• Title/Summary/Keyword: digestive organ

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Study on Clinical Diseases of Blood Stasis Pattern (어혈증(瘀血證)의 임상 질환 범위에 대한 고찰)

  • Park, Mi Sun;Kim, Yeong Mok
    • Herbal Formula Science
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.1-15
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    • 2013
  • Objectives : This article is a study on to which categories of modern diseases blood stasis patterns are assigned and the meaning of blood stasis interpreted with perspectives of Korean Medicine and modern medicine. Methods : We reviewed "Neijing", "Shanghanlun", "Yilingaicuo", "Xuezhenglun" and other books and modern clinical papers related with blood stasis. Results : 1. Blood stasis patterns are related with disorders of hemorrheology, hemodynamics, platelet function, microcirculation, microelements and endothelial damage. 2. From the types of syndrome differentiation, diverse diseases classified in type of qi deficiency with blood stasis and type of blood stasis due to qi stagnation are reported, which reflects qi and blood are closely connected. And many diseases are classified in type of kidney deficiency with blood stasis, which has something in common with chronic diseases can achieve effect from treatment considering blood stasis. 3. Diseases related with kidney involve menopausal disorder, mazoplasia, prostatitis, erectile dysfunction, chronic nephritis, renal calculus, osteoporosis and bursitis. Diseases related with heart involve coronary artery disease, arrhythmia and cerebral thrombosis. Diseases related with spleen involve gastritis, colonitis and digestive organ ulcer. Diseases related with liver involve hepatitis, hyperthyroidism and stroke. Diseases related with lung involve neurodermatitis, bronchitis and paranasal sinusitis. Conclusions : Blood stasis pattern which is one of the areas to draw medicine's attention has broad clinical application.

A Paddling Based Locomotive Mechanism for Capsule Endoscopes

  • Park Suk-Ho;Park Hyun-Jun;Park Sung-Jin;Kim Byung-Kyu
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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    • v.20 no.7
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    • pp.1012-1018
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    • 2006
  • Diagnosis and treatment using the conventional flexible endoscope in gastro-intestinal tract are very common since advanced and instrumented endoscopes allow diagnosis and treatment by introducing the human body through natural orifices. However, the operation of endoscope is very labor intensive work and gives patients some pains. As an alternative, therefore, the capsule endoscope is developed for the diagnosis of digestive organs. Although the capsule endoscope has conveniences for diagnosis, it is passively moved by the peristaltic waves of gastro-intestinal tract and thus has some limitations for doctor to get the image of the organ and to diagnose more thoroughly. As a solution of these problems, various locomotive mechanisms for capsule endoscopes are introduced. In our proposed mechanism, the capsule-type microrobot has synchronized multiple legs that are actuated by a linear actuator and two mobile cylinders inside of the capsule. For the feasibility test of the proposed microrobot, a series of in-vitro experiments using small intestine without incision were carried out. From the experimental results, our proposed microrobot can advance along the 3D curved and sloped path with the velocity of about $3.29\sim6.26mm/sec$ and $35.1\sim66.7%$ of theoretical velocity. Finally, the proposed locomotive mechanism can be not only applicable to micro capsule endoscopes but also effective to advance inside of gastro-intestinal tract.

EFFECTS OF DIETARY CELLULOSE AND PROTEIN LEVELS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, ENERGY AND NITROGEN UTILIZATION, LIPID CONTENTS AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNAL ORGANS IN GROWING CHICKS

  • Siri, S.;Tobioka, H.;Tasaki, I.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.235-242
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    • 1993
  • In order to investigate the effects of dietary cellulose and protein levels on chick performance, four semi-purified diets were formulated so as to contain cellulose at levels of 5% (LC) and 20% (HC) in combination with 10% (LP) and 20% (HP) protein, and fed ad libitum to 1-week-old White Leghorn male chicks for 3 weeks. There were no significant differences in feed intake, body weight gain and feed efficiency between the LC-HP and HC-HP groups. All parameters were lower in the LP groups; the HC-LP group consumed very small amount of feed and lost body weight during the experiment. The retention rates of DM, ash, nitrogen and energy were higher in the HP than the LP groups. The triglyceride concentration of carcass was lower in the HC-LP group and that of liver was higher in the LC-LP group. The carcass total cholesterol level was higher in the HC-HP group. The relative weight of most digestive organs was higher in the HP group irrespective of the cellulose level. In conclusion, the chick performance was primarily influenced by dietary protein level, and when the chicks were fed inadequate levels of protein, the low cellulose level gave a better performance than the high cellulose level.

Inhibitory Effects on the Type I hypersensitivity and Inflammatory Reaction of Sogunjung-tang (소건중탕이 알레르기에 미치는 영향)

  • Jung Il Hong;Kim Ji Yun;Kam Chul woo;Park Dong il
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.1188-1193
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    • 2003
  • Sogunjung-tang(SGJT) has been used for the treatment of general weakness, digestive organ disease and so on. This study was carried out for the purpose of knowing the inhibitory effect on the Type I hypersensitivity and Inflammatory reactions of SGJT. The reasults were obtained as follows: SGJT(0.1, 0.5, 1, 2mg/g) concentration of dependently inhibited compound48/80 induced anaphylaxis reaction in mice. SGJT(2mg/g) also inhibited permeability of evans blue into peritoneal cavity in mice. SGJT reduced IgE, CRP, WBC and Platelets on egg albumin induced hypersensitivity. but serum NO was grown. According to above results, SGJT may be beneficial in the type I hypersensitivity and Inflammatory reactions by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells.

Inhibitory Effects on the Type I hypersensitivity and Inflammatory Reaction of Hwanggigunjung-tang (황기건중탕이 알레르기에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee Jeong Hoon;Hong Hyun Woo;Gam Chul-woo;Park Dong il
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.1293-1298
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    • 2003
  • HGJT has been used for the treatment of general weakness, digestive organ disease and so on. This study was carried out for the purpose of knowing the inhibitory effect on the Type I hypersensitivity and Inflammatory reactions of Hwanggigunjungtang(HGJT). The reasults were obtained as follows: HGJT(0.1. 0.5. 1, 2mg/g) concentration of dependently inhibited compound48/80 induced anaphylaxis reaction in mice. HGJT(2mg/g) also inhibited permeability of evans blue into peritoneal cavity in mice. HGJT reduced IgE, CRP. WBC and Platelets on egg albumin induced hypersensitivity. But serum NO was grown. According to above results, HGJT may be beneficial in the type I hypersensitivity and Inflammatory reactions by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells.

Modeling and Experimental Validation of Earthworm-like Robot (지렁이 모사 로봇의 모델링 및 실험 검증)

  • Park Suk-Ho;Kim Byung-Kyu;Kwon Ji-Woon
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.30 no.3 s.246
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    • pp.287-294
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    • 2006
  • In recent years, capsule endoscope is highlighted for the patient's convenience and the possibility of the application in the small intestine. However, the capsule endoscope has some limitations to get the image of the digestive organ because its movement only depends on the peristaltic motion. In order to solve these problems, locomotion of capsule endoscope is necessary. In this paper, we analyze the locomotive mechanism of earthworm-like robot proposed as locomotive device of capsule endoscope and derive the condition which can Judge the possibility of its mobility using theoretical analysis. Based on a biomechanical modeling and simulation, the critical stroke, that is minimum stroke of the earthworm-like robot to perform motion inside small intestine, is obtained. Also, this derived critical stroke can be validated by the moving test of fabricated earthworm-like robot. Consequently, it is expected that this study can supply useful information to design of earthworm-like robot for mobility of capsule endoscope.

Implementation of Externally Controllable Miniaturized Capsule for the Stimulation of Intestine (체외 제어 가능한 소화관 자극용 초소형 캡슐 구현)

  • Park, J.C.;Park, H.J.;Lee, J.W.;Song, B.S.;Lee, S.H.;Cho, J.H.
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.176-184
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    • 2003
  • In this paper, a swallowable miniaturized capsule, which applicable for electrical stimulation of digestive organ to improve the motion of intestine in research purpose, is proposed and implemented. The developed capsule can be controlled for the behavior of the power on/off, amplitude and pulse rate for the patient stimulus, by internally equipped with miniaturized RF receiver that linked by the command of external transmitter. The experimental result of the implemented miniaturized capsule in the animal intestine show the ability of effective control for the stimulus parameters.

Studies on the Absorption and Excretion of Ginsenosldes (인삼사포인의 흡수 및 배설에 관한 연구)

  • Han, Byeong-Hun;Park, Man-Gi;Lee, Eun-Sil
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.112-116
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    • 1991
  • The metabolic fate of ginsenosides including gastrointestinat absorption, organ distribution, excretion and metabolism in liver was investigated by tracer studies using the radio-labeled ginsenosides. 3H-ginsenosides were shown to be absorbed from the mouse digestive tract and then to be excreted rapidly into urine and/or bile. Bile juice was concluded to play a significant role in absorption of ginsenosides. The total concentration of radioactivity persisted in tissues 24 hrs after oral administration was less than 1.3% of the administered dose and Rbl showed the highest value. The concentrations of radioactivity were relatively high in the liver and kidney. After administration of Rbl radioactivity was detected in the brain. After oral administration of 8H-ginsenosides, major component excreted into urine was found to be the intact ginsenosides and decomposed and/or metabolized products were found in GIT in the case of Rbl. 3H-ginsenoside Rbl was shown to be metabolized in the liver and the metabolite was suggested to be an acylated compound of Rbl by a certain organic acid.

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Pathophysiology and protective approaches of gut injury in critical illness

  • Jung, Chang Yeon;Bae, Jung Min
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.27-33
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    • 2021
  • The gut is a complex organ that has played an important role in digestion, absorption, endocrine functions, and immunity. The gut mucosal barriers consist of the immunologic barrier and nonimmunologic barrier. During critical illnesses, the gut is susceptible to injury due to the induction of intestinal hyperpermeability. Gut hyperpermeability and barrier dysfunction may lead to systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Additionally, gut microbiota are altered during critical illnesses. The etiology of such microbiome alterations in critical illnesses is multifactorial. The interaction or systemic host defense modulation between distant organs and the gut microbiome is increasingly studied in disease research. No treatment modality exists to significantly enhance the gut epithelial integrity, permeability, or mucus layer in critically ill patients. However, multiple helpful approaches including clinical and preclinical strategies exist. Enteral nutrition is associated with an increased mucosal barrier in animal and human studies. The trophic effects of enteral nutrition might help to maintain the intestinal physiology, prevent atrophy of gut villi, reduce intestinal permeability, and protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury. The microbiome approach such as the use of probiotics, fecal microbial transplantation, and selective decontamination of the digestive tract has been suggested. However, its evidence does not have a high quality. To promote rapid hypertrophy of the small bowel, various factors have been reported, including the epidermal growth factor, membrane permeant inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase, mucus surrogate, pharmacologic vagus nerve agonist, immune-enhancing diet, and glucagon-like peptide-2 as preclinical strategies. However, the evidence remains unclear.

Intestinal organoids as advanced modeling platforms to study the role of host-microbiome interaction in homeostasis and disease

  • Ji-Su Ahn;Min-Jung Kang;Yoojin Seo;Hyung-Sik Kim
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.56 no.1
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    • pp.15-23
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    • 2023
  • After birth, animals are colonized by a diverse community of microorganisms. The digestive tract is known to contain the largest number of microbiome in the body. With emergence of the gut-brain axis, the importance of gut microbiome and its metabolites in host health has been extensively studied in recent years. The establishment of organoid culture systems has contributed to studying intestinal pathophysiology by replacing current limited models. Owing to their architectural and functional complexity similar to a real organ, co-culture of intestinal organoids with gut microbiome can provide mechanistic insights into the detrimental role of pathobiont and the homeostatic function of commensal symbiont. Here organoid-based bacterial co-culture techniques for modeling host-microbe interactions are reviewed. This review also summarizes representative studies that explore impact of enteric microorganisms on intestinal organoids to provide a better understanding of host-microbe interaction in the context of homeostasis and disease.