• 한국가금학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.243-251
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• 2016

Chicken not only serves as a high-protein source to humans, but it is also used as a suitable biomodel for increasing livestock productivity and studying human diseases. Chickens have numerous advantages as model organisms mainly because of they are relatively convenient to manage due to their small body size and short generational interval. In addition, they have a small genome size and numerous genes have biologically similar functions to those of human and livestock animals. In this review, we investigated the chicken biomodel for human disease research and the use of this model for increasing livestock productivity. This summary could provide useful and basic information for further development of strategies for enhancing livestock production and human disease studies.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.137-154
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• 2018

조류인플루엔자와 구제역 같은 동물감염병은 거의 매년 발생하며 국가에 막대한 경제적 사회적 손실을 일으키고 있다. 이를 예방하기 위해서 그간 방역당국은 다양한 인적, 물적 노력을 기울였지만 감염병은 지속적으로 발생해 왔다. 최근 빅데이터와 딥러닝 기술을 활용하여 감염병의 예측모델을 개발하고자 하는 시도가 시작되고 있지만, 실제로 활용가능한 모델구축 연구와 사례보고는 활발히 진행되고 있지 않은 실정이다. KT와 과학기술정보통신부는 2014년부터 국가 R&D사업의 일환으로 축산관련 차량의 이동경로를 분석하여 예측하는 빅데이터 사업을 수행하고 있다. 동물감염병 예방을 위하여 연구진은 최초에는 차량이동 데이터를 활용한 회귀분석모델을 기반으로 한 예측모델을 개발하였다. 이후에는 기계학습을 활용하여 좀 더 정확한 예측 모델을 구성하였다. 특히, 2017년 예측모델에서는 시설물에 대한 확산 위험도를 추가하였고 모델링의 하이퍼 파라미터를 다양하게 고려하여 모델의 성능을 높였다. 정오분류표와 ROC 커브를 확인한 결과, 기계 학습 모델보다 2017년 구성된 모형이 우수함을 확인 할 수 있었다. 또한 2017에는 결과에 대한 설명을 추가하여 방역당국의 의사결정을 돕고 이해관계자를 설득할 수 있는 근거를 확보하였다. 본 연구는 빅데이터를 활용하여 동물감염병예방시스템을 구축한 사례연구로 모델주요변수값, 이에따른 실제예측성능결과, 그리고 상세하게 기술된 시스템구축 프로세스는 향후 감염병예방 영역의 지속적인 빅데이터활용 및 분석 모델 개발에 기여할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 본 연구에서 구축한 시스템을 통해 보다 사전적이고 효과적인 방역을 할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.55-59
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• 2019

Cerebral vessels are functionally and structurally specialized to provide adequate blood flow to brain which shows high metabolic rates. Cerebral hemorrhage or ischemic infarction due to cerebrovascular injury or occlusion can cause the immediate brain damage, and if not treated rapidly, can lead to serious or permanent brain damages, and sometimes life-threatening. Unlike these popular cerebrovascular diseases, there are diseases caused by genetic problems. Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is one of them. CADASIL does not show the high incidence, but it is considered to be significantly affected by regional obstructiveness such as islands and therefore, to be an important genetic disease in Jeju. This paper aims to summarize the possibility of animal model research that can provide preclinical data for CADASIL disease research and to evaluate its applicability in future research plans.

• BMB Reports
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2022

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a debilitating chronic disorder characterized by suprapubic pain and urinary symptoms such as urgency, nocturia, and frequency. The prevalence of IC/BPS is increasing as diagnostic criteria become more comprehensive. Conventional pharmacotherapy against IC/BPS has shown suboptimal effects, and consequently, patients with end-stage IC/BPS are subjected to surgery. The novel treatment strategies should have two main functions, anti-inflammatory action and the regeneration of glycosaminoglycan and urothelium layers. Stem cell therapy has been shown to have dual functions. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising therapeutic option for IC/BPS, but they come with several shortcomings, such as immune activation and tumorigenicity. MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) hold numerous therapeutic cargos and are thus a viable cell-free therapeutic option. In this review, we provide a brief overview of IC/BPS pathophysiology and limitations of the MSC-based therapies. Then we provide a detailed explanation and discussion of therapeutic applications of EVs in IC/BPS as well as the possible mechanisms. We believe our review will give an insight into the strengths and drawbacks of EV-mediated IC/BPS therapy and will provide a basis for further development.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.5-9
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• 2017

Objectives: Gan Mai Da Zao (GMDZ) decoction is widely used for the treatment of various diseases of the internal organ and of the central nervous system. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of GMDZ decoction on neuropsychiatric disorders in an animal model. Methods: We searched seven databases for randomized animal studies published until April 2015: Pubmed, four Korean databases (DBpia, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, Korean Studies Information Service System, and Research Information Sharing Service), and one Chinese database (China National Knowledge Infrastructure). The randomized animal studies were included if the effects of GMDZ decoction were tested on neuropsychiatric disorders. All articles were read in full and extracted predefined criteria by two independent reviewers. Results: From a total of 258 hits, six randomized controlled animal studies were included. Five studies used a Sprague Dawley rat model for acute psychological stress, post-traumatic stress disorders, and unpredictable mild stress depression whereas one study used a Kunming mouse model for prenatal depression. The results of the studies showed that GMDZ decoction improved the related outcomes. Conclusion: Regardless of the dose and concentration used, GMDZ decoction significantly improved neuropsychiatric disease-related outcomes in animal models. However, additional systematic and extensive studies should be conducted to establish a strong conclusion.

• 대한수의사회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.555-575
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• 2008

The role of animal shelter is important for animal welfare. From this year, the animal shelter have clinic system and veterinarian. So adoption rate increased to 45%, die of illness decresed to 258% in the dog and adoption rate increased to 489%, die of illness decreased to 258% in the cat. The disease and condition of each animal is improved, also belief of adoption is improved too. veterinarian is necessary to animal welfare and systemic, professional model of animal shelter will contribute to animal welfare.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.1413-1425
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• 2018

Shiga toxins (Stxs) are the main virulence factors expressed by the pathogenic Stx-producing bacteria, namely, Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 and certain Escherichia coli strains. These bacteria cause widespread outbreaks of bloody diarrhea (hemorrhagic colitis) that in severe cases can progress to life-threatening systemic complications, including hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) characterized by the acute onset of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and kidney dysfunction. Shiga toxicosis has a distinct pathogenesis and animal models of Stx-associated HUS have allowed us to investigate this. Since these models will also be useful for developing effective countermeasures to Stx-associated HUS, it is important to have clinically relevant animal models of this disease. Multiple studies over the last few decades have shown that mice injected with purified Stxs develop some of the pathophysiological features seen in HUS patients infected with the Stx-producing bacteria. These features are also efficiently recapitulated in a non-human primate model (baboons). In addition, rats, calves, chicks, piglets, and rabbits have been used as models to study symptoms of HUS that are characteristic of each animal. These models have been very useful for testing hypotheses about how Stx induces HUS and its neurological sequelae. In this review, we describe in detail the current knowledge about the most well-studied in vivo models of Stx-induced HUS; namely, those in mice, piglets, non-human primates, and rabbits. The aim of this review is to show how each human clinical outcome-mimicking animal model can serve as an experimental tool to promote our understanding of Stx-induced pathogenesis.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2016

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II gene on resistance to Newcastle disease virus and body weight of the Thai indigenous chicken, Leung Hang Khao (Gallus gallus domesticus). Blood samples were collected for single nucleotide polymorphism analysis from 485 chickens. Polymerase chain reaction sequencing was used to classify single nucleotide polymorphisms of class II MHC. Body weights were measured at the ages of 3, 4, 5, and 7 months. Titres of Newcastle disease virus at 2 weeks to 7 months were determined and the correlation between body weight and titre was analysed. The association between single nucleotide polymorphisms and body weight and titre were analysed by a generalized linear model. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified: C125T, A126T, C209G, C242T, A243T, C244T, and A254T. Significant correlations between log titre and body weight were found at 2 and 4 weeks. Associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms and titre were found for C209G and A254T, and between all single nucleotide polymorphisms (except A243T) and body weight. The results showed that class II MHC is associated with both titre of Newcastle disease virus and body weight in Leung Hang Khao chickens. This is of concern because improved growth traits are the main goal of breeding selection. Moreover, the results suggested that MHC has a pleiotropic effect on the titre and growth performance. This mechanism should be investigated in a future study.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.368-375
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• 2017

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the main cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea that can cause colitis or even death. The medical-treatment cost and deaths caused by CDI are increasing annually worldwide. New approaches for prevention and treatment of these infections are needed, such as the use of probiotics. Probiotics, including Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus, are microorganisms that confer a health benefit to the host when administered in adequate amounts. The effect of Bifidobacterium longum ATCC 15707 on infectious disease caused by C. difficile 027 was investigated in a mouse model. The survival rates for mice given the pathogen alone, and with live cells, or dead cells of B. longum were 40, 70, and 60%, respectively. In addition, the intestinal tissues of the B. longum-treated group maintained structural integrity with some degree of damage. These findings suggested that B. longum ATCC 15707 has a function in repressing the infectious disease caused by C. difficile 027.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.274-274
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of in vitro differentiated human embryonic stem (MB03) cells expressing Nurr1 in relief of symptomatic motor behavior of Parkinson's disease (PD) animal models. MB03 cell was genetically modified to express Nurr1 protein (Nr#24/MB03) and was induced to differentiate according to 2- /4+ protocol using retinoic acid and ascorbic acid. (omitted)