• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.554-564
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• 2019

Purpose: This study verified the reliability and validity of the Diet Quality Index for Indian children (DQIIC). Methods: The study sample included 100 school going boys and girls (7-9 years). The dietary behavior of children was studied using a questionnaire and 24-hour dietary recall. The DQIIC comprises 21 items which aimed to assess the diet of Indian children on the basis of variety, adequacy of consumption of dietary components, and moderation in the amount of nutrients that are associated with diseases and dietary habits. The reliability of the DQIIC was assessed using the split half method, Cronbach's alpha, and test retest reliability. Content validity was evaluated using content validity ratio (CVR). Results: The intake of iron was found to be less than the recommended dietary allowances. There was frequent consumption of empty calorie packaged foods and higher than the recommended amount of sodium. Reliability of the DQIIC was 0.85 by split half method and the correlation coefficient for test retest reliability was 0.87. Cronbach's alpha was 0.62 and CVR was 0.85 for this index. Most of the children fell in the moderately healthy category. Conclusion: The DQIIC is a reliable and valid tool to assess the diet quality of Indian children between 7-9 years.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.558-570
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• 2002

This study was performed to develop an index assessing the overall diet quality for Korean. The study subjects consisted of preschool children (PC), elementary school children (EC), high school students (HS), college students (CS), and adults over 30 years old living Seoul and the surrounding areas. The subjects over 30 years old were classified to 30-49 years, 50-69 years, and over 70 years. A dietary survey was conducted using 24-hour recall method and data were collected from 2392 people. Newly developed Korean diet quality index (KDQI) was an index assessing the overall diet quality from the view point of balance. KDQI was based on the nutritional problems of Koreans, dietary risk factors for chronic degenerative diseases, 5 major food groups, and dietary guidelines. The ten components of KDQI were vegetables, fruits, dairy products, dietary variety score, calcium intake, iron intake, energy intake, fat intake, and cholesterol intake. The full score of each component was 10 points and the score of KDQI was calculated by summing the scores of the 10 components. When the KDQI was applied to this study subjects, the distribution of subjects KDQI scores was similar to normal distribution. Mean score of KDQI was 56.0 and the range of the mean by age was from 45.7 for the subjects over 70 years old to 60.7 for the elementary school children. The components which composed the lowest three means were dairy intake, fruit intake, Ca intake in most age groups. Mean score of DVS was one of the highest three but not for the subjects over 50 years old. After subjects with KDQI score over 70 were classified to higher poop and those with KDQI score under 40, to lower group, nutritional characteristics were compared. Energy contributions of carbohydrate, proteins, and fit, percentages of RDA for major nutrients, and dietary diversity scores were more adequate in the higher poop than in the lower group. The lower poop had more risks for chronic degenerative diseases. According to the results, KDQI was valid index to assess the overall diet quality and it could be used to detect risk group for malnutrition and chronic degenerative diseases.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.83-92
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• 2003

Improving dietary patterns, na, in turn, improving nutritional status, is now viewed as a key to improve public health and to prevent chronic diseases. There has been a peat needs to assess diet quality to identify nutritional risk group, however, little research has been done on methods to assess overall diet quality. The purpose of this study was to develope a mini dietary assessment (MDA) index for evaluation of overall dietary quality. A 10-component system was devised based on dietary guidelines and food Tower for Koreans. The system contained 4 food elements of which use is encouraged, such as milk, meat, vegetables, fruits, and 3 food elements of which use is limited, such as fat, salt, or sugar. Also the included were elements on dietary regulation and variety. A subject is to check one of ‘always' 'generally'seldom', which has score of 5, 3, and 1, respectively, so the total possible index score is 50. This index is to use without dietary survey and is to use even by non-nutritionist. A sample of 432 healthy males and females in their 30's and 40's contributed diet intake data based on 24-hour recall for the validation of MDA. The mean MDA score was 31.34 of a possible 50 points. The main nutrients for each MDA component was correlated very well with the results of 24-hour recall. Also, very good correlation was found between healthy eating index (HEI) score and MDA score. However, some of MDA components were needed a modification of term or/and statement. So the Uh was revised and another effort for validation was made with new sample of 169 subjects and even better correlation was found. The revised MDA could be used with minor modification to assess diet quality and to screen nutritional status. (Korean J Nutrition 36(1): 83-92, 2003)

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.305-312
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: As the prevalence of chronic diseases has risen, the need for straightforward diagnostic tools for monitoring nutrition status to improve nutrition counseling and disease prevention has likewise increased. This study developed an easily usable dietary behavior pattern diagnosis checklist and investigated its correlation with dietary quality index. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A draft dietary pattern evaluation tool was generated by analyzing previous studies. The draft questionnaire comprised 61 questions for assessing dietary habits. A survey was administered to 320 adults (19 to 64 years old) using the dietary pattern evaluation tool and 24-hour-recall method between March and May of 2014 in Jeonbuk province and the metropolitan area. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was performed to identify dietary behavior patterns. Nutritional analysis was conducted using CAN-Pro 4.0, and the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) was calculated to assess dietary quality. The correlation between dietary pattern scores and DQI-I scores was also analyzed. RESULTS: The factor analysis resulted in a total of 34 questions mapped to four main dietary behavior patterns: "high fat and calorie" pattern (12 questions), "overeating/binge" pattern (nine questions), "dietary impulse" pattern (eight questions), and "unbalanced food intake" pattern (five questions). The four dietary behavior patterns were negatively correlated with DQI-I adequacy and total scores (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The dietary pattern evaluation tool developed in this study can be used to diagnose a client's dietary behavior problems and is available as a nutrition counseling tool in the field.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.88-100
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• 2021

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the daily lifestyle of Vietnamese immigrant women and to find out if they could affect health-related quality of life improvement. Methods The subjects of this study were 273 women who immigrated to Korea from Vietnam. This study was conducted at Daejeon and nearby Healthy Family Support Centers from September 2019 to January 2020 with the cooperation of the Daejeon City Healthy Family Support Center. Correlation analysis was performed between lifestyle and quality of life, and ANOVA analysis was performed to confirm the difference in health-related quality of life scores for each subgroup of dietary nutrition, sleep quality, and physical activity. A regression analysis was conducted to investigate the contribution of dietary nutrition, sleep quality, and physical activity to the quality of life of Vietnamese immigrant women. The significance level was p<0.05. Results Physical activity showed significant correlations with Euro Quality of Life -Visual Analogue Scale (EQ VAS), sleep quality with EQ VAS and Euro Quality of Life-5Dimension (EQ-5D) Index, and dietary nutrition with EQ-5D Index. There were significant differences in EQ VAS and EQ-5D Index scores for each sleep quality subgroup, and a significant difference in EQ VAS scores for each activity subgroup. The quality of sleep was found to have the greatest effect on EQ VAS and EQ Index of Vietnamese immigrant women, and physical activity on EQ VAS and dietary nutrition had some influence on EQ-5D Index. Conclusions Quality of sleep is closely related to health-related quality of life, and plays an important role in health-related quality of life for Vietnamese immigrant women.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.399-405
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• 1991

The interaction of 4 dietary crude protein (13, 16, 19 or 22%) and 4 metabolizable energy (2600, 2800, 3000 or 3100 kcal ME/kg) levels on egg quality performances of Starcross layers were assessed between 245 and 275 days of age. The egg weight increased significantly with the increasing dietary protein and energy levels. But egg shape index, albumen index, yolk index, yolk dry matter, yolk protein, yolk fat, albumen protein and shell tickness were similar at all dietary protein and/or energy levels. The egg specific gravity and albumen weight increased but the yolk, weight, Haugh unit and albumen drymatter decreased with the increase of dietary protein levels and showed irregular trend with energy levels. The albumen dry matter and egg shell weight, however, were not affected by energy and protein levels. Simultaneous increase of protein and energy increased specific gravity, albumen index and shell thickness at a greater rate than that increased by the increase of protein or energy alone.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.96-106
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in the quality of dietary and life across age groups of Korean adults. According to life cycle, four age groups (20~29, 30~49, 50~64, ≥65) were created. Anthropometric indices showed significant differences according to age group (p<0.001). Energy intake significantly decreased according to age group as a result of decreased protein and fat intake (p<0.001). The intake levels of minerals, vitamins, and dietary fiber per 1,000 kcal were the lowest in the 20~29 age group (p<0.001). Whereas saturated fatty acids, MUFA, and PUFA intake levels were the highest for those in the 20~29 age group (p<0.001). The quality of dietary (DQI-I) increased with age group, but the quality of life (EQ-5D index) decreased (p<0.001). The quality of dietary showed 5.8% explanation power on the quality of life (p<0.001). Additionally, diet moderation was shown as having a negative effect, but the diversity and balance of diets had a positive effect on the quality of life. By age group, the relationship between quality of dietary and quality of life was the highest in ≥65 age group. These results suggest that practical dietary education is needed from the 20's to ensure the quality of healthy life for the elderly.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.102-114
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• 2002

This study was performed to assess the relationship between diet quality and general characteristics, stress, exercise habits, and nutritional knowledge score in the postmenopausal women. The data of dietary intakes were obtained using food frequency questionnaires which were collected from 151 postmenopausal women in urban area. Diet quality was assessed by INQ(index of nutritional quality), MAR(mean adequacy ratio), DDS(dietary diversity score), DVS(dietrary variety score), DQI(diet quality index). The results are summarized as follows. The mean age of the subjects was 59.9 years old. The means of height, weight, and BMI were 154.7cm, 57.2kg and 23.9 respectively. The subjects who did not exercise regularly were 70.9% and those who excercised at least once a week were 29.1%. The subjects who had regular meal time were 69.5% and those who ate breakfast regularly were 72.6%. More than 2/3 of subjects had regular eating behavior. Overall dict quality was significantly(p < 0.05) associated with INQ, MAR, DDS, DQI. However, there was no significant association between income level and diet quality. In conclusion, it would be beneficial to provide nutritional education included dietary diversity, dietary variety, dietary guideline, and adequate flood amount, to prevent chronic degenerative disease and maintain healthful life in the postmenopausal women.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.613-621
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between dietary quality and the risk of coronary heart disease (CBD) among Korean men by a case-control study. Methods: The cases were 108 male patients with a first acute myocardial infarction or a new diagnosis of angina pectoris who were admitted to a university teaching hospital in Seoul. Controls were 142 age-matched patients admitted to the departments of ophthalmology and orthopedic surgery at the same hospital. Dietary information was assessed by a nutritionist using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and dietary quality index (DQI) scores were calculated. Results: The intakes of total fat and cholesterol and body mass index (BMI) in cases were significantly higher than those in controls. The mean DQI scores were 8.6 for the cases and 9.4 for the controls. A higher DQI, which was indicative of a better quality diet, was inversely associated with the risk of CHD when comparing the highest to lowest quatiles, but borderline significant (odd ratios 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.25-1.39, P for trend ＝ 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that better dietary quality may reduce the risk of CHD among Korean men.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.329-335
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary fiber(DF) levels on the meat quality in colored broiler. Colored broiler were fed on containing corn-soy basal diet(DF 5%) and high level(DF 6,7 and 8%) of dietary fiber diets for 7 weeks. Dietary fiber level of diet was make up by adding some alffalfa meal. Colored broiler meats were stored at 3$\circ$ for 24hr after skaughter, and used to analyze physico-chemical properties. Proximate component, pH, shear force value, myofibril fragmentation index, water holding capacity, cooking loss, protein extractability, fatty acid composition, Hunter's L, a value and palatability of cooked meat were not significantly affected by dietary fiber levels, whereas the Hunter's value of meat was significantly affected bty dietary fiber levels for the final period of feeding. Crude protein content, myofibril fragmentation index, water holding capacity, protein extractability and Hunter's b value of breast meat's were higher than thigh meat's, but crude fat content, pH, shear force value, cooking loss, palmitoleic acid, linolenic acid, and Hunter's a value were lower, regardless of dietary fiber level.