• 한국가구학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.248-258
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• 2017

A study was carried out to observe the 1% aqueous safranine solution flow speed in longitudinal and radial directions of softwood Thuja orientalis L., diffuse-porous wood Gmelina arborea Roxb., and ring-porous wood Phellodendron amurense Rupr., Longitudinal flow was considered from bottom to top while the radial flow was considered from bark to pith directions. In radial direction, ray cells and in longitudinal direction tracheids, vessel and wood fiber were considered for the measurement of liquid penetration speed at less than 12% moisture contents(MC). The variation of penetration speed for different species was observed and the reasons behind for this variation were explored. The highest radial penetration depth was found in ray parenchyma of T. orientalis but the lowest one was found in ray parenchyma of P. amurense. The average liquid penetration depth in longitudinal trachied of T. orientalis was found the highest among all the other cells. The penetration depth in fiber of G. arborea was found the lowest among the other longitudinal cells. It was found that cell dimension and also meniscus angle of safranine solution with cell walls were the prime factors for the variation of liquid flow speed in wood. Vessel was found to facilitate prime role in longitudinal penetration for hardwood species. The penetration depth in vessel of G. arborea was found highest among all vessels. Anatomical features like ray parenchyma cell length and diameter, end-wall pits number were found also responsible fluid flow differences. Initially liquid penetration speed was high and the nit gradually decreased in an uneven rate. Liquid flow was captured via video and the penetration depths in those cells were measured. It was found that even in presence of abundant rays in hardwood species, penetration depth of liquid in radial direction of softwood species was found high. Herein the ray length, lumen area, end wall pit diameter determined the radial permeability. On the other hand, vessel and fiber structure affected the longitudinal flow of liquids. Following a go-stop-go cycle, the penetration speed of a liquid decreased over time.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2017

Purpose - Recently, as the franchise market has grown rapidly and competition has intensified, the creation of competitive advantage by companies has become important as a corporate survival strategy. Based on previous studies, this study proposed a theoretical framework for the structural relationship between psychological ownership (organization and job), job performance, and customer orientation. Research design, data, and methodology - This research examines the structural relationship between psychological ownership, job performance, and customer orientation in terms of employees. More specifically, in this model, psychological ownership consists of two sub-dimensions of organization and function. Research models and hypotheses have been developed for this purpose. A total of 409 respondents responded via surveys. 2 out of 409 respondents have been removed and a total of 407 were used for this study. The data were analyzed using frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling with SPSS 21.0 and Amos 21.0 statistical program. Result - The results of the study are as follows. First, psychological ownership (organization and job) has a statistically significant positive effect on job performance. Second, psychological ownership of the job has a statistically significant positive effect on customer orientation. On the other hand, psychological ownership did not have a significant effect on customer orientation. Conclusions - The implications of this study are following as: From the theoretical point of view, this study distinguishes the psychological ownership of employees of a franchise corporate into two dimensions, organization and job, rather than a single dimension. Based on this, we examined the effect of psychological proprieties on job performance and customer orientation. This study also provides several implications. In a fiercely competitive franchise market, it is very important to analyze your employees to gain a competitive advantage over other competitors. It is meaningful to study the employees who work in the franchise. In addition, psychological ownership is an important variable that enhances job performance and leads to customer orientation, so the company needs to pay attention. Therefore, it needs to develop an internal marketing strategy that promotes psychological ownership.

• 대기
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.143-160
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• 2013

The effect of 3DVAR (Three Dimension Variational data Assimilation) was examined by comparing observation and the simulations of CNTL (to which data assimilation was not applied) and ALL (to which data assimilation was applied using ground observation data and radar data) for the case of a heavy snowfall event (case A) of 11-12 February 2011 in the Yeongdong region. In case A, heavy snow intensively came in the Yeongdong coastal region rather than Daegwallyeong, in particular, around the Gangneung and Donghae regions with total precipitation in Bukgangneung at approximately 91 mm according to the AWS observation. It can be seen that compared to CNTL, ALL simulated larger precipitation along the Yeongdong coastline extending from Sokcho to Donghae while simulating smaller precipitation for inland areas including Daegwallyeong. On comparison of the total accumulated precipitations from simulations of CNTL and ALL, and the observed total accumulated precipitation, the positive effect of the assimilation of ground observation data and radar data could be identified in Bukgangneung and Donghae, on the other hand, the negative effect of the assimilation could be identified in the Daegwallyeong and Sokcho regions. In order to examine the average accuracy of precipitation prediction by CNTL and ALL for the entire Gangwon region including the major points mentioned earlier, the three hour accumulated precipitation from simulations of CNTL and ALL were divided into 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mm/3hr and threat Scores were calculated by forecasting time. ALL showed relatively higher TSs than CNTL for all threshold values although there were some differences. That is, when considered generally based on the Gangwon region, the accuracy of precipitation prediction from ALL was improved somewhat compared to that from CNTL.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1692-1698
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 가구풍요도가 행복감에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 이 관계에서 주관적 건강의 매개효과를 검증하는데 있다. 분석 자료는 제8차(2012년) 청소년건강행태온라인조사를 활용하였으며, 조사대상자는 총 74,186명이었다. 본 연구의 결과, 청소년은 자신의 사회경제적 상태는 다소 부유하지 못하다고 느끼고 있는 반면, 자신은 신체적으로 건강하다고 느끼며 대체로 현실에 만족하는 생활을 하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 연구모형의 분석결과, 가구풍요도가 높을수록 주관적 건강수준이 높아지며, 주관적 건강수준은 청소년의 행복감을 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 주관적 건강은 가구풍요도와 행복감의 관계에서 부분매개효과가 있음이 검증되었다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 청소년의 행복감에 영향을 미치는 요인인 경제 불평등을 줄이고 심리사회적 자원인 행복감에 영향을 미치는 청소년의 건강 수준을 높이기 위해 사회적 차원의 노력과 다차원적인 보건정책의 수립 및 실행이 필요함을 제언하였다.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제27권
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• pp.183-212
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• 2004

이 연구는 맥루한의 '인간 확장' 개념으로부터 출발해, 이동전화가 매개하고 있는 인간 커뮤니케이션 확장 개념이 어떤 차원들로 구성되어 있는지를 논증해보고, 이들 각 차원의 상호작용에 의한 구체적인 이동전화 이용행태와 사회적 관계의 확장의 양상을 실증적 자료를 바탕으로 검증하고자 했다. '이동성'과 '개별성'이라는 이동전화의 매체적 특성은 인간 커뮤니케이션의 '기능 확장'과 '자아 확장'이라는 두 개의 차원 흑은 영역을 견인하고 있으며, 이는 이동전화의 도구적 이용동기와 표현적 이용동기에 각각 조응하고 있음을 밝혀 보았다. 나아가 설문조사방법을 통해 수집된 자료를 분석한 결과, 이용동기의 두 차원의 상호작용 결과, 이동전화 이용자들의 이용행태와 사회적 관계의 확장은 다양한 양상으로 전개되는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 이동전화가 견인하고 있는 인간 커뮤니케이션의 확장은 일률적인 내용과 방향으로 전개되는 것이 아니라, 확장 개념의 두 차원이 상호작용함으로써 불균등한 양상으로 진행되는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.454-454
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• 2011

Graphene shows unusual electronic properties, such as carrier mobility as high as 10,000 $cm^2$/Vs at room temperature and quantum electronic transport, due to its electronic structure. Carrier mobility of graphene is ten times higher than that of Silicon device. On the one hand, quantum mechanical studies have continued on graphene. One of them is quantum Hall effect which is observed in graphene when high magnetic field is applied under low temperature. This is why two dimension electron gases can be formed on Graphene surface. Moreover, quantum Hall effect can be observed in room temperature under high magnetic field and shows fractional quantization values. Quantum Hall effect is important because quantized Hall resistances always have fundamental value of h/$e^2$ ~ 25,812 Ohm and it can confirm the quantum mechanical behaviors. The value of the quantized Hall resistance is extremely stable and reproducible. Therefore, it can be used for SI unit. We study to measure quantum Hall effect in CVD graphene. Graphene devices are made by using conventional E-beam lithography and RIE. We measure quantum Hall effect under high magnetic field at low temperature by using He4 gas closed loop cryostat.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2018

온라인 악성댓글에 대한 폐해는 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 많은 선행 연구들은 악성댓글에 대한 중화가 핵심적인 선행 요인임을 확인해왔다. 중화는 이론적으로 일곱개의 다차원 개념으로 구성되어 있으며 일탈행위의 종류에 따라 중화요인의 유의성이 다르게 나타난다. 본 연구는 일탈행위 연구에서 다차원의 중화 기술 요인들을 실증한 것과는 다르게 악성 댓글 연구에서는 중화기술을 단일 차원으로 살펴보았다는 사실에 주목한다. 한편, 일탈행위에 대한 중재자의 역할은 일탈행위 억제에 기여할 수 있지만 악성댓글 연구에서의 중재 의도에 대한 연구는 상대적으로 부족한 상황이다. 상호보완적인 두 개의 연구로 구성된 본 연구는 악성댓글 작성의도와 중재 의도에 대한 관련 요인들을 발견하고자 하였다. 연구결과, 본 연구는 악성댓글 작성자가 비난자에 대한 비난과 책임의 부정 중화기술을 활용 한다는 것을 발견하였다. 또한, 상대방과의 정서적 공감이 악성댓글 중재 의도에 중요한 영향을 준다는 사실을 발견하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권9_10호
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• pp.1400-1412
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• 2006

As PB market segments into premium market, PBs were drawing attentions in terms of creating profits as well as a means to differentiate building up store identity. The purpose of this study makes a comparative study on the difference of consumer attitude formation process in discount store and home-shopping distribution channel which are recently on the upswing. This paper investigated the consumer's attitude formation on the private apparel brand. Subjects of this study were consumers in their $20s{\sim}40s$ who are main customer groups of PBs. The data were analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling and Multi-Group Analysis of Amos 5.0 to verify the difference of the path between store PB and premium PB. Following are the results of the study. Consumer attitude formation path on PB grades showed statistically noticeable difference. In discount store PB, store evaluation didn't directly influence on consumer attitude formation but showed indirect effect. On the other hand, in home shopping premium PB case, product evaluation directly influenced on consumer attitudes with store evaluation. Hedonic attitude dimension connected with behavioral attitude(purchase intention) revealed difference in path. Also consumer's evaluation on variables in model turned out to be different according to brand grade.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.401-408
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• 2014

This paper proposes an optimum operation method for open type ground heat exchangers. A series of TRTs and artificial heating/cooling operations were carried out while monitoring temperature in the hole of SCW. The ground temperature naturally increases with depth, but a switch between the cooling/heating mode results in a change in the distribution of ground temperature. The effect of the mode change was evaluated by performing LMTD and COMSOL multiphysics analysis for a reduced model with the depth of 150 m. As a result, in the cooling mode, the upstream operation is more efficient than the downstream operation and reduces EWT by $2.26^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, in the heating mode, the downstream operation is advantageous over the upstream operation and increases EWT by $3.19^{\circ}C$. The merit of the optimum operation will be enhanced for the typical dimension of SCW with a depth of 400~500 m. In the future, an open type ground heat exchanger system adopting the optimum operation with variation in the ground temperature will be used in practice.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.225-240
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• 2015

This study aims to identify the factorial constructs of the relational benefits perceived by consumers of outdoor wear brands and their impacts on the consumers' trust in and satisfaction with outdoor wear brands. An online survey was conducted with females and males between the ages of 20 and 50 who have experienced buying outdoor wear brands. A total of 420 responses were analyzed by factor analysis, a reliability test, and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study were as follows: first, the results of factor analysis and the reliability test on the relational benefits perceived by outdoor wear brand purchasers clearly showed conceptual constructs that included informational benefits, social benefits, and psychological benefits. The sub-dimension of perceived relational benefits had significant effects on brand trust and satisfaction. Specifically, respondents revealed that they had higher brand trust if they felt psychologically comfortable, were offered useful information by outdoor wear brands, and had a favorable relationship with salespeople when they bought outdoor wear merchandise. Secondly, influences of perceived relational benefits on brand trust and satisfaction were not shown to differ depending on the congruity between outdoor wear brands and the purchaser's self-image. On the other hand, factors of perceived relational benefits revealed to differently have effects on brand trust and satisfaction depending on respondents' gender and age. Practical implications to understand outdoor wear target customers' relational benefits, self-image congruity and demographic characteristics and to enhance trust and satisfaction with outdoor wear brands are proposed.