• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.503-510
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a water extract of L. cladonioides (LC) has an anti-obesity effect in 3T3-L1 cells and obese mice. Treatment of differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes with LC caused a significant increase in glycerol release and reduced the protein expression of the adipogenic transcription factors, $PPAR{\gamma}$ and C/$EBP{\alpha}$. In an animal model, obese mice were artificially induced by a high fat diet for 10 weeks. Experimental groups were treated with LC (100 mg/kg/day) by gavage for the next 10 weeks. At the end of experiment, the body weight of the LC group mice was reduced by 14.2% compared to the high fat diet (HFD) group. The treatment also decreased liver (31.0%), epididymal (18.0%) and retroperitoneal (19.3%) adipose tissue, and kidney (6.7%) weights, respectively, compared with those of the HFD group. LC prevented diet-induced increases in the serum level of TC (22.6%), TG (11.6%), and glucose (35.0%), respectively, compared with the HFD group. However, the HDL-C level was higher in the LC group (26.1%) than the HFD group. The results of this study thus suggest that LC suppressed lipid accumulation and expression of adipogenic transcription factors, and increased the amount of glycerol release. LC also indicated an anti-obese and anti-hyperlipidemic effect.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.79-93
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• 2009

Objectives : In order to investigate the effects of Gambibang-3(here in after referred to GBB3) on the obese gene and obese inhibitory, C57BL/6 mice were induced by high fat diet. Methods : C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups(normal, high fat diet with control, high fat diet with Reductil(here in after referred to RDT), high fat diet with GBB3 extract) and fed for 8 weeks. And observed that, the weight change of the adipocytes in body and liver, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, leptin change in the serum, the expression of ${\beta}3AR$ and leptin gene in 3T3 cell and primary adipocyte cell. Results & conclusions : The following results were obtained in this study. 1. GBB3 and RDT group showed that the revelation of ${\beta}3AR$ in primary adipose cell and 3T3 cell were increased considerably, and that the revelation of leptin in primary adipose cell and 3T3 cell were decreased considerably. 2. GBB3 and RDT group showed that the weight of adipocyte and liver were not different with control group significantly. 3. GBB3 and RDT group showed that the amount of HDL-Cholesterol were increased considerably, the amount of glucose, LDL-Cholesterol and Triglyceride were decreased considerably. 4. GBB3 group showed that the amount of leptin in the serum were decreased considerably.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.35-50
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• 2010

Objectives : In order to investigate the effects of So-yangin Biman-bang(here in after referred to BM) on the obese gene and obese inhibitory, C57BL/6 mice were distinctively induced by high fat diet. Methods : C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups(normal, high fat diet with control, high fat diet with Reductil(here in after referred to RDT), high fat diet with BM extract) and have been fed for 8 weeks. Through observing the process, the weight change of the adipocytes in body and liver, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, leptin change in the serum, the expression of ${\beta}3AR$ and leptin gene in 3T3-L1 cell and primary adipocyte cell. Results : The following results have been found in this study. 1. Losing weight have significantly been shown. 2. The weight change of the body adipocyte and liver have been decreased but no significance has been found. 3. With close observation on the change of blood, HDL-cholesterol has positively been increased in numbers but the level of glucose, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride have distinctively been decreased. 4. The manifestation of ${\beta}3AR$ in 3T3-L1 cell and primary adipocyte cell have shown a definite increase in numbers but the manifestation of leptin has shown certain decrease in its amount. Conclusions : As results of this, So-yangin Biman-bang is thought to be effective in metabolic syndrom and lipid metabolism disorder that can possibly be occurred by obesity control and treatment. The clinical research will be needed in order to apply to So-yangin constitution in the future.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.96-103
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• 2012

Obesity-induced disorders contribute to the development of metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance, fatty liver diseases, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, we evaluated whether the Aloe QDM complex could improve metabolic disorders related to blood glucose levels and insulin resistance. Male C57BL/6 obese mice fed a high-fat diet for 54 days received a supplement of Aloe QDM complex or pioglitazone (PGZ) or metformin (Met) and were compared with unsupplemented controls (high-fat diet; HFD) or mice fed a regular diet (RD). RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to quantify the expression of obesity-induced inflammation. Dietary Aloe QDM complex lowered body weight, fasting blood glucose, plasma insulin, and leptin levels, and markedly reduced the impairment of glucose tolerance in obese mice. Also, Aloe QDM complex significantly enhanced plasma adiponectin levels and insulin sensitivity via AMPK activity in muscles. At the same time, Aloe QDM decreased the mRNA and protein of $PPAR{\gamma}/LXR{\alpha}$ and scavenger receptors in white adipose tissue (WAT). Dietary Aloe QDM complex reduces obesity-induced glucose tolerance not only by suppressing $PPAR{\gamma}/LXR{\alpha}$ but also by enhancing AMPK activity in the WAT and muscles, both of which are important peripheral tissues affecting insulin resistance. The Aloe QDM complex could be used as a nutritional intervention against T2D.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

Objective : In this study, the anti-obesity effect of Fragaria orientalis (FO) on high-fat diet-induced obese mice was investigated. Drug treatment methods are widely used as obesity treatment methods, but research using various natural products is being conducted due to safety concerns. This study aims to evaluate the anti-obesity effect of FO extract, a natural product derived from Mongolia. Methods : C57BL/6 mice were used and divided into three groups, normal diet group, high-fat diet group, and high-fat diet with FO oral treatment group at a dose of 300 mg/kg. Extract was orally provided everyday for 6 weeks. Body Weight and food intake were measured every 2 days and blood lipid profiles and liver function in the sacrificed mice were evaluated. In addition, protein expression in hepatic tissue and histomorphological changes in liver and adipose tissue were observed. Results : Body weight, adipose tissue weight and FER were significantly lower in a high-fat diet with FO treatment than fed only high-fat diet. There was a significant difference between the high-fat diet and the FO-treated high-fat diet mice. As a result of analyzing lipid metabolism-related genes in hepatic tissue, all of p-AMPK, p-ACC, PPAR-α, CPT-1, and UCP-1 showed significant increases, and PPAR-γ also decreased significantly compared to the high-fat diet group. Conclusion : Overall, these results indicate that FO is effectual in improving obesity, suggesting that it can be used as a possible material for anti-obesity agents or functional supplements for weight control.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 2015

Although it has recently been reported that Acanthopanax senticosus has a protective effect against the development of metabolic disorders such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia, its underlying molecular mechanisms have remained to be elucidated. In this study, we observed that treatment of an extract of A. senticosus (ASE) reduced body weight and adiposity and improved glucose tolerance in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. HFD-induced weight gain in white adipose tissues and liver was also significantly reduced in ASE-treated HFD-fed mice, which was found to be contributed by suppression of mRNA expression of genes involved in fatty-acid uptake and fat synthesis in white adipose tissue. ASE treatment also attenuated M1 macrophage activation, increased regulatory T ($T_{reg}$) cell population, and modulated leptin/adiponectin profile that might alleviate chronic inflammation to protect against HFD-induced insulin resistance. Our findings suggest a therapeutic potential of ASE for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes without adverse effects such as weight gain and dyslipidemia.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.637-643
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• 2013

Daesiho-tang (DST), Yijin-tang (YJT), Gyeoneumjisil-hwan (GJH), Ukdam-hwan (UDH), and Sojojung-tang (SJT) have been used to treat hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate whether five formulas were effective for improving obesity in high fat diet (HFD) induced obese mice. The mice were divided into seven groups: (1) a normal diet (ND), (2) a high fat diet (HFD) (3) a HFD plus DST (HFD + DST), (4) a HFD plus YJT (HFD + YJT), (5) a HFD plus GJH (HFD + GJH), (6) a HFD plus UDH (HFD + UDH), or (7) HFD plus SJT (HFD + SJT) at 150 mg/kg/day for 7 weeks. All five formulas treatments significantly lowered blood pressure, final liver weights, and serum total triglyceride levels. The four formulas (HFD+DST, HFD+YJT, HFD+UDH, and HFD+SJT) decreased body weights. Also, HFD+DST, HFD+YJT, and HFD+UDH groups reduced abdominal and epididymal fat weights. The serum LDL-cholesterol levels were decreased in HFD+YJT, HFD+UDH, and HFD+SJT groups compared to the HFD group. These results demonstrate that five formulas ameliorated obesity.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.22-31
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• 2019

Objective This study is to learn the effects of Hataedock method using Coptidis rhizoma and Glycyrrhiza uralensis mixed extract on inflammatory response in allergic rhinitis-induced obese NC/Nga mice. Materials and Methods The mice were fed with high fat-diet to be obese, and were divided into 3 groups as follows; allergic rhinitis-induced obese mice group with Hataedock method (CGT, n=10), no treatment group (Ctrl), allergic rhinitis elicited obese mice group (ARE). To induce allergic rhinitis, NC/Nga mice of 3 weeks age were sensitized on 7, 8 and 9 weeks by ovalbumin antigen in intraperitoneal space. After 7 days of final sensitization, allergic rhinitis was initially induced in mice through nasal cavities for 5 days. After 1-week, allergic rhinitis was induced again by the same method. Histological examination was used to identify distribution of IL-4, CD40, STAT6, $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$, substance P, MMP-9, NF-${\kappa}B$ p65, iNOS and COX-2. Results Hataedock method significantly reduced IL-4, STAT6 and CD40 response (p<0.05). In CGT, the inhibition of Th2 differentiation decreased inflammatory mediators such as $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$, substance P, MMP-9, NF-${\kappa}B$ p65, iNOS and COX-2 (all p<0.05). The immunological improvement led reduction of respiratory epithelial damage and mucin secretion in goblet cell. Conclusion The results of this study show that the Hataedock method suppresses the expression of allergic rhinitis by decreasing the inflammatory mediators through the regulation of Th2 differentiation even when the inflammation reaction is increased by obesity. Therefore, Hataedock may have potential preventive measure of allergic rhinitis accompanied by obese.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.75-79
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• 2015

Extracted mushroom water showed an ability to suppress the accumulation of body fat in female mice after feeding 5 weeks with high fat diet. Particularly, in parametrial and mesenteric adipose, it significantly reduced 44 and 47% of weight, respectively. In non-obese mice, maturated NK cell ($CD11b^{hi}CD27^{lo}$) population were increased ($70.9{\pm}3.8%$) in mushroom water fed mice compared to control ($61.4{\pm}4.3%$) and NK cell population were augmented in mushroom fed mice compared to control.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.145-152
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• 2015

Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) is a known to modulate the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in 3T3-L1. However, the possible role of DPHC in integument stability during obesity induction is not clear yet. We evaluated the effects of DPHC on collagen or elastic fiber quantity in integument during obesity induction with high-fat diet. The dorsal back integument sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson trichrome, and Verhoff-Van Gieson. The intensities of collagen fibers and elastin fibers were analyzed with ImageJ. The number of fibroblasts was counted at ${\times}1,000$ fields. The number of fibroblast was increased by obesity induction, but DPHC suppressed it in a concentration-dependent manner both in lean and obese mice. On the other hand, the intensities of collagen fibers were increased by DPHC treatment in obese mice groups but not in lean mice groups. The intensities of collagen fibers of obese mice were lower than that of the lean mice in 0% group. However, the number became similar between lean and obese mice by the treatment of DPHC. The intensity of elastic fibers was increased in the lean mice with the concentration of DPHC. In the obese mice group, there were increasing patterns but only significant at 10% DPHC group. The intensity of elastic fibers of obese mice was higher than lean mice in 0%, 1%, and 10% groups. Histologically epithelial cells and follicle cells which were diffused nuclear staining forms were increased by DPHC treatment. The results suggest that the activity of integument cells during obesity induction can be modulated by DPHC.