• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.139-153
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• 2014

This study contemplates the utopian landscape recognized by the scholars with twenty three pieces of 'travel record'. Consequently, five key words - Mureungdowon(武陵桃源), Byeolcheonji(別天地), Dongcheon(洞天), Chonghakdong, Eungeoji(hermitage) - are chosen for comprehending the utopia and their landscape characteristics are organised as follows. Mureungdowon in Jirisan Mountain which the scholars dreamed of is a flatland with the full energy for local vegetation and domestic animals in the mysterious and deep gorge. This utopia eventually reflects the rural landscape. Byeolcheonji is a utopia combining the concept of a fairyland and beautiful scenery. The scholars also used the term 'Dongcheon' for naming the enclosed landform which is suitable for seclusion and defining the some areas of beautiful scenery. Cheonghakdong, which is set only in Jirisan Mountain, has been formed by the stone scenery of gorges and Buril waterfalls around the whole area of Burilam Hermitage, the vegetation scenery of pine trees and bamboos with the legend of Choi Chiwon and his engraved inscription on a rock. Adding to the utopia passed down, the scholars perceived the village with geographical features with back to the mountain and facing the water, the river practising the trade, the flatland enclosed by bamboo forests, the vegetation mainly consisting of fruit trees and beautiful scenery as the utopia realized on earth. It is equivalent to the world of human beings laboring appropriately and living in Mother Nature. As mentioned above, this study has significance for apprehending the relevance between the culture of strolling in the mountains by the scholars of Joseon Dynasty and the fairyland and explaining the various traditional utopias from the inherited concepts from China to the naturalized realistic utopia.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.45
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• pp.177-195
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• 2016

This article analyzes Sergei Eisenstein's acting theory, which is famous for his Russian montage. According to the existing discussions, he avoids the psychological realism through the concept of cut acting. It is a method like montage from the viewpoint that the practice of the cut action is segmented into shots. While Vsevolod Pudovkin, who asserts a connection montage, is looking for performance to portray a gradual change of emotion adopted by Konstantin Stanislavsky's psychological realism, Eisenstein prefers the acting of Vsevolod Meyerhold's masks in the same manner as the collision montage. This article traces the viewpoints on acting and actor that Eisenstein posed throughout his montage theory. It focuses on Film Sense(1942) and Film Form(1949), which are a collection of articles written by Eisenstein. As a result of examining the domestic and foreign literatures centering on Korean and English, it is hard to find the discussions on the analysis of Eisenstein's acting theory. Almost all of them are concentrated in his montage, among which the mention of acting is extremely limited. The cut acting, the typage, the inner techniques and processes of actor that express and induce the living emotions, and the acting of the integrating into diversity as one of the inner language are useful concepts in the creation and case analysis of contemporary films. Especially, his acting theory can be applied in the creation process of cartoons, webtoons, and animations which can meet the most decisive and impressive montage technique of Eisenstein. It is also possible to find many related cases for the analysis. This is why I look back on Eisenstein's film acting theory, and the results of the discussion will be a sufficient foundation for the derivation of related research.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.314-324
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• 2019

This study inspected 203 employees with disabilities who are working in social enterprises based in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do from March to June 2019 in order to find out the factors of self-efficacy, social support, wages and welfare, relationship with upper management and co-worker relationships which influence job Performance and job satisfaction of disabled workers. The implications of this research are as follows. First, the factors that positively affect work performance are self-efficacy and co-worker relationships. It was shown that trust and respect that disabled workers working in domestic social corporations perceive while diligently performing the work without any bias and getting from coworkers led to good work performance. Second, when the current wage was determined by the employee's perceived ability, skill and current workloads that fit to their ability, the workers expressed job satisfaction. Moreover, job satisfaction by the employees was followed by the perception of the possibility of living a more stable life with the current monthly income. Third, upper managements' care on personal issues, acknowledgment of autonomy and support through communication have led to job satisfaction among the employees. Lastly, considering the research result in which the social support that the disabled workers perceive does not show any positive effect on work performance or work satisfaction, it can be concluded that there is a need for a change in the social perception of disabled workers.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.101-109
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• 2011

Recently, the construction of U-City or of U-City service (U-service) in many kinds of urban development projects becomes the general trend. However, as the construction of U-city comes into the spotlight like the trend of the times, various service constructions are being indiscreetly implemented since it's processed focusing on local specialized projects or local landmark project by a local autonomous entity or an institute in charge being off the original purpose of the improvement of living quality of residents and the efficiency of urban management, which causes a number of problems on the process, maintenance, operation and management of those projects. Therefore, this study is to derive the standard pattern of U-service construction through the analysis of patterns and numbers of U-service and problems during the process of construction in domestic U-City construction case district, and is aimed to suggest the reasonable direction of service construction based on this. 11 projects areas in which data related to U-service are available among U-City construction project areas were selected for the subjects of this study, and it's standardized with 228 detailed unit services that were suggested by U-Eco City R&D and with 11 service domains that are regulated in "the Act of ubiquitous city construction etc.", and it is limited to services that were suggested in U-City case area of which design was completed by July, 2010 based on this. The actual state of various U-service construction is analyzed through case studies as well as reviews on the legal and theoretical concept and the method of pattern classification of U-service, the plan for the standardization (pattern classification) of U-service and the plan for the construction body of service and to share the costs are suggested as the plan to construct reasonable U-service based on this for the method and the procedure of this study For the method to construct U-service, the plan to classify the pattern of U-service into the basic service and additional service is suggested, and whether it has the publicity, whether urban infrastructure is included, whether utilities are included, the body of realization, the recipients, the urgency, the importance and the spreading, etc. are suggested for the index to determine the pattern of service. The method to get the executor of a project to construct the basic service, the method to get the executor of a project to construct the most basic service among the group classification of service and to get a private entity and a local autonomous entity to perform additional service in the future, and the method to construct the whole service and to distribute the construction costs were suggested, and the first one that determines the body of construction after dividing U-service into the basic service and the additional service was evaluated to be the most reasonable one. And the plan to solve the problem that the excessive construction costs of U-service are shifted onto the executor of a project through benefit principle, balanced distribution principle and consultation and mediation between the interested parties was suggested for the criteria to share the costs.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.3420-3429
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• 1974

This study was performed to estimate the daily water consumption for watering livestock and home use, and to organize the water systems in the rural districts of Korea. For these purposes, 560 farms and other 40 urban families were randomly chosen and investigated about their water systems and daily water consumption seasonally from July 20 to August 31, 1973, and other 82 livestock raisers' useful data for watering livestock helped the study to assess the consumption of livestock water and compare it to that of general farms which bred some domestic animals as their sidelines. The results of data showed that the daily consumption of water was varied with the difference of districts and seasons in which the investigations were conducted. The results were summarized as follows. 1. The mean consumption of water for home use was varied with the range of 30.2-48.7 lit./day in summer and 22.4-45.2 lit./day per a person, respectively, in the rural districts, which showed that the water consumption in summer was more than in autumn. 2. The mean consumption of livestock water in the general farms approached to about 15.8-37.1 lit./day per cattle, 3.87-16.45 lit./day per a pig, and 0.19-1.03 lit./day per chicken, but it was slightly reduced in autumn; 10.89-37.09 lit./day per cattle, 3.87-12.63 lit./day per a pig, and 0.06-0.94 lit./day per chicken. The ratio of livestock water consumption to home use amounted to the range of 10-25%. 3. The mean consumption of livestock water used at the livestock raisers amounted to 134 lit./day per dairy cow, 67.4 lit./day per cattle, 43.29 lit./day per a horse, 13.24 lit./day per a pig, 0.438 lit./day per a layer, and 0.177 lit./day per a broiler, which showed that the daily water consumption for larger livestock was about two times as much as the farms, but it was approximately of the same for small ones. 4. The factors affecting the amount of water consumption for home use were statistically analyzed to find the kind of water sources and the class of water systems by the factorial arrangement method to the fundamental experimental unit, Suwon area of 100 of families, in which the former was very significant while the latter was significant. However, the standard of living and their interactions were not significant. 5. Almost 83.24% of the sampled farms used some kinds of wells as their water sources, of which 32.06% was of hard water, and of which 11.l% or 2.6% contained much of iron or organice materials, respectively, examining them by a simple technique of sensibility, 6. The resulting chart of the farm water systems was summarized as Fig. IV-6. Observating the safe distance from contamination sources, the ratio of 42.4% of sampled farms whose water sources were wells, confronted highly to the danger of contamination to their water sources. And other dangerous sources of contamination such as toilets, stalls, and compost heaps were situated nearly to the water sources, and most of them were able to make their spoiled water infiltrated into the ground. Thereafter, it was recommended to develop some protecting methods and to install some suitable faculties to clean water.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.449-457
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• 2020

Due to the improvement of living standards and avoidance of the 3D industry, it is difficult to find young and competent domestic workers at construction sites, and most foreign workers are contributing to the replacement, but the quality is still deteriorating due to lack of skilled workers and aging. Precast method is a method that make members in factory and assembles them on site, which can be expected to improve labor force and quality. This study is intended to provide basic data for the development of hang-type PC beams that can be applied to the determination of the field application of developed PC beams. The U-type connecting material is installed on both ends of the hang-up PC beam, and the role of the U-type connecting material is very important because it is a simple construction method through the U-type connecting material. In addition, the performance of the U-type connecting material will determine the performance of the hang-type PC beam as the final destruction occurs in the hang-type PC beam. The material properties of U-type connecting material were identified through structural experiments, and the end test corresponding to the partial experiment was conducted based on the material test results identified. Finally, the final design value of PC beams was proposed through structural experiments for application to the site.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.413-424
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• 2021

Health impact assessment in the environmental impact assessment is conducted to determine whether to exceed the standard of each single substance and to establish appropriate reduction measures. In some development projects, although all substances in risk assessment meet the standard, exposure concentration is very close to it. However, considering the cumulative exposure of all substances, health effects are likely to occur considerably severer than those of individual substances, so it is necessary to prepare a concrete and improved methodology for integrating evaluation of emissions to identify the health effects actually exposed to receptors of living things. This study established the definition of cumulative risk assessment through overseas advanced cases and domestic and foreign literature reviews, and proposed a methodology for utilizing cumulative risk assessment considering health effects on multiple substances when developing industrial complexes. Applied by the proposed methodology, integrated indicators forfourtypes of hazardous heavy metals (Ni, Cr⁶⁺, Cd, As) emitted from industrial complexes were calculated, and applicability was tested with case of the industrial complex development projects conducted over the last decade (2011-2020).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.584-593
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• 2021

The sediment makes up the sea floor and plays an important role as a habitats for living things in the sea. However, pollution of coastal sediment due to internal and external factors such as inflow of contaminants from land and self-pollution becoming more serious, the needs for management of sediment that play an important role in ecology, is increasing. In particular, the review and evaluation of the effects of sediment in marine development projects including reclamation and dredging, have significance in terms of proactive protection and management of surrounding ecosystems. This study proposed the improvement measures for marine sediment management standards on the sea area utilization consultation for the development of public water. For the purpose, The evaluation and management standards of domestic and overseas marine sediments were reviewed and compared. The sediment environment guidelines under the Marine Environment Management Act of Korea were reviewed. Accordingly, the cases of Canada and NOAA, which have various evaluation standards consist of comprehensive factors, were analyzed. For analysis of operational cases, the port and fishing port development projects for the last five years (2016-2020) that are considered to have the greatest impact on sediments among the sea area use consultations were also reviewed. Finally, this study suggested that the assessment factors for ecological hazards and potential human risks should be considered in the sediment environmental standards in the sea area utilization consultation system.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.243-253
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• 2021

In this study, AHP analysis was conducted on potential residents who are willing or likely to live in a smart city. The purpose is to identify priorities for strategic objectives. In order to establish a hierarchical structure for the vision, core values, and strategic goals of the smart city business, we researched domestic and overseas smart city-related academic papers and research reports, business plans, and institutional websites. After reviewing professors, researchers, experts, and focus groups, 4 2nd tier and 12 3rd tier properties were finally selected and the hierarchical structure was confirmed. As a result of AHP analysis, it was found that residents place the highest importance on quality of life in smart city projects. As a result of the analysis of the lower-level factors, it was found that safety was the most important. The priorities were analyzed in the order of living convenience, eco-friendliness, and social inequality resolution. It is expected that the results of this analysis will be able to suggest strategies to be established when promoting smart city projects in the future.

• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.783-799
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the major academic activities of the Korean Gerontological Society (KGS) during the last 40 years in comparison to changes in elderly policies in Korea and also academic trends in gerontology worldwide and the academic activities of the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (IAGG); based on this analysis, this study aims to propose future directions for the academic progress of the KGS. We examined the major academic activities of the KGS by analyzing the contents of biannual conferences, international conferences, and irregular seminars and policy meetings, using conference booklets, KGS websites, and literature on KGS history. Second, we analyzed the academic activities of the KGS in comparison to changes in elderly policies in Korea, using databases of major newspapers and also the BigKinds search offered by the Korea Press Foundation. Third, the academic activities of the KGS were reviewed in comparison to those of the IAGG and the major aging policy agendas of key international organizations. The study results demonstrate that the KGS has been proactive in conducting diverse multi-disciplinary and international academic activities while promptly responding to both domestic and international changes in elderly policies. But some issues were not properly addressed due to the lack of diversity in its members, and it also should be noted that some issues were not discussed in depth for a sufficient length of time. Henceforth, as the leading academic organization in gerontology with a multi-disciplinary orientation in Korea, the KGS should continue to lead the development and evaluation of aging policies and also actively carry out diverse academic activities in collaboration with international academic societies and organizations.