• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.227-235
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• 2024

Inland wetlands provide important ecosystem services or functions, including biodiversity conservation, water purification, flood control, and carbon sequestration. However, many inland wetlands are being degraded by urbanization and industrialization, raising the need for conservation and restoration. This study proposes the adoption of No Net Loss(NLL) of Wetland for wetland conservation and restoration in Korea by the review of the literatures. To this end,, we analyzed the wetland conservation and management systems of the United States, Canada, Germany, Japan, and Australia, and identified institutional features and success factors of each country, and sought ways to adapt them to domestic conditions of Korea. The case of the United States highlights the importance of legal frameworks and public-private collaboration, Canada demonstrates systematic management approaches, Germany maintains a balance between development and conservation, Japan underscores the need for cooperative conservation efforts, and Australia emphasizes the efficiency of offset markets. The introduction and operation of these schemes are expected to contribute to climate change mitigation, biodiversity conservation, and water quality improvement, but ongoing research and policy efforts are needed to ensure that the schemes are well established.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.161-177
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• 2020

This research aims to identify the relevance of 'Adolescence consumption' units to ESD(Education for Sustainable Development), and to analyze the unit's inquiry tendency through the Romey analysis method. The assessment criteria in association with ESD developed in the previous literature were summarized and established to set up an analysis framework consisted of 11 key points including environmental perspective (natural resources, climate change/disaster prevention and mitigation, and sustainable rural and urban systems), economic perspective (corporate sustainability, market economy, and poverty gap mitigation), and socio-cultural perspective (human rights/peace/human protection, cultural diversity and understanding, health/safety, civic engagement, and management of nation). With this framework, the learning contents of 'adolescence consumption life' unit in twelve middle school Home Economics textbooks were analyzed including the texts, images/illustrations/tables/graphs, and activities. The analysis revealed that the core elements of the 'market economy' and 'management of nation' from the economic perspective were presented in three different formats: texts, images/illustrations/tables/graphs, and activities. However, relatively insufficient contents were presented in terms of health/safety, civic engagement, sustainable rural and urban systems, and corporate sustainability, and thus, development of textbooks dealing with various ESD contents is neededrecommended. Additionally, most textbooks' texts and images/illustrations/tables/graphs tend to be authoritative, while activities and assignments exhibited an inquiry tendency. It is advisable to incorporate a wider variety of ESD-related content in Home Economics classes and creatively employ inquiry-based learning activities for the development of pro-sustainable-development consumption values and behavioral tendencies among young students.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.7-19
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• 2017

Recently, the incidence of disasters and safety incidents is increasing rapidly, and the interest and demands of the people are increasing. In particular, traffic accidents in Korea are decreasing due to the continuous efforts of the government and the local governments, but still higher than the OECD average. In response to such demands of the times, the 'Regional Safety Index', a numerical value that quantifies the level of safety of each local government, is being publicized every year to awaken public awareness. The Regional Safety Index covers seven categories of accidents (traffic accidents, crimes, suicide, infectious diseases, fire, safety accidents, and natural disasters) in local governments. But, this study focuses on the traffic accident area and analyzed. The target local government is Ulju county of Ulsan Metropolitan City. Based on the traffic accident statistical data of Ulju county, the analysis of the traffic accidents and vulnerable points were analyzed. Among them, 3 key improvement districts were selected and 15 vulnerable branches were selected for each key improvement district. Next, we prepared measures for improvement of each accident vulnerable site through analysis of geographic information through traffic data related to traffic accidents and interview with related organizations. In addition, the improvement measures are divided into the structural infrastructure improvement, the institutional improvement, and the traffic safety culture movement from the viewpoint of traffic accident prevention. Finally, the implications of this study are to clarify the duties and roles of the relevant departments in the municipality, based on the implementation schedule of the improvement projects for the prevention of traffic accidents and the budget plan. In addition, it is very important that the participating agencies involved in traffic accidents and the private sector participate in the project.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.52-59
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• 2008

We have developed a new deep-towed marine DC resistivity survey system. It was designed to detect the top boundary of the methane hydrate zone, which is not imaged well by seismic reflection surveys. Our system, with a transmitter and a 160-m-long tail with eight source electrodes and a receiver dipole, is towed from a research vessel near the seafloor. Numerical calculations show that our marine DC resistivity survey system can effectively image the top surface of the methane hydrate layer. A survey was carried out off Joetsu, in the Japan Sea, where outcrops of methane hydrate are observed. We successfully obtained DC resistivity data along a profile ${\sim}3.5\;km$ long, and detected relatively high apparent resistivity values. Particularly in areas with methane hydrate exposure, anomalously high apparent resistivity was observed, and we interpret these high apparent resistivities to be due to the methane hydrate zone below the seafloor. Marine DC resistivity surveys will be a new tool to image sub-seafloor structures within methane hydrate zones.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.52 no.9
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• pp.627-635
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• 2019

In Korea, snow damage has been happened in the region with no snowfalls in history. Also, casual damage was caused by heavy snow. Therefore, policy about the Natural Disaster Reduction Comprehensive Plan has been changed to include the mitigation measures of snow damage. However, since heavy snow damage was not frequent, studies on snowfall have not been conducted in different points. The characteristics of snow data commonly are not same to the rainfall data. For example, some parts of the southern coastal areas are snowless during the year, so there is often no values or zero values among the annual maximum daily snow accumulation. The characteristics of this type of data is similar to the censored data. Indeed, Busan observation sites have more than 36% of no data or zero data. Despite of the different characteristics, the frequency analysis for snow data has been implemented according to the procedures for rainfall data. The frequency analysis could be implemented in both way to include the zero data or exclude the zero data. The fitness of both results would not be high enough to represent the real data shape. Therefore, in this study, a methodology for selecting a probability density function was suggested considering the characteristics of snow data in Korea. A method to select probability density function using conditional joint probability distribution was proposed. As a result, fitness from the proposed method was higher than the conventional methods. This shows that the conventional methods (includes 0 or excludes 0) overestimated snow depth. The results of this study can affect the design standards of buildings and also contribute to the establishment of measures to reduce snow damage.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.177-186
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• 2021

For disaster management and mitigation of earthquakes in Korea Peninsula, active fault investigation has been conducted for the past 5 years. In particular, investigation of sediment-covered active faults integrates geomorphological analysis on airborne LiDAR data, surface geological survey, and geophysical exploration, and unearths subsurface active faults by trench survey. However, the fault traces revealed by trench surveys are only available for investigation during a limited time and restored to the previous condition. Thus, the geological data describing the fault trench sites remain as the qualitative data in terms of research articles and reports. To extend the limitations due to temporal nature of geological studies, we utilized a terrestrial LiDAR to produce 3D point clouds for the fault trench sites and restored them in a digital space. The terrestrial LiDAR scanning was conducted at two trench sites located near the Yangsan Fault and acquired amplitude and reflectance from the surveyed area as well as color information by combining photogrammetry with the LiDAR system. The scanned data were merged to form the 3D point clouds having the average geometric error of 0.003 m, which exhibited the sufficient accuracy to restore the details of the surveyed trench sites. However, we found more post-processing on the scanned data would be necessary because the amplitudes and reflectances of the point clouds varied depending on the scan positions and the colors of the trench surfaces were captured differently depending on the light exposures available at the time. Such point clouds are pretty large in size and visualized through a limited set of softwares, which limits data sharing among researchers. As an alternative, we suggested Potree, an open-source web-based platform, to visualize the point clouds of the trench sites. In this study, as a result, we identified that terrestrial LiDAR data can be practical to increase reproducibility of geological field studies and easily accessible by researchers and students in Earth Sciences.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.8
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• pp.577-587
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• 2021

Drought is generally considered to be a natural disaster caused by accumulated water shortages over a long period of time, taking months or years and slowly occurring. However, climate change has led to rapid changes in weather and environmental factors that directly affect agriculture, and extreme weather conditions have led to an increase in the frequency of rapidly developing droughts within weeks to months. This phenomenon is defined as 'Flash Drought', which is caused by an increase in surface temperature over a relatively short period of time and abnormally low and rapidly decreasing soil moisture. The detection and analysis of flash drought is essential because it has a significant impact on agriculture and natural ecosystems, and its impacts are associated with agricultural drought impacts. In South Korea, there is no clear definition of flash drought, so the purpose of this study is to identify and analyze its characteristics. In this study, flash drought detection condition was presented based on the satellite-derived drought index Evaporative Stress Index (ESI) from 2014 to 2018. ESI is used as an early warning indicator for rapidly-occurring flash drought a short period of time due to its similar relationship with reduced soil moisture content, lack of precipitation, increased evaporative demand due to low humidity, high temperature, and strong winds. The flash droughts were analyzed using hydrometeorological characteristics by comparing Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), soil moisture, maximum temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and precipitation. The correlation was analyzed based on the 8 weeks prior to the occurrence of the flash drought, and in most cases, a high correlation of 0.8(-0.8) or higher(lower) was expressed for ESI and SPI, soil moisture, and maximum temperature.