• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.129-145
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aims at preparing an external evacuation system by setting up situation that may occur outside buildings in case of large-scale fire at buildings such as multiuse facilities and presenting appropriate response procedures and action instructions for evacuees and facility managers. Method: Major matters are summarized based on various situations which may occur outside in case of fire and the contents of fire manual. Necessary factors including risk alert standards in the event of fire and the role of building occupants are classified and then important issues are summarized. In addition, the definition of fire-related outside shelters and external evacuation routes are showed, and then the applicability to the shelters and the routes are reviewed for old apartments in Jung-gu among multi-dense facilities. Result: Four stages (attention, caution, alert, serious) for standards of fire risk warning are established with the results of the investigation and analysis, and guidelines for behavior for evacuees, facility owners, residents, managers are summarized and presented. In addition, the concept and role of external shelters are divided into primary to the third shelters, and matters related to the definition of each shelter and the establishment of evacuation routes are presented, and then considered them carefully. Conclusion: This study has highlighted the importance of suggesting a systematic plan to secure the safety for evacuees outside space of buildings with disorder and difficulty to control in the event of fire. Therefore, we are confident that it will be useful in making an integrated manual for inside and outside buildings.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.29-36
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• 2014

Under the situation that the seismic vulnerability are a worsening problem in many world's megacities, the disaster preparedness including earthquake hazards is a matter of primary concern in the capital city of Korea, Seoul. Especially, because it is hard to move or dismantle the architectural heritages, the mitigation of earthquake damages is potentially more difficult than other structures. Moreover, in order to decide the proper preparedness plan against future earthquakes, it is very important to understand how soils pass the seismic waves to architectural heritages. In this paper, therefore, the ground condition and depth of bedrock was investigated by the MASW-method at heritages located in Seoul. Then one-dimensional seismic response analysis was conducted based on the distribution of shear wave velocity. As the major result of analyses, peak acceleration, site amplification factor and natural period are proposed in each site for recurrence period.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.656-664
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• 2023

Purpose: The Ministry of Employment and Labor manages disasters based on the standard manual for risk management of large-scale human accidents in workplaces when large-scale disasters such as fires and collapses occur in workplaces. We are going to check the standard manual currently in operation and suggest improvement plans for the insufficient items. Method: Accordingly, the standard manual was checked together with internal and external experts in the disaster management manual and disaster management staff at headquarters and local government offices, and items to be improved were identified with priority. Result: In case of a collapse accident, it is necessary for the Ministry of Public Administration and Security to accurately present the selection criteria in order to eliminate the controversy over the selection of the disaster management department. In addition, it seems necessary to supplement the details of the disaster safety communication network operation and evacuation guidelines. Conclusion: In the future, in order to improve the disaster management system that meets the public's eye level, it is expected to prepare a standard manual for risk management of large-scale human accidents in workplaces that guarantees the lives and safety of workers through the collection of opinions from experts in the relevant field, disaster management personnel, and the general public.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.199-205
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aims to improve the recognition rate of Auto People Counting (APC) in accurately identifying and providing information on remaining evacuees in disaster-vulnerable facilities such as nursing homes to firefighting and other response agencies in the event of a disaster. Methods: In this study, a baseline model was established using CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) models to improve the algorithm for recognizing images of incoming and outgoing individuals through cameras installed in actual disaster-vulnerable facilities operating APC systems. Various algorithms were analyzed, and the top seven candidates were selected. The research was conducted by utilizing transfer learning models to select the optimal algorithm with the best performance. Results: Experiment results confirmed the precision and recall of Densenet201 and Resnet152v2 models, which exhibited the best performance in terms of time and accuracy. It was observed that both models demonstrated 100% accuracy for all labels, with Densenet201 model showing superior performance. Conclusion: The optimal algorithm applicable to APC among various artificial intelligence algorithms was selected. Further research on algorithm analysis and learning is required to accurately identify the incoming and outgoing individuals in disaster-vulnerable facilities in various disaster situations such as emergencies in the future.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.5-11
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was to clarify correlation between en route distance and role time on call received hours. Methods: Data on en route distance(dependent variable), role time(independent variable) from 387 prehospital care reports documented by EMS in Kyonggi Provincial Fire and Disaster Headquarters and Seoul Metropolitan Fire and Disaster Department between 21 and 10 June 2010 were randomly chosen for simple regression analysis using Windows SPSS 12. OK. This analysis was conducted nine times on unit hour divided to eight call received and overall. Results: Statistically significant regression equations( Y=2.414+1.206X for 09:00~11:59, Y=3.753+.662X for 12:00~14:59, Y=2.215+1.458X for 15:00~17:59, Y=2.600+.822X for 21:00~23:59, Y=5. 445+.263X for overall) were derieved from the data. Conclusion: These equations having linear relationship may be utilized as a method for system status management to effectively response to emergency call.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.1157-1176
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• 2014

The objective of this research is to develop a practical design and assessment approach of steel frames with steel slit walls (SSWs) that focuses on the damage-control behavior to enhance the structural resilience. The yielding sequence of SSWs and frame components is found to be a critical issue for the damage-control behavior and the design of systems. The design concept is validated by the full-scale experiments presented in this paper. Based on a modified energy-balance model, a procedure for designing and assessing the system motivated by the framework regarding the equilibrium of the energy demand and the energy capacity is proposed. The damage-control spectra constructed by strength reduction factors calculated from single-degree-of-freedom systems considering the post stiffness are addressed. A quantitative damage-control index to evaluate the system is also derived. The applicability of the proposed approach is validated by the evaluation of example structures with nonlinear dynamic analyses. The observations regarding the structural response and the prediction during selected ground motions demonstrate that the proposed approach can be applied to damage-control design and assessment of systems with satisfactory accuracy.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.113-121
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• 2015

This research suggests construction processes and security solutions for security control center as management measures for security management improvement in domestic electronic security companies. Security control center (SCC) is the central nerve of electronic security service, and no matter how well the on-site response system has been built, if SCC ceases to work due to an incident or disaster or security control personnel are harmed, the electronic security system cannot perform its proper functions. It is divided to a spatial structure, the infrastructure, control equipment, control solutions and operating structure in a construction process in the security control center. And a solution can be presented for physical security, information security, and personnel security in the way to security solutions.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.110-147
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• 2022

Many megacities are exposed to natural hazards such as earthquakes, and when located in coastal regions, are also vulnerable to hurricanes and tsunamis. The physical infrastructures of transportation systems in megacities have become so complicated that very few organizations can understand their response to extreme events such as earthquakes and can effectively mitigate subsequent economic downfalls. The technological advances made in recent years to support these complex systems have not grown as fast as the rapid demand on these systems burdened by population shift toward megacities. The objective of this paper is to examine the risks imposed on and recoveries of transportation systems in megacities as the result of extreme events such as an earthquake. First, the physical damage to transportation infrastructure, loss of the transportation system performance, and the corresponding economic loss from disruptions to passenger and freight traffic is evaluated. Then, traffic flows are re-routed to reduce vehicles' delay due to earthquakes using a microscopic traffic flow simulator with an optimization model and macroscopic terminal simulator. Finally, the economic impact of the earthquake is estimated nationwide. Southern California is regarded as the region of study. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the integrated model and provide what and how to prepare innovative resilience policies of urban infrastructure for a natural disaster occurrence.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.55-64
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• 2007

Aiming at solving the problems associated with existing wireless paging systems, this paper proposed a 4W1H+L+PI concept to context-aware information structure, based on which, a new wireless paging system named 119 system is developed under ubiquitous environment. Bemuse of the adoption of RFID tags in the wireless paging system, hazard and malfunction rates are reduced, thus accuracy is guaranteed. Besides, response time is shortened comparing with existing systems. In the future, if emergency aid information system can be implemented under the ubiquitous computing environment combined with sensor network, then aid service of good quality will be provided.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1131-1150
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• 2014

One of the issues in extending the range of applicable problems of real-time hybrid simulation is the computation speed of the simulator when large-scale computational models with a large number of DOF are used. In this study, functionality of real-time dynamic simulation of MDOF systems is achieved by creating a logic circuit that performs the step-by-step numerical time integration of the equations of motion of the system. The designed logic circuit can be implemented to an FPGA-based system; FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) allows large-scale parallel computing by implementing a number of arithmetic operators within the device. The operator splitting method is used as the numerical time integration scheme. The logic circuit consists of blocks of circuits that perform numerical arithmetic operations that appear in the integration scheme, including addition and multiplication of floating-point numbers, registers to store the intermediate data, and data busses connecting these elements to transmit various information including the floating-point numerical data among them. Case study on several types of linear and nonlinear MDOF system models shows that use of resource sharing in logic synthesis is crucial for effective application of FPGA to real-time dynamic simulation of structural response with time step interval of 1 ms.