• 제목/요약/키워드: diet modification

검색결과 142건 처리시간 0.041초

당뇨병 환자의 웹기반 식사관리 및 영양상담 프로그램 (A Web-based Internet Program for Nutritional Counseling and Diet management of Patient with Diabetes Mellitus)

  • 한지숙;정지혜
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제33권1호
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    • pp.114-122
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    • 2004
  • 본 연구는 임상영양 분야의 전문 웹사이트로서 당뇨병 환자를 위한 식사관리 및 영양상담 프로그램을 개발하기 위하여 수행되었다. 프로그램은 당뇨병에 대한 식사관리, 영양상담 및 재진상담, 영양평가 프로그램으로 구성하였다. 프로그램은 표준체중 및 열량 필요량 파일, 식품교환표 및 식단작성방법 파일, 식단표 파일, 당뇨뷔페 파일, 식품선택 및 식품정보 파일, 식사력 조사 및 평가 파일, 혈당수첩 파일, 식품 및 영양소 데이터베이스 파일, 음식 영양소 함량 및 영양소별 20순위 식품 파일 등을 데이터베이스로 하여 웹 페이지 형식으로 만들어졌다. 사용자는 인터넷 사이트로 들어가 자신의 정보를 입력하면 그 결과로 자신의 비만도 및 1일 열량 필요량이 제시되고 그에 알맞는 식단을 보고 이용할 수 있도록 하였다. 식사관리 프로그램에서는 열량별 식단 자료실을 두어 1,000 kcal에서 2,500 kcal까지 100 kcal 단위로 일주일간의 식단을 볼 수 있게 하였고, 식품의 선택방법, 식사요법 및 식품교환표, 식단작성방법, 당뇨뷔페, 영양소별 20순위 식품, 용어설명 및 관련 사이트를 소개하였다. 영양상담 및 재진상담 프로그램으로는 식사력조사 및 상담ㆍ평가, 혈당관리 및 평가, 식품섭취빈도조사, on-line상담 등이 있다. 영양평가 프로그램으로는 섭취음식을 입력함으로서 영양소 섭취상태, 열량 영양소, 식사별, 식품군별 영양소 섭취상태, 동ㆍ식물성식품 영양소 섭취상태, 기간별 영양소 섭취변화 등을 평가받을 수 있도록 하였다. 영양소 섭취상태는 사용자의 필요량과 비교하여 그래프로 제시되고, 열량 영양소, 식사별 영양소 섭취 상태는 아침, 점심, 저녁, 간식으로 구분하여 결과를 볼 수 있고, 동ㆍ식물성 식품 섭취 및 기간별 영양소 변화 등은 각각의 영양소별로 그 섭취상태를 비교할 수 있도록 하였다. 이에 본 프로그램이 당뇨병 환자들에게 널리 활용되어 그들의 건강증진에 이바지할 수 있기를 기대한다.

신장이식 공여자에서 99mTc-DTPA를 이용한 Glomerular Filtration Rate 측정과 추정사구체여과율의 비교분석 (Comparative analysis of Glomerular Filtration Rate measurement and estimated glomerular filtration rate using 99mTc-DTPA in kidney transplant donors.)

  • 천준홍;유남호;이선호
    • 핵의학기술
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.35-40
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    • 2021
  • 신사구체여과율(glomerular filtration rate, GFR)은 신장 질환의 진단, 치료 및 추적 관찰에 중요한 지표이며, 건강인에서도 약제사용, 신장이식 공여자의 신장 평가 등에 사용된다. GFR 검사의 표준방법은 외인성 표지자인 이눌린(inulin)을 연속 주입하여 측정하는 방법이나, 시간이 많이 소요되고 검사 방법이 복잡하기 때문에, 혈청 크레아티닌 농도로 계산한 추정사구체여과율(estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR)을 대신 사용한다. 그러나 크레아티닌은 연령, 성별, 근육량 등에 영향을 받는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 현재 많이 사용되는 추정사구체여과율 공식에는 성인의 경우 Cockroft-Gault 공식, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease(MDRD) 공식, Chronic kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) 공식 등이 있고, 소아의 경우 Schwartz 공식을 사용하고 있다. 99mTC diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid(99mTc-DTPA)를 사용한 신사구체여과율(glomerular filtration rate, GFR) 측정은 이눌린을 대체 할 수 있어 현재 사용되고 있다. 이에 99mTc-DTPA를 이용하여 측정한 신사구체 여과율과 CKD-EPI 공식을 이용한 추정사구체여과율을 비교하여 보았다. 서울 아산병원을 내원한 신장이식 공여자 200명(남성 96명, 여성 104명, 47.3세±12.7)을 대상으로 99mTc-DTPA(0.5 mCi, 18.5 MBq)를 정맥투여 하고 획득된 plasma(Two-plasma-sample-method, TPSM)를 계측하여 신사구체여과율(glomerular filtration rate, GFR)을 측정하였다. 혈청 크레아티닌 농도를 근거로 chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) 공식을 이용하여, 추정사구체여과율(estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR)을 도출하였다. 신장이식 공여자 200명(남성 96명, 여성 104명, 47.3세±12.7)을 대상으로 99mTc-DTPA를 사용하여 측정된 신사구체여과율 평균값은 97.27±19.46 (GFR, ml/min/1.73m2)이고 CKD-EPI 공식을 이용한 추정사구체여과율 (estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR) 평균값은 96.84±17.74(CKD-EPI, ml/min/1.73m2), 혈청 크레아타닌의 농도는 0.84±0.39 (mg/dL)이다. 혈청 크레아티닌 근거 추정사구체여과율에 대한 99mTc-DTPA 신사구체여과율의 회귀식은 Y= 0.5073X + 48.186, 상관계수는 0.698이었다.(P<0.01)혈청 크레아티닌 근거 추정사구체여과율에 대한 99mTc-DTPA 신사구체여과율의 Difference(%)는 1.52±18.28 이었다. 99mTC-DTPA를 이용해서 측정된 신사구체여과율과 혈청 크레아티닌 농도에 기반하여 도출된 추정사구체여과율에 대한 상관계수는 0.698로 중등도 정도의 상관성을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 추정사구체여과율은 연령, 성별, 근육 양 등 신장 외적인 요소에 영향을 받고 신장질환자를 대상으로 만든 공식을 사용하는 원인에 기인하는 것으로 추정된다. 신장 질환의 진단, 치료 및 추적 관찰, 신장이식 공여자의 신장 평가 등에 사용되는 신사구체여과율 측정에 99mTc-DTPA를 사용함으로써 신뢰성 있는 결과를 임상에 제공할 수 있다.

Associations between Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) Gene Polymorphisms and Colorectal Cancer Risk and Effect Modifications of Dietary Calcium and Vitamin D in a Japanese Population

  • Takeshige, Nobuyuki;Yin, Guang;Ohnaka, Keizo;Kono, Suminori;Ueki, Takashi;Tanaka, Masao;Maehara, Yoshihiko;Okamura, Takeshi;Ikejiri, Koji;Maekawa, Takafumi;Yasunami, Yohichi;Takenaka, Kenji;Ichimiya, Hitoshi;Terasaka, Reiji
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제16권5호
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    • pp.2019-2026
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    • 2015
  • Much interest has been drawn to possible associations between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk in conjunction with potentially protective effects of calcium and vitamin D. In a study of 685 cases of colorectal cancer and 778 community controls in Japan, we examined the associations of the FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI polymorphisms with colorectal cancer risk and effect modification by dietary calcium and vitamin D. Genotypes were determined by the PCR-RFLP method. The ApaI polymorphism seemed to be associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer, particularly of rectal cancer. The adjusted odds ratio of colorectal cancer for the ApaI AA and Aa genotypes combined versus the aa genotype was 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67-1.02), and the corresponding value for rectal cancer was 0.75 (95%CI 0.56-0.99). A decreased risk of colorectal cancer for the ApaI AA and Aa genotypes combined was more evident in individuals with high calcium intake (interaction p=0.055). The FokI polymorphism seemed to be associated with a decreased risk of colon cancer among those with high vitamin D intake (interaction p=0.09). The BsmI and TaqI polymorphisms were unrelated to colorectal cancer risk, and the null associations were not modified by calcium or vitamin D intake. In conclusion, the ApaI polymorphism may be associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer in Japanese, dependent on dietary calcium intake.

농작물중(農作物中) 중금속오염도(重金屬汚染度)와 1일섭취량(日攝取量) 및 허용기준설정(許容基準設定)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (A Study on the Crops Pollution with Heavy Metal)

  • 염용태;배은상;윤배중
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.3-12
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    • 1980
  • Certain heavy metals which may lead peoples to poisonous status are widely used in industry and their uses have been increasing along with rapid industrialization of this country. Such an increasement of metal uses aggravates the status of environmental pollution affecting foodstuffs which are the most important life supporting factor of animal and humanbeing. Concerning the safety measures to minimize food-borne transmission of such hazardous metals, surveillance is the backbone of them and probably more so with a potential problem such as intoxication. Theoretically, this surveillance should include the determination of levels of heavy metal toxicants in foods, the determination of food consumption patterns and typical total diet, and the estimation of total load of the metal contaminant from all sources of exposure including air, water, and occupational sources. In recent year, actually, such estimates on the total daily intake of some heavy metals from foods have been made in several developed countries and a wide variation of date by season, locality, and research method was recognized. Also in this country, this kind of research data is vitally needed to make up for the serious shortage or lack of references to estimate the total amount of heavy metal intake of the people. In this study, a modification model for estimation of the total daily intake of cadmium copper, nickel, zinc, and lead through foods was applied and concentrations of the above metals in crops cultivated in this country were measured with atomic absorption spectro photometer to get the following results. 1. Level of heavy metal concentration in crops Generally, the levels of such metals in essential crops such as rice, cucumber, radish. chinese cabbage, apple, pear, grape, and orange are similar or lower than those in Japan and other developed countries. By the way, a striking result on cadmium concentration was increasement of its concentration in rice from $0{\sim}0.035ppm$ in 1970 to 0.11ppm in this study. However, the value is still far below the. Japanese Permissible Lebel of 1.0ppm. 2. Estimation of total daily intake per capita from foods A new model for estimation was devised utilizing levels of metal concentration in foods, amount of food consumed, and other food factors. Based on the above method, the daily intake of cadmium was estimated to be $70.53{\mu}g/man/day$ in average which was as high as the Limit Value of ILO/WHO(up to $71.4{\mu}g/man/day$). Also, 3.89mg of Zinc, 1.65mg of cuppor, 0.32mg of lead were given as the total daily intake per capita by this research. 3. Efficacy of washing or skinning to decrease the amount of metals in crops After washing the crops sufficiently with commercial linear alkylate sulfonate, the concentration of heavy metals could be reduced to $50{\sim}80%$ showing decreasement rate of $20{\sim}50%$. Also, after skinning the fruits, decreasement rate of the heavy metal concentration shelved $0{\sim}50%$.

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사료이용율 증가에 따른 비반추가축의 분뇨에 의한 공해발생 감소에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Reducing Pollutants in Non-Ruminant Manure by Increasing Feed Utilization)

  • Nahm, K.H.
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제28권3호
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    • pp.245-257
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    • 2001
  • 가축사육이 집단화되면서 가축배설물의 축적은 집중화 현상을 초래하게 되었고 또 계속적인 분뇨 분비물의 유출은 환경공해의 요인이 되고 있으며 이는 공공의 걱정거리로 대두되고 있다. 가축분뇨 중에서 질소와 인이 환경공해요인이 되는 가장 중요한 영양소이지만 가축이나 축산시설물에서 발생되는 냄새 역시 공해의 요인이 되고 있다. 급여되는 사료의 영양소효율을 높이는 길이 환경공해를 감소시키는 방법이다. 가장 많은 실험은 닭과 돼지를 대상으로 하여 이루어졌다. 사료첨가제의 이용, 사양방법의 수정 등으로 사료중의 영양소 이용성을 높임으로서 질소와 인의 배출감소는 물론 냄새와 분의 건물함량을 줄일 수 있었다. 1) 합성아미노산 제제를 사료 중에 첨가하고 단백질 수준을 감소시켰을 때 육계의 경우 10∼27%의 질소배출을 기대할 수 있었으며 산란계의 경우 18∼35%, 돼지의 경우 62%, 돼지에서 생성되는 냄새를 9∼43%까지 감소시키는 효과를 기대 할 수 있었다. 2) 사료 중에 효소제를 첨가하였을 때 육계 분의 건물함량을 12∼15% 감소시킬 수 있었다. 3) phytase를 첨가할 경우 분으로 배설되는 인의 함량은 양계의 경우 25∼35%,돼지의 경우 9∼43%까지 감소가 가능했다. 4) 성장촉진제를 이용할 경우 돼지에서 질소의 배설 양을 5∼30% 감소시킬 수 있었으며 냄새는 53∼55%까지 감소가 가능했다. 5) 사료배합을 요구량에 가깝게 하여 급여하였을 때 양계나 양돈의 경우 질소와 인은 각각 10∼15% 감소를 기대 할 수 있었으며 돼지의 냄새는 28∼79%까지 감소가 가능했다. 6) 기별 사양을 철저히 실시함으로서 양계와 양돈의 경우 질소는 10∼33%, 인산은 10∼13%, 그리고 성장 비육돈의 경우 49∼79% 감소를 기대 할 수 있다. 7) 닭이나 돼지의 사료를 배합시 소화율이 높은 곡류를 이용하면 질소와 인의 배설을 5% 감소시킬 수 있다.

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한국 성인의 대사증후군 예방을 위한 건강한식 교육프로그램 개발 (Development of healthy Han-sik nutrition education program featuring consumption of Korean foods for prevention of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults)

  • 강민지;백희영;위경애;정효지
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제45권6호
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    • pp.552-561
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    • 2012
  • Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic risk factors associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Recently, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome has increased in Korea. The aim of this study was to develop a Healthy Han-sik Nutrition Education Program (HHNEP) based on commonly recognized Korean foods in order to decrease metabolic syndrome risks. The target population of the HHNEP is adults with metabolic risk factors. The initial version of the HHNEP was developed based on a review of literature and various dietary guidelines by expert committees as well as the results of a survey on the perception of common Korean dishes and foods as Han-sik. The focus group discussion conducted of nine participants from the target population. After minor modification, the final version was developed. The contents included five sections: 1) aims, 2) introduction of Korean Food Guidance System, 3) cholesterol contents in food, 4) menu planning method using Han-sik, and 5) examples of daily Han-sik menu. The Han-sik list was selected based on the results from a Han-sik perception answered by 35 Korean adults aged 30-60 years using 517 frequently consumed Korean foods from the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The nutrition education program was developed based on scientific evidence for the prevention of metabolic syndrome and focuses on tailoring education to an individual's dietary problems. Educational method was developed by a group of expert committees based in planned behavior theory and related research results. The education method consisted of assessment of current diet, four face-to-face nutrition education sessions over 8 weeks, and evaluation after 8 and 16 weeks. Initial version of nutrition education materials and methods was tested for feasibility by a select group of nine Korean healthy adults. Successful implementation of the program would include application by nutritional professionals at the health promotion center of the hospitals, public health center, and work sites. Intervention studies are needed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of this program before large-scale applications.

Effects of compound organic acid calcium on growth performance, hepatic antioxidation and intestinal barrier of male broilers under heat stress

  • He, Junna;Ma, Lianxiang;Qiu, Jialing;Lu, Xintao;Hou, Chuanchuan;Liu, Bing;Yu, Dongyou
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제33권7호
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    • pp.1156-1166
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    • 2020
  • Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of compound organic acid calcium (COAC) on growth performance, hepatic antioxidant status and intestinal barrier of male broilers under high ambient temperature (32.7℃). Methods: Nine hundred healthy one-d-old Cobb-500 male broiler chicks were randomly assigned into three groups with six replicates of 50 birds each. A basal diet supplemented with 0% (control), 0.4% and 0.8% COAC, respectively were fed to birds for 6 weeks. All treatments were under high ambient indoor temperature of 32.7℃, and had a constant calcium and available phosphorus ratio. Results: The results showed that, compared with control, the average daily gain of broilers in 0.4% and 0.8% was significantly increased and the ratio of feed to gain in in 0.4% and 0.8% was significantly decreased at 1 to 21, 22 to 42 and 1 to 42 days of age (p<0.05). Compared with control, 0.8% COAC slightly decreased (p = 0.093) the content of malondialdehyde in liver at 42 days of age while 0.4% COAC significantly decreased (p<0.05) the activity of alkaline phosphatase. Furthermore, 0.4% COAC significantly enhanced the intestinal barrier function via increasing jejunal and ileal ocln transcription, promoting jejunal mucin 2 transcription at 42 days of age (p<0.05), and decreasing jejunal toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2) and ileal TLR-15, inducible nitric oxide synthase compared with control group (p<0.05). Whereas, no significant differences on the transcription of interleukin-1β in jejunum and ileum were observed among three treatments (p>0.05). Overall, heat stress caused by high natural environment temperature may induce the damage to hepatic antioxidation and intestinal barrier. Conclusion: Dietary inclusion of COAC can improve the tolerance of broilers to thermal environment through the modification of antioxidative parameters in liver and the mRNA expression of genes in intestinal barrier, resulting in an optimal inclusion level of 0.4%.

간호대학생의 비만스트레스와 건강신념이 체중조절행위에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Obesity Stress and Health Belief on Weight Control Behavior among Nursing Students)

  • 함미영;임소희
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제18권11호
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    • pp.459-468
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구는간호대학생의 비만스트레스와 건강신념이 체중조절행위에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 시도되었다. 자료 수집은 2016년 9월 1일부터 10월 10일까지 U시에 소재한 대학교에 재학 중인 간호대학생을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSS 23.0프로그램을 이용하여 t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Person's correlation coefficients와 위계적 다중회귀분석(Hierarchical multiple regression analysis)으로 분석하였다. 대상자의 일반적 특성 중 성별(t=2.30, p=.044), 건강상태(F=8.03, p<.001)가 체중조절행위에 유의하게 영향을 주었다. 체중조절행위의 식이요법(r=-.26, p<.001), 운동요법(r=-.25, p<.001)과 행동수정요법(r=-.29, p<.001)이 지각된 장애성과 유의한 음의 상관관계가 있으며, 체중조절행위의 전문지식획득은 비만스트레스(r=.42, p<.001), 지각된 민감성(r=.25, p<.001)과 지각된 유익성(r=.19, p<.001)이 유의한 양의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 간호대학생의 체중조절행위에 유의한 영향을 준 것은 건강신념 중 지각된 장애(${\beta}=-.30$, p<.001)와 비만스트레스(${\beta}=.20$, p<.05) 순으로 나타났고, 이들 변인들의 총 설명력은 17.2%이었다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 간호대학생의 체중조절행위에 영향을 주는 성별, 건강상태 및 비만스트레스와 건강신념의 변인들을 이용하여 체중조절행위를 실천할 수 있는 효율적인 교육 및 프로그램의 개발과 적용이 요구된다.

식이 지방의 종류가 흰쥐의 노화 과정 중 신장 기능에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Different Types of Dietary Fat on Renal Functions in Aged Rats)

  • 김화영
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.253-262
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    • 1998
  • This study was performed to investigated the effect of dietary fat sources on renal senescence in aged rats. Seventeen month old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups according to urinary protein excretion. Four month old rats were used as a control group. The rats were fed one of three different experimental diets ; 20% beef tallow, 20% corn oil 20% fish oil diet. They were fed experimental diets ad libitum for 16 weeks . The results are summarized as follows. Serum lipid concentrations were higher in aged rats than in control rats, with the beef tallow group showing the highest level, followed by the corn oil and fish oil groups. Old rats showed higher HDL and lower LDL levels than the control groups. Age and dietary fat had no effect on VLDL. GFR for the both age groups were increased with experimental period with the beef tallow group showing the highest value. Urinary protein excretion was also increased with experimental period in both age groups. There was a large increase in urinary protein in old rats that were fed beef tallow and corn oil, but not in old rats fed fish oil. On the contrary , the effect of dietary fat on urinary protein was not found in control groups. There was individual susceptibility in the effect of dietary fat on urinary protein. Old rats fed beef tallow with high initial urinary protein showed highest increase, but , the change was not significant in rats with a low initial value . It was also found that the increase was kept low in rats of the fish oil group with high initial urinary protein. The corn oil group showed in between values. There were no differences in urine and renal tissue concentrations of TXB2 . Aged rats showed a tendency of having higher urinary PGE2 excretion and lower renal cortex content. Since higher PGE2 excretion was reported to be associated with decreased renal function, this might suggest that the aged rats show renal function reduction. Light microscopic examination showed that glomerular segmental sclerosis, mesangial matrix expansion and tubular atrophy were more frequently present in aged rats, and that these changes were more significant in the beef tallow group, followed by corn oil and fish oil groups. The percentage of urinary protein excretion was increased in aged rats in association with increased glomerular sclerosis and mesangial matrix . This change could be partly due to a change in eicosanoids metabolism . Therefore, modification of dietary fat could affect the eicosanoids metabolism in kidney and renal senescence.

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Lifestyle intervention might easily improve blood pressure in hypertensive men with the C genotype of angiotensin II type 2 receptor gene

  • Kitaoka, Kaori;Kitade, Azusa;Nagaoka, Junko;Tsuzaki, Kokoro;Harada, Kiyomi;Aoi, Wataru;Wada, Sayori;Asano, Hiroaki;Sakane, Naoki;Higashi, Akane
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제9권4호
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    • pp.385-392
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    • 2015
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Recent studies have reported an association of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) 3123Cytosine/Adenine (3123C/A) polymorphism with essential hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the AT2R 3123C/A polymorphism affects blood pressure for free-living hypertensive men during a 5-month intervention period. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The subjects were free-living hypertensive Japanese men aged 40 to 75 years who agreed to intervention in the period from 2004 to 2011. Detection of the AT2R 3123C/A polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction. The dietary intervention was designed to decrease salt level and to increase potassium level through cooking instructions and self-monitoring of the diet. The exercise session consisted of activities such as stretching, resistance training, and walking. Blood pressure, urinary sodium and potassium excretion, dietary and lifestyle data, and non-fasting venous blood sample were collected at baseline and after the intervention period. RESULTS: Thirty nine subjects were eligible for participation and the follow-up rate was 97.4%. The C allele proportion was 57.9%. AT2R 3123C/A polymorphism was X-chromosome-linked, therefore we analyzed the C and A genotypes. At baseline, no significant differences were observed between the genotype groups. After the intervention, there were no significant differences in lifestyle habit between the groups. Nevertheless, the estimated salt excretion (g/day) was significantly decreased only in the C genotype (13.0-10.3, P = 0.031). No significant change was observed in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (mmHg) in the A genotype, but a significant decrease was observed in the C genotype (150.0-141.5, P = 0.024). CONCLUSTIONS: In the C genotype, it might be easy to improve SBP through lifestyle intervention in free-living hypertensive Japanese men, however generalization could not be achieved by the small sample size.