• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1-13
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• 2004

As the provision of National Rental Housing has led the consciousness on rental housing changed, it becomes more necessary to improve the quality of rental housing. The purpose of this study is to analyze the inner space use of a unit and residents' consciousness on the results of surveying the residents in order to construct rental housing which provides comfort residental environment for the residents. Data was collected through questionnaire surveys(459 residents) from 5 estates including 3 estates of National Rental Housing and 2 estates of Public Rental Housing, which is $36m^{2}\;and\;45m^{2}$ of net area of a unit, for the actual use conditions and their requirements on the inner space of a unit. The results are as follows ; 1) The rental housing differentiated according to the needs from the residents' characteristics should be developed. 2) The main demand household for rental housing is established to that of 4 families including a 40s year-old couple and that of 3 or 4 families including a 30s year-old couple, and a double income family. But the type of household becomes more diverse than before. 3) It is necessary to plan the living room for the Multi-functional inner space emphasizing commom space 4) The various and efficient storage space and system for the residents' demands.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.193-211
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• 2010

These days, Korean government has been expanding Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with major countries. Expansion of FTA, which means opening up the markets, can be the opportunity to develop for those enterprises with global competency; however, it surely brings disadvantages to such small and medium enterprises which function as an outsourcing and a subcontracted to large enterprises. For Korean economy to overcome the national income of US$20,000 and to jump up to the level of advanced countries, it is imperative to perceive a limit to the large enterprises only. Not only the leading efforts of small and medium enterprises to double the exports, but also realizing the policy reform for the consistent and intimate policy between the government and companies have to be proceeded. Therefore, primarily in this study, first, it includes the overview of the change in trade-environment in an era of FTA, governmental system and policy to support export for the small and medium enterprises; secondly, examination of the export capacity and some problematic factors in export for small and medium enterprises. Ultimately, it is suggested both reinforcement for global competency of the small and medium enterprises and an alternative policy for the support system in the time expecting export expansion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.67-81
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• 2009

The purpose of this research is to valuate the economic value of the arboretum which will be provided in Multifunctional Administrative City by estimating citizens' willingness to pay with double-bounded dichotomous choice contingent valuation method, and to provide the basic information necessary for designing and managing it for the future by identifying the types of the variables affecting the WTP. It was found that respondent's average WTP for arboretum was \23,508, and when this figures applied to all the Seoul citizens aged between 20 and 59, the economic value of it was \157,000,000,000. The variables affecting the amount of WTP were visit intention, variety seeking tendency, level of income and environmental attitude. However, environmental attitude negatively affected the amount of WTP. Average WTP for the entrance fee was \5,090, and both variety seeking tendency and visit intention were influencing factor affecting the amount of WTP. Respondents were taking charging entrance fee for granted because most of arboretums are commercial. It can be expected that much of maintenance cost will be covered from the entrance fee.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.332-341
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the Basic Old-Age Pension (BOP), which is a non-contributory pension, and depression in BOP beneficiaries in Korea. Methods: We used the second and third waves (2007-2008) of the Korea Welfare Panel Study to identify the effect of the BOP on mental health in the year of its introduction. The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, applied in a Korean context, was used to evaluate mental health. To analyze the effect of the BOP, a difference-in-difference approach was used in analyses of all subjects and subgroups. Results: For this study population of 760 adults, the BOP did not have a statistically significant relationship with depression in its beneficiaries. After controlling for type of household, the BOP was still not associated with lower reporting of depression, either in single-beneficiary or double-beneficiary households, in the year of the benefit. Conclusions: The BOP policy had no significant relationship with the level of depression among recipients. However, this should not be interpreted as implying that income subsidy programs for older adults, such as the BOP, do not affect mental health, considering the importance of economic hardship in this population and the program's socioeconomic effects.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 1999

Research results on actual management situation of 16 goat farms and internal parasite infection of 155 goats from January to November in 1997 in southern Kyoungnam area were as follows ; 1. An average number of goats was 93. Among them, 81% were farming the goat as avocation with the income rate less then 50%, Eight-four percent of farms terminated the parasites more than twice a year, and the survey showed the black goats had a high digestive and respiratory disease infection rate. 2. The internal parasite infection rate of the black goat was 96.8% , the goats were infected with 13 types of parasites. Of them, Emeria sp was 87.1%, Ostertagia sp 55.5%, Paraphistanum sp 45.8%, and Moniezia expansa 20%, respectively. 3. On the survey of multiple infection rate, both double and triple infection were 19.4%, more than septuple-infection 15,5%, single infection 13.4%, quintuple infection 12.3 n, sextuple infection 9.0% and quadruple infection 7.7%, respectively. 4. Look over on seasonal infection rate, higher in fall and lower in winter. Especially, Paramishitom sp was higher in summer and winter, both Moniezia expansan and Bonaostom sp were higher in summer. 5. Research on the infection rate of parasites termination period revealed less-than-1-month period had 10-30 infection rate, the infection rate has increased sharply since 3 months passed after the goats were treated with parasite-cid.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.230-238
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• 2011

Consumers' expenditure is getting larger on children due to their parents' compensation for increase of double-income family life and decrease of birth rate caused by high economic growth. Increase of demand on children items in the market leads the necessity of development of furniture for children. This study is aimed to design children chairs that meet the environment for children. In this study, the age of children is defined to be 5~7 years old. In order to investigate what causes environment change, this study covers roughly change of environment, change of learning program and use of environment-friendly material. In such scope, we drew out the factors that the chairs for children shall be equipped with. Case studies were done through such drawn factors. The scope of the furniture for children is limited to the chairs for children among the ones made in either Korea or overseas. As a result, we could draw out such keyword of the furniture as storage, mobility, environment-friendly, object style image, preferred color, functionality and safety, based on which we could plan the design and make the final result through high frequency round molding manufacturing process.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.265-275
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• 2010

The main purpose of this study is to estimate willingness to pay (WTP) by the general publics, assuming that they pay tax or charge for protecting marine living resources and environment through developing and supplying biodegradable fishing nets. This study employed a contingent valuation method (CVM) which is an econometric method. The survey was conducted by using both double-bounded dichotomous choice and open-ended survey. Tobit model was used for the analysis. The variables included concerns about marine environment and fishing net discarded, sex, age profile, number of family members, educational level and personal disposable income. Annual average WTP per family for the biodegradable fishing net development and supply was estimated at 5,294 won and national WTP amounted to some 84.2 billion won. This includes both of use and non-use value of biodegradable fishing nets.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.196-201
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• 2006

A electrical fault that may generate an electrical disaster is defined as any abnormal condition caused by reduction in the insulation strength. To find out the abnormal condition, periodical inspections have being performed every 3 years. Recently, the number of empty houses during normal working hours is rising by dramatic increase in the number of nuclear families and double income families. To define the potential risk of the electric installation, measurement of zero phase current has been being considered. But the measured value could not be adapted to an absolute reference to the installation because the measured zero phase current value also contained capacitive leakage current. Therefore, in this paper, the correlation between the condition of the electrical installation and the zero phase current was analyzed. The result focuses on to detect them in a cost efficient way.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.235-257
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• 2001

As in other Asian countries, the Korean government provides direct subsidies to endeavors that are potentially harmful to the environment. The water sector is one of the main recipients of these subsidies. The total amount of estimated direct fiscal subsidies equals 2.200 trillion won; however, the comprehensive cost of the subsidies is estimated to be much greater because environmental and social costs were not considered in the initial calculation. Most of the fiscal direct subsidies in the water sector are subsidized to urban water areas. The percentage of fiscal direct subsidies in the urban water sector to the total fiscal direct subsidies is 79.68%, while the percentage of fiscal direct subsidies in the industrial water sector is only 4.92%. Since the ratio of fiscal direct subsidies in the industrial water sector is quite small, the negative impact of removing fiscal direct subsidies for the industrial sector may be trivial. If the Korean government cuts dowm the VAT or income tax rate while reducing several types of subsidies, it will be able to achieve a double dividend effect both on the economy and the environment.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.85-99
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• 1995

The major purpose of this research was to investigate the causal relationships among working wives' work-family conflict, socialization of housework, and home management satisfaction. the double ABCX model of family stress and adaptation provided the theoretical framework for this study. the data were recruited from working wives who had more than one pre-school child. The respondents were asked to complete the self-administered questionnaires, and the responses of 536 working wives were used for the final analysis. basically Cronbach's α to the reliability of major variables, frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviation, pearson's correlation coefficients, and LISREL 7 program were performed to test the research model. The results of this study can be summarized as follows : 1. The frequency of work-family conflict was affected by the flexibility of work time and wives' income. 2. The severity of wok-family conflict was directly influenced by the frequency of the conflict, the flexibility of work-time, and wives' education level. 3. The variables influencing the degree of socialization of housework were found to be the frequency and the severity of work-family conflict, wives' education, and the degree of husband's participation in housework. 4. The higher degree of home management satisfaction was associated with the higher level of family member's health status, the greater degree of the flexibility of work-time, and the greater degree of husband's participation in household labor.