• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.65-71
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• 2002

The immunological mechanism of the responses to ultraviolet (UV) B radiation in mouse models were investigated by the suppression of contact hypersensitivity (CHS) and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH), and susceptibility to infection. However, there are some differences in immune suppression according to the different models as well as the irradiation protocols. Therefore, this review focused on the differences in the suppressive effects on CHS and DTH, and susceptibility to infection in relation to the different in vivo models. Recent advances in cytokine knockout mice experiments have the reexamination of the role of the critical cytokines in UVB-induced immune suppression, which was investigated previously by blocking antibodies. The characteristics of the suppressor cells responsible for UVB-induced tolerance were determined. The subcellular mechanism of UVB-induced immune suppression was also explained by the induction of apoptotic cells through the Fas and Fas-ligand interaction. The phagocytosis of the apoptotic cells is believed to induce the production of the immune suppressive cytokine like interleukin-10 by macrophages. Therefore, the therapeutic UVB response to a skin disease, such as psoriasis, by the depletion of infiltrating T cells could be considered in the extension line of apoptosis and immune suppression.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.248-258
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• 2012

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is one of the most important food crops worldwide and yields of potato can be affected by virus infection. While more than 40 viruses have been found in potato, only nine viruses (potato leafroll virus, potato viruses A, M, S, V, X and Y, potato moptop virus and tobacco rattle virus) and one viroid (potato spindle tuber viroid) have a significant economic impact on potato, worldwide. This review describes the geographical distribution of the most important viruses infecting potato and the genes for resistance or tolerance that have been identified against these various infectious agents. In some cases such resistance genes have been found only in other Solanum species. Few genes for resistance to the vectors of these viruses have been obtained and even fewer have been deployed successfully. However, transgenic resistance in potato has been achieved against seven of these disease agents.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.271-275
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• 2000

A growing number of people are concerned about their sleep. There are many people with chronic sleep disorders. As there are various causes in a disease, proper treatment according to each cause is necessary for a more effective treatment. In general, insomnia is classified into five categories of physical, physiological, psychological, psychiatric and pharmacological aspects. Sedative-hypnotics including benzodiazepine and non-benzodiazepine have widely been used in chronic insomniacs. However, most hypnotics including non-benzodiazepine cause some of dependence, tolerance, impaired daytime function and rebound insomnia. Therefore, we are looking forward to proposing an effective oriental treatment for insomnia. A 71-year-old male who had suffered from cerebral infarction was admitted to our department for oriental treatment of stroke and insomnia. Initial treatment modalities with administration of paroxetine were not effective. However administration of oriental medicine' Gochimmuwoo-san(Gaozhenwuyou-san)' achieved a desirable effect.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.197-202
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• 1989

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of growth medium in pots composed of upland soil(S), rice straw manure(M), carbonated rice hull(CRH), and their mixture on growth of tobacco cv. NC 82. The growth of shoot and root was vigorous in order of medium S+M+CRH>M>CRH>S. In M+S medium, root growth in the part of manure was superior to upland soil. But root growth of upland soil part in M+S plot was more vigorous than that in upland soil only. It is possibly due to be influenced by manure in M+S plot. Total length and weight of root, number of roots, and especially for development of adventitious root were closely related to shoot growth. Roots grown in upland soil part was brownish gray in color, while the roots in manure part was milky white. The milky white colored roots had longer life than others. It was concluded that root zone environments derived from several media in pots closely related to shoot growth and disease tolerance of tobacco plant.

• CELLMED
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.20.1-20.4
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• 2015

Ayurveda is often criticized for having empirical and non-evidence based approach to treat the patients. At the same time, modern medicine is also being criticized for having a non-holistic, reductionist and mechanistic approach of treating the patients which do not help in many real clinical situations. An open minded deduction of treatment approaches in both of these systems for a common patient however makes us to rethink that ideally both systems are similar with a common objective of offering a cure although in a manner which is better understood through their own methods of learning. The differences therefore, are more superficial rather than being deeply rooted in the understanding. A more tolerant viewpoint towards the competitive medical systems may therefore be a better approach to offer optimal health care to our people through a genuine amalgamation of these two health care sciences through an integrated approach. Once this tolerance is developed, it will give us an opportunity to think for a focused selection of type of health care depending upon the type of the disease and strength of the particular system in that area.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 1994

The growing condition and the point at issue were investigated for utilization as a fundamental data of the Boxthorn research in the growing farm household, which was chief producing district of Box-thorn in Chongyang, Chungmam province. The results were summarized as follow'; Lycium fruit wasproduced 445M/. in the 170.4ha. In practical cultivation, major numbers of decapitation were threetimes,, and planting distance was dense planting, and also amount of applied fertilizer was beyondbasic-fertilizer level and number of split application was abundant.Numbers of harvesting were six-ten times, and many labor was requiremented.The issues in cultivation were development of processing technique, supplement of varieties whichhave disease tolerance, superior quality and high yielding, improving of cultivation methods for laborsaving and magnification of demand.

• ALGAE
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

Seaweed aquaculture technologies have developed dramatically over the past 70 years mostly in Asia and more recently in Americas and Europe. However, there are still many challenges to overcome with respect to the science and to social acceptability. The challenges include the development of strains with thermo-tolerance, disease resistance, fast growth, high concentration of desired molecules, the reduction of fouling organisms and the development of more robust and cost efficient farm systems that can withstand storm events in offshore environments. It is also important to note that seaweed aquaculture provides ecosystem services, which improve conditions of the coastal waters for the benefit of other living organisms and the environment. The ecosystem services role of seaweed aquaculture and its economic value will also be quantitatively estimated in this review.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.26-39
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• 2024

Gold nanostructures (Au NSs) are useful and interesting matrices for mass spectrometric analysis of various biomolecules based on organic matrix-free laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LDI-TOF-MS). Au NSs provide high efficiency and versatility in LDI-TOF-MS analysis based on their well-established synthesis and surface functionalization, large surface area, high laser absorption capacity, and photothermal conversion efficiency. Therefore, Au NSs based LDI-TOF-MS can be a facile, functional, and efficient analytical method for important small biomolecules owing to its simple preparation, rapid analysis, salt-tolerance, signal reproducibility, and quantitative analysis. This review chronologically summarizes the important advance of Au NSs-based LDI-TOF-MS platforms in terms of in-depth mechanism, signal enhancement, quantitative analysis, and disease diagnosis.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.12.1-12.13
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• 2022

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is presumed to modulate the natural course of allergic disease by inducing immune tolerance. However, conventional AITs, such as subcutaneous immunotherapy and sublingual immunotherapy, require long treatment durations and often provoke local or systemic hypersensitivity reactions. Therefore, only <5% of allergy patients receive AIT as second-line therapy. Novel administration routes, such as intralymphatic, intradermal and epicutaneous immunotherapies, and synthetic recombinant allergen preparations have been evaluated to overcome these limitations. We will review the updated views of diverse AIT methods, and discuss the limitations and opportunities of the AITs for the treatment of allergic diseases in humans.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.389-396
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• 2012

Melon (Cucumis melo) is an annual herbaceous plant of the family Cucurbitaceae. Phytophthora rot, caused by Phytophthora capsici is a serious threat to cucurbits crops production as it directly infects the host plant, and it is difficult to control because of variable pathogenicity. This study investigated the resistance of 450 accessions of melon germplasm against Phytophthora rot by inoculating the seedlings with sporangial suspension ($10^{5\;or\;6}$ zoosporangia/ml) of P. capsici. Disease incidence of Phytophthora rot was observed on the melon germplasm at 7-day intervals for 35 days after inoculation. Susceptible melon germplasm showed either severe symptoms of stem and root rot or death of the whole plant. Twenty out of 450 tested accessions showed less than 20% disease incidence, of which five accessions showed a high level of resistance against Phytopthtora rot. Five resistant accessions, namely IT119813, IT138016, IT174911, IT174927, and IT906998, scored 0% disease incidence under high inoculum density of P. capsici ($10^6$ zoosporangia/mL). We recommend that these candidate melon germplasm may be used as genetic resources in the breeding of melon varieties resistant to Phytophthora rot.