research is to look into the effects of different encasement conditions on the lateral load capacity of granular columns. This was accomplished by three-dimensional finite element analysis with FEM software. Various normal pressures and two different encasement configurations, namely single layer encasement and double layer encasement, with differing tensile strengths, were used in this study to determine their effect on lateral resistance. The failure envelope for a single column planted in loose sand was used to analyse the findings for three different granular column diameters, as well as the impact of different encasement conditions. According to the findings, the inclusion of a Granular Column enhanced the shear strength and overall stiffness of the loose sand bed, and the encasement of the Granular Column helped in deriving higher lateral resistance.