• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2021

건설산업 혁신방안의 일환으로 건설생산체계가 개편됨에 따라 직접시공이 확대되고 있는 추세이다. 본 연구는 이러한 추세에 따라 직접시공 확대의 영향 및 문제점을 건축관련 업계의 입장과 외국 사례 조사를 통하여 분석하고 직접시공 확대 조치에 따른 영향을 다양한 측면에서 진단하여 직접시공의무제도를 바람직하게 적용하기 위한 대응방안을 제언하였다. 또한, 각 대안에 대하여 정책/행정 및 건축 분야 전문가 인터뷰를 통하여 효과 및 문제점을 평가하였다. 본 연구에서 도출된 직접시공의무제도 확대 및 효율화를 위한 대응방안은 발주자의 재량권 부여, 공사규모에 따른 차별화, 건설보증시스템 활용, 탄력적 작업반장제 도입의 4가지로, 전문가 인터뷰 결과 모두 직접시공 확대에 직간접적으로 긍정적 영향을 줄 것으로 평가되었다. 본 연구는 직접시공 현황을 조사하여 직접시공의무제도 적용에 있어 기초자료를 제공하며 또한 적절한 직접시공의무제도 적용을 위한 대응방안 도출과 이에 대한 전문가 평가를 통하여 직접시공 확대를 위한 방향을 제시함으로써 결과적으로 합리적 직접시공의무제도 운영을 통한 건설기업과 현장의 생산성 향상 및 효율화에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.744-752
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• 2014

본 연구는 충청남도 직영기업을 대상으로 지방공기업 경영평가의 수용성을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 지방공기업 경영평가와 관련하여 5개 측면으로 영역을 구성하고 지방공기업 경영평가의 수용성과의 영향여부를 분석하였다. 직영기업은 조직 구조상 다른 공기업들과 다른 형태를 지니고 있어서 경영평가가 효율적으로 운영되기 위해서는 보다 차별화된 전략이 필요시 된다. 상하수도의 경우 지방자치단체 조직으로 경영평가 결과의 환류가 어려운 특징이 있어 관리자의 관심과 노력이 필수적으로 요구된다. 또한, 경영평가를 통한 직영기업의 성과를 높이기 위해서는 담당자의 전문성이 필요시 되는 만큼 이를 위한 정책적 운영방안이 필요시 된다. 무엇보다 경영평가 결과에 대한 인센티브가 다른 공기업처럼 의도한 효과를 내기 어려운 구조에 있다. 따라서 평가결과에 대한 보상시스템에 대한 차별화가 필요할 것이다. 본 연구의 한계가 있으나 상대적으로 특성이 다른 상하수도 관계자에 대한 의식조사가 이루어진 만큼 향후 경영평가제도의 운영방향을 모색하는데 기여할 수 있다는 것에 의의를 지닌다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.194-199
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• 1997

Previous studies have shown that the HD3 human enterocytic differentiated colon carcinoma cell lines having low $PKC{\beta}$ activity did not respond to diacylglycerol and basic FGF by growth and by activation of pp57 MAP kinase, but undifferentiated cell lines exhibiting high $PKC{\beta}$ activity did. To confirm a role of $PKC{\beta}$ in colonocyte mitogenesis, derivatives of HD3 cell line that stably overexpress a full-length of cDNA encoding the ${\beta}_1$ isoform of human PKC were generated. The abundance and activity of $PKC{\beta}$ in two of the these cell lines, PKC3 and PKC8 were much higher than those in the C1 control cell line that carries the vector lacking the $PKC{\beta}_1\;cDNA$ insert. Following exposure to diacylglycerol or basic FGF, proliferation of PKC3 and PKC8 cells increased about 50%; but this effect was not seen with the control C1 cells. Also, in contrast to the control cells, the $PKC{\beta}_1-overproducing$ cells displayed activation of pp57 MAP kinase when treated with diacylglycerol and basic FGF as undifferentiated cell lines did. These results provide direct evidence that $PKC{\beta}_1$ which plays a key role in mitogenic responses of colon carcinoma cells to diacylglycerol and basic FGF is down-regulated in enterocytic differentiation of colon cells.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2006

Plantlet regeneration in Asteracantha longifolia(L.) Nees (Acanthaceae), a medicinal herb has been achieved from seedling explants on basal MS medium. Three different seedling explants including node, internode and leaf segments on used. Of these three explant, leaf explants gave better response for both callus mediated organogenesis and direct multiple shoot induction. Number of explants showing differentiation of shout buds was higher on MS media supplemented with BA compared to kinetin. MS medium fortified with BA ($2.0mgl^{-1}$) and NAA ($0.5mgl^{-1}$) was found to be most suitable for both callus mediated organogenesis and elongation of shouts. The elongated shoots were successfully routed on MS medium fortified with NAA or IBA. Among them $0.1mgl^{-1}$ NAA or $0.2mgl^{-1}$ IBA provides better response for rhizogenesis. Regenerated plantlets were successfully established in soil where 85.4% or them developed into morphologically normal and fertile plants. RAPD profiling using four decamer primers confirmed the genetic uniformity of the regenerated plantlets and substantiated the efficacy and suitability of this protocol for in vitro propagation of A. longifolia.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.73-76
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• 2006

신정전구세포를 이용한 퇴행성 뇌질환의 세포치료나 유전자치료에서 효율적인 유전자 전달을 목적으로 개량된 아데노바이러스 벡터의 실용 가능성을 쥐의 해마에서 유래된 신정전구세포를 이용하여 조사하였다. 외피단백질을 조작한 개략 아데노바이러스벡터는 분화전과 후의 신정전구세포로 1세대 아데노바이러스 벡터에 비해 6배 정도 유전자를 효율적으로 전달하였다. 또한 바이러스의 감염은 신정전구세포가 신경세포나 신정 아교세포로 분화하는데 영향을 미치는 않았다. 따라서 신정전구세포를 이용한 신정질환의 세포치료나 유전자 치료에서 개량된 아데노바이러스로 유전자를 전달하면 치료의 효율성을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제47권10호
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• pp.587-592
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• 2014

We investigated the effects of ${\beta}$-adrenergic activation on bone marrow adiposity and on adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). C57BL/6 mice were subjected to a control (CON), high calorie (HIGH) or low calorie (LOW) diet for 12 weeks. In each group, mice were treated with vehicle (VEH) or propranolol. The number of adipocytes per area bone marrow was increased in LOWVEH and HIGHVEH mice compared with CONVEH mice, which was attenuated by propranolol. Isoproterenol increased lipid droplet accumulation and adipogenic marker gene expression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and mouse BMSCs, which were blocked by propranolol. Conditioned medium obtained from MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts suppressed adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells, which was significantly attenuated by treatment of MC3T3-E1 cells with isoproterenol. These data suggest that ${\beta}$-adrenergic activation enhances bone marrow adipogenesis via direct stimulation of BMSCs adipogenesis and indirect inhibition of osteoblast anti-adipogenic potential.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.137-152
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• 2006

The major purpose of this study was to investigate the causal effect of the primary triad experiences on dating relationship satisfaction through self-esteem among college students. The primary triad experiences were composed of the parents' differentiation level of couple relationship and the parent-child relationship including family rule, triangulation and communication. Dating relationship satisfaction included such subscales as problem-solving communication, global satisfaction, affection communication and time together. The study data were collected from 382 college students by using self-administered questionnaire method. The results showed that parents' differentiation was positively correlated with self-esteem and all components of dating relationship satisfaction and that family rule was negatively associated only with problem-solving communication. Triangulation was negatively related with most components of dating relationship satisfaction and self-esteem, while parent-child communication showed positive correlations with the same variables. Path analysis results showed that self-esteem mediated the effect of most variables of primary triad experiences on dating relationship satisfaction. In addition, variables of the primary triad experience had direct influences on most components of dating relationship satisfaction. Self-esteem was found to be the most powerful variable influencing dating relationship satisfaction. The findings of the study were discussed in terms of pre-marital education and counseling.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.73-78
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• 1999

Although there are several methods for the preparation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from mammalian tissues, most are relatively long ultracentrifugation or manipulations by a small-scale method. We escribed a rapid method for large-scale extraction of mtDNA from human placental and horse liver tissues. The method is based on the preparation and homogenization of tissues, urification of crude mitochondria by differential centrifugations and isolation of mtDNA by alkaline Iysis. It was improved from Pre-existing methods by replacing some steps with simpler ones and discarding many others. This method gives a high yield of pure mtDNA(approximately 1-5mg from one placenta; ca. 400-600 g wet weight), depending on its sources (fresh tissue gave better results than frozen one). The resulting mtDNA indicated that this method can yield mtDNA in sufficient purity and quantity to identify the direct restriction analysis on agarose gel, random-primed labeling as a probe, and end labeling. Therefore, the method is ideal for obtaining good mtDNA samples to conduct routine restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses of natural populations for genetic studies.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2005

Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease that leads to the destruction, one of the major cause of tooth loss in human. Osteoclast Differentiation Factor(ODF), also called as Receptor activator of NF-${\kappa}B$ ligand(RANKL), a surface-associated ligand on bone marrow stromal cells and osteoblasts, activates its cognate receptor RANK on osteoclast progenitor cells, which leads to differentiation of these mononucleated precursor cells. Osteoprotegerin(OPG), a decoy receptor, is released from stromal cells and osteoblasts to inhibit the interaction between RANKL and RANK. The experiment for the effect of pregnancy on gingival health showed greater gingival inflammation and edema during pregnancy, despite similar plaque index. There should be many factors affecting the periodontal health in pregnancy. In this experiment, we examined the direct effects of sex hormones(estrogen and progesterone) on the ODF/OPG expression in human gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells at the serum concentration of pregnancy. The ratio was high in the 1st trimester of pregnancy by estrogen and in the late 2nd trimester by progesterone. Therefore, the local periodontal destruction might be accelerated by these hormonal effect on the periodontal cells.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.397-401
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• 2009

Olig2 transcription factor is widely expressed throughout the central nervous system; therefore, it is considered to have multiple functions in the developing, mature and injured brain. In this mini-review, we focus on Olig2 in the forebrain (telencephalon and diencephalon) and discuss the functional significance of Olig2 and the differentiation properties of Olig2-expressing progenitors in the development and injured states. Short- and long-term lineage analysis in the developing forebrain elucidated that not all late Olig2+ cells are direct cohorts of early cells and that Olig2 lineage cells differentiate into neurons or glial cells in a region- and stage-dependent manner. Olig2-deficient mice revealed large elimination of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and a decreased number of astrocyte progenitors in the dorsal cortex, whereas no reduction in the number of GABAergic neurons. In addition to Olig2 function in the developing cortex, Olig2 is also reported to be important for glial scar formation after injury. Thus, Olig2 can be essential for glial differentiation during development and after injury.